HomeMy WebLinkAbout07-538 BREENBarbara Breen, R.N.
1101 Shannon Lane
Carlisle, PA 17013
Dear Ms. Breen:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 24, 2007
07 -538
This responds to your letter of April 16, 2007, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any restrictions upon employment of a Nurse
Administrator following termination of service with the Pennsylvania Department of
Public Welfare, Office of Developmental Programs.
Facts: You are currently employed as a Nurse Administrator with the
Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare ( "DPW "), Office of Developmental
Programs ("ODP "). You have submitted a copy of your position description, which is
incorporated herein by reference. A copy of the job classification specifications for your
position (job code 30770) has also been obtained and is incorporated herein by
reference. In your position with DPW, you are an instructor for the DPW Medication
Administration Train the Trainer Program ( "Train the Trainer Program "). You state that
the Train the Trainer Program is required in several settings licensed by DPW.
You plan to retire in June, 2007. You have been offered a position with a private
corporation doing business as "Tuscarora Intermediate Unit" ( "Tuscarora IU ").
Tuscarora IU is under contract with ODP and provides administrative support for the
Train the Trainer Program. You state that ODP has contracted with Tuscarora IU for
many years, but that you have never been involved in the contract negotiations or in
decisions to contract or continue to contract with Tuscarora IU.
You state that in your future position with Tuscarora IU, you would train
community providers to DPW, conduct the training of the medication program, train
instructors, evaluate program data, and maintain training materials.
You have submitted a work statement for the Medication Administration
Instructor for the Tuscarora IU which is incorporated herein by reference. You state that
in your prospective employment with Tuscarora IU, you would not participate in contract
negotiations with DPW or represent any person, agency or entity before DPW.
Breen, 07 -538
May 24, 2007
Page 2
Based upon the facts that you have submitted, you seek guidance as to whether
the Ethics Act would impose any restrictions upon you with regard to accepting
employment with Tuscarora IU following your retirement from DPW.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Nurse Administrator for ODP under DPW, you would be considered a
"public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This conclusion is based
upon the job description and job classification specifications, which when reviewed on
an objective basis, indicate clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official
action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the following:
contracting; procurement; planning; inspecting; administering or monitoring grants;
leasing; regulating; auditing; or other activities where the economic impact is greater
than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public employee from accepting
a position of employment, it does restrict the former public employee with regard to
"representing" a "person" before the governmental body with which he has been
associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
Breen, 07 -538
May 24, 2007
Page 3
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public employee
on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental body, even
though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of public
service. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre - existing contract does not
involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name of the former
public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the regulations of the
agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former ublic employee may assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public employee may
not be identified on documents submitted to the former governmental body. The former
public employee may also counsel any person regarding that person's appearance
before his former governmental body. Once again, however, the activity in this respect
should not be revealed to the former governmental body. The Ethics Act would not
prohibit or preclude making general informational inquiries to the former governmental
body to secure information which is available to the general public, but this must not be
done in an effort to indirectly influence the former governmental body or to otherwise
make known to that body the representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public employee with regard to
representation before his former governmental body. The former public employee is not
restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities. However, the
"governmental body with which a public official /public employee is or has been
associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or other
governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or control,
but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No.
15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of public service would be DPW in its entirety. Therefore,
for the first year after termination of service with DPW, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act
would apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before DPW.
Breen, 07 -538
May 24, 2007
Page 4
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, you are
advised that Section 1103(g) would not prohibit you from accepting employment with
Tuscarora IU to provide training to community providers to DPW, conduct the training of
the medication program, train instructors, evaluate training data, or maintain training
materials as long as, in so doing, you would not engage in prohibited representation
before DPW for one year following termination of Commonwealth employment. Cf.,
Shaub, Order 1242.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public employee and no public
employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that
there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete
response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Nurse Administrator for the Pennsylvania Department of
Public Welfare ( "DPW "), Office of Developmental Programs ( "ODP "), you would be
considered a "public employee" as that term is defined in the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Upon termination of
service with DPW, you would become a "former public employee" subject to Section
1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former governmental body would be DPW in its entirety.
The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. Section 1103(g)
would not prohibit you from accepting employment with Tuscarora IU to provide training
to community providers to DPW, conduct the training of the medication program, train
instructors, evaluate training data, or maintain training materials as long as in so doing,
you would not engage in prohibited representation before DPW for one year following
termination of Commonwealth employment.
Act.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Breen, 07 -538
May 24, 2007
Page 5
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel