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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1419 EppleyIn Re: James A. Eppley, Respondent, File Docket: X -ref: Date Decided: Date Mailed: Before: Louis W. Fryman, Chair John J. Bolger, Vice Chair Donald M. McCurdy Paul M. Henry Raquel K. Bergen Nicholas A. Colafella 04 -053 Order No. 1419 10/4/2006 10/20/2006 This is a final adjudication of the State Ethics Commission. Procedurally, the Investigative Division of the State Ethics Commission conducted an investigation regarding a possible violation of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act, Act 9 of 1989, P.L. 26, 65 P.S. § 401 et seq., as codified by Act 93 of 1998, Chapter 11, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., by the above -named Respondent. At the commencement of its investigation, the Investigative Division served upon Respondent written notice of the specific allegations. Upon completion of its investigation, the Investigative Division issued and served upon Respondent a Findings Report identified as an "Investigative Complaint." An Answer was filed and a hearing was held. The record is complete. Effective December 15, 1998, Act 9 of 1989 was repealed and replaced by Chapter 11 of Act 93 of 1998, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., which essentially repeats Act 9 of 1989 and provides for the completion of pending matters under Act 93 of 1998. This adjudication of the State Ethics Commission is issued under Act 93 of 1998 and will be made available as a public document thirty days after the mailing date noted above. However, reconsideration may be requested. Any reconsideration request must be received at this Commission within thirty days of the mailing date and must include a detailed explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted in conformity with 51 Pa. Code § 21.29(b). A request for reconsideration will not affect the finality of this adjudication but will defer its public release pending action on the request by the Commission. The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance with Chapter 11 of Act 93 of 1998. Any person who violates confidentiality of the Ethics Act is guilty of a misdemeanor subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than one year. Confidentiality does not preclude discussing this case with an attorney at law. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 2 I. ALLEGATION: That James Eppley, a public employee in his capacity as Senior Civil Engineer Manager for the Bureau of Facility, Design & Construction for the Department of Conservation & Natural Resources "DCNR" violated Sections 1103(a) and 1105(b)(6), (7) of the State Ethics Act (Act 93 of 1998) when he used the authority of his office for a private pecuniary gain for himself and or members of his immediate family when he accepted an all expense paid trip to England from Thortex America, Inc. after he recommended that products manufactured by Thortex America, Inc. be used for a bridge repair project, and when he failed to disclose on a Statement of Financial Interest filed for the 2003 calendar year the receipt of the trip to England as either a gift or as payment or reimbursement for transportation, lodging or hospitality. II. FINDINGS: A. Pleadings 1. The Investigative Complaint was mailed to the Respondent on December 2, 2005. 2. James Eppley has been employed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania since July 12, 1973. a. Eppley has been employed as a Senior Civil Engineer Manager, Division of Design Engineering, Bureau of Facility Design and Construction, DCNR since approximately 1991. 3. From August 1, 2002 through March 19, 2003 Eppley routinely participated in project meetings. a. These project meetings include discussions and official actions taken to do the following: 1. Determine the scope of repairs. 2. Select the contractor to complete the repair. 3. Select and approve materials to be used on the project. 4. A determination was made to complete the project in two phases, critical and non- critical repairs. a. Phase one was to consist of critical, emergency repairs to stabilize the structure at an estimated cost of 4 million dollars. 1. Phase one repairs would have resulted in 40% to 50% of the bridge being restored. b. Phase two was to consist of the non critical repairs valued at an estimated 4.8 million dollars completing the restoration. 5. On October 17, 2002 a "kick -off meeting" was held at the Bradford Airport, Bradford, PA to discuss the emergency repair design -build phase for the Kinzua Viaduct. a. In attendance at this meeting included representatives from PennDot, DCNR, Herbert, Roland & Grubic (Engineer), Raudenbush Engineering, Knox & Kane RR, W.M. Brode (contractor) and TEC Associates (Engineer). b. DCNR employees in attendance included James Eppley, Gene Comoss, George DiCarlantonio, Gene Strick, Barrett Clarke, Gregg Sassaman, and Eppley, 04 -053 Page 3 Tony Lupino. c. During the kick -off meeting Brian Emberg of HRG /Raudenbush Engineering reported that a site inspection occurred between June 17, 2002 and July 11, 2002 and discussed the inspection process and general findings. 6. Eppley introduced George M. Brode representing the W.M. Brode Company (WMBC) of Newcomerstown Ohio as the project general contractor during the October 17, 2002 meeting. a. Mr. Brode reviewed his company's qualifications and experience as a multi - disciplined general contractor with added emphasis on the maintenance, repair, and replacement of all types of railroad structures. b. WMBC offers throughout the entire United States fully equipped high -rail bridge gangs to Class 1 regional and short line railroads, including structural steel repairs of high railroad viaducts similar to the Kinzua Viaduct. 7 On February 4, 2003 a fully executed copy of this contract was finalized. a. Eppley was not involved in the signing of the sole source contract. 8. Eppley participated in the project status meeting held at the Kinzua job site on March 19, 2003. a. Other attendees included: George Brode, Steven Brode; W.M. Brode Company Bill Yohe; Thortex America Leeland Rowles; Raudenbush Engineering Inc. Brian Emberg; HRG b. Yohe was present at Eppley's request. 9. During the March 19, 2003 status meeting a presentation was made by Bill Yohe and Bob Foster sales representatives for Thortex of a product called "Poly -Nox ". a. Eppley made the decision to utilize Thortex. 10. Raymond Clarke is the President of Thortex America Inc., 12 Iron Bridge Drive, Collegeville, PA 19426. a. Thortex America, Inc. is a division of E. Wood LTD, North Yorkshire, UK b. c. Thortex product line includes specialized coatings and repair products. Specific products include: Floor Repair /Resurfacing Systems Safety Surfacing Systems Hygienic Internal Wall Coatings Anti - Graffiti Coatings External Wall Coatings Fire Protection Systems Concrete Repair Compounds Timber Repair Systems Chemical Protection Systems Corrosion Protection Systems Metal Repair Systems Liquid Applied Roofing Membranes Eppley, 04 -053 Page 4 d. Thortex America, Inc. is the supplier of Poly -Nox coating material. 11. On May 12, 2003, Eppley submitted a request to his supervisor for forty -five hours of annual leave covering the period July 14, 2003 8:00 a.m. through July 21, 2003 4:30 p.m. a. Eppley's request for leave was approved by Eugene Comoss on May 14, 2003. 1. Eppley did not advise Comoss that he was traveling to England as Clarke's guest. b. An additional 7.5 hours of annual leave for July 22, 2003 was approved by Comoss on July 24, 2003. 12. The general trip itinerary for Eppley's trip to England included the following: Date Event 07/14/03 Flight Philadelphia to London 07/15/03 Manor House Hotel, Wiltshire Hotel Reception 07/16/03 Manor House Hotel, Wiltshire 9:00 a.m. -5:30 p.m. Coach transportation for excursion to Bath 07/17/03 Manor House Hotel, Wiltshire 9:00 a.m. -5:30 p.m. Coach transportation to Arboretum Westenbirt and Sheldon Manor for visits. 07/18/03 Transfer Manor House Hotel to Manor Tudor Country Park, Maidstone Afternoon at leisure 8:00 p.m. dinner at hotel. 07/19/03 Manor Tutor Country Park Breakfast at hotel; 9:00 a.m. -5:30 p.m. British Open 3 rd round or London sightseeing tour 7:30 p.m. Dinner at hotel. 07/20/03 Manor Tutor Country Park Breakfast at the hotel; 9:00 a.m. -5:30 p.m. British Open 4 round or trip to Hever Castle, Canterbury Cathedral, or Leeds Castle 7:30 p.m. Dinner at hotel. 07/21/03 Breakfast at hotel 12:45 p.m. depart for London Heathrow 4:25 p.m. scheduled departure unscheduled stay over in London due to strike. 07/22/03 Flight from London /Heathrow to Montreal Canada via Air Canada Flight from Montreal Canada to Boston MA Rental car from Boston, MA to Philadelphia, PA. 07/23/03 Approximate arrival time in Philadelphia, PA 5:00 a.m. a. British Air absorbed all costs associated with lodging on July 21, 2003 and Air Canada on July 22, 2003. b. William Yohe paid for the cost of the rental car to transport Eppley and his wife from Boston, MA. to Philadelphia, PA. 1. Both Yohe and Eppley traveled in the rental car. 2. The costs for the rental car totaled $190.02. 13. While Eppley was traveling with Clarke in England, the Kinzua Bridge collapsed as a result of a tornado hitting the area. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 5 a. All work on phase one of the project was immediately terminated. 14. In a statement provided to investigators for the State Ethics Commission, Eppley asserted that - - - he considered Clarke a friend. 15. Eppley's disclosure that the trip to England was for educational purposes was false. a. No training on Thortex products occurred during the trip. b. Eppley was aware of Thortex's products prior to the England Trip. c. Thortex's Poly -Nox product was shown to Eppley prior to and during the March 19, 2003 project meeting. 16. By way of correspondence dated August 30, 2004 Eppley was given notice of the pre - disciplinary conference scheduled for August 31, 2004 at 1:30 p.m. Allegations subject of the PDC are identified as: a. Acceptance of a trip to England in July 2003, with an estimated cost of approximately $3,000, wherein Thortex America paid for airfare, hotel, dinner, and entertainment expenses. On or about August 13, 2004, the Department first learned of the full details of these allegations upon receipt of an investigative report from the Office of Inspector General (OIG). Information in the report indicates that a product of Thortex America was used by the department for repairs to the Kinzua Bridge based on your conclusion in March 2003 that their repairs to the Kinzua Bridge based on your conclusion in March 2003 that their product would be used to coat portions of the bridge. The OIG report indicates your actions are violations of: b. The pre - disciplinary conference was held with Eppley on August 31, 2004 as scheduled. B. Testimon The Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (Act) which prohibits conflicts of interest which the Act defines as "[u]se by a public official or public employee of authority of his office of employment... for the private pecuniary benefit of himself...." 65 Pa. C.S. §§ 1102 and 1103. The Act also requires disclosure of "reimbursement of actual expenses for transportation and lodging or hospitality received in connection with public office or employment where such actual expenses for transportation and lodging or hospitality exceed $650 in the course of a single occurrence." You failed to report the acceptance of the travel expenses on your State Ethics Commission Statement of Financial Interests form. The governor's Code of conduct, Executive Order 1980 -18, amended and revised, which states that no employee shall "engage directly or indirectly in any business transactions or private arrangement for profit which accrues from or is based upon his or her official position or authority." 17. George Comoss is the Director of the Bureau of Facility Design (Bureau) in the Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR). Eppley, 04 -053 Page 6 a. Comoss has supervised Eppley for approximately 25 years. b. The Bureau is responsible for design and construction activities in the state parks and forests. (1) Eppley is Chief of the Design Division in the Bureau. c. Duties and responsibilities of Eppley at DCNR include: (1) Establishing, coordinating and implementing inspection programs for state park roads, bridges and dams; (2) Supervising bridge inspection of vehicular bridges in state parks and forests. (3) Participating in the planning and preparation for complex structural portions of bridges, retaining walls, ski lifts, marinas and structural frameworks; and (4) Ensuring designs meet Bureau standards, signing contracts and change orders, progress estimates, purchase requisitions, purchase requests, invoices and other requests or authorizations. d. Comoss became aware of problems with the Kinzua Bridge, a steel structure approximately 2000 feet in length and 300 feet high, that carried rail traffic in a state park. (1) After DCNR performed a first inspection, a consulting engineering firm, Herbert, Rowland and Grubic (HRG) was retained to determine the extent of structural problems. (A) HRG performed a cursory inspection that revealed major structural deterioration. (1) HRG then performed a full inspection of the Kinzua Bridge. (B) Eppley was assigned to the Kinzua Bridge project. (1) Eppley would review the work of HRG. (C) Due to the condition of the Kinzua Bridge, rail and then pedestrian traffic were banned. e. DCNR made the decision to have a contractor perform emergency repair work to the Kinzua Bridge. (1) Once the engineering repairs were done, DCNR contemplated repairing the bridge in its entirety, including the structural steel members, concrete foundations and paint, followed by a painting of the structure. (2) Eppley would be the project manager for the repairs. (3) Due to the emergency situation, DCNR could bypass the bidding process so that contractors could immediately work on the bridge. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 7 (4) DCNR's project coordinator would review the materials and make recommendations for the materials to be used on the bridge project. (A) Eppley performed these functions for the Kinzua Bridge project. (B) Eppley made a recommendation as to a contractor for the bridge contract. (1) Eppley recommended Brode as the contractor. (5) The initial estimate for repairs of the Kinzua Bridge was $1,000,000, which escalated to $4,000,000. f. On October 17, 2002, a meeting occurred among DCNR personnel, HRG and others concerning the Kinzua Bridge. (1) The meeting was to implement the emergency repair design -build phase for the Kinzua Bridge. (2) George Brode (Brode) of W.M. Brode Company was introduced. (A) Eppley participated in researching and finding Brode. (B) Brode was an impressive contractor with a history of doing good work. (3) Comoss played no role in the approval of work orders. g. On the Kinzua Bridge project, the contractor submits a work order for the previous month that is approved by the inspector (HRG). (1) DCNR signs off by Eppley as the project manager. h. Since the lack of paint contributed to the structural problems of the Kinzua Bridge, DCNR intended to paint the bridge after completion of the project. (1) Eppley, but not Comoss, was involved in researching a coating or painting material for the bridge. (A) Eppley advised Comoss that he found a product, Poly -Nox from the Thortex Company, for coating the Kinzua Bridge. Eppley submitted a leave slip to Comoss for the time period 8:00 a.m. on July 14, 2003 to 4:30 p.m. on July 21, 2003. (1) The leave slip for 45 hours was submitted on May 13, 2003. (2) A second leave slip was submitted for July 22, 2003 for an additional 7.5 hours. (3) Eppley went to the UK (A) Eppley did not tell Comoss at that time that Raymond Clarke (Clarke) paid for the trip. (4) Comoss learned that Clarke /Thortex paid for Eppley's trip to the UK Eppley, 04 -053 Page 8 J. k. only after the Inspector General contacted DCNR. In the first phase of the Kinzua Bridge project, the emergency contract did not require normal bidding procedures. Generally, in a bidding process, the qualified low bidder is awarded the contract. Poly -Nox, made by Thortex, was selected as the product to be applied to the Kinzua Bridge during the first phase of the project. (1) Since a contractor may requisite a substitute product, subject to DCNR approval, there was no guarantee that Poly -Nox would have been used for phase two of the Kinzua Bridge project. m. Eppley was directly responsible for selecting Brode as the contractor on the Kinzua Bridge project. n. Since Poly -Nox was "spec'd" for the initial phase of the Kinzua Bridge project, it would have been the preferred product for coating as long as it performed as expected in the emergency phase. (1) With a "spec'd" product, other bidders would have an opportunity to show that their product was the same or equal. (A) If there would be no same or equal product, then the "spec'd" material would be used. o. Steve Brode indicated that the drying time for Poly -Nox was severely hampered by both low temperature and high humidity. (1) Poly -Nox washed off the bridge structure following its application. (A) Eppley never advised Comoss of the problems with Poly -Nox. (B) Eppley never advised Comoss that consideration was being made to switch the bridge contract to a VOC (volatile organic compound) base. (C) Eppley did not advise Comoss about a problem with Thortex's warranty for Poly -Nox. p. It would be irregular for a Commonwealth employee who participated in the selection of a vendor's product to take an all- expense -paid trip provided by the vendor. 18. Timothy J. Chapham is the Human Resources Director in DCNR. a. Chapham is responsible for all human resource activities in DCNR, such as, employee /labor relations, classification, pay, personnel administration, equal employment and similar matters. b. DCNR has custody, control and maintenance of SFIs. c. DCNR has inter alia Eppley's SFI for the calendar year 2003. (1) Boxes 11 and 12 were checked "None" by Eppley. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 9 d. In August of 2004, Chapham participated in a pre - disciplinary meeting with Eppley regarding the non - reporting of the trip he took to the UK (1) DCNR Deputy Secretaries Dick Sprenkle and Rita Cabin attended. (2) When Eppley was asked about his trip to the UK, he responded that initially he did not think it was a problem but later, as time passed, thought that there was a problem. Eppley stated that the Thortex contract was awarded "long before" the trip to the UK. (4) As to the SFI, Eppley noted initially that the non - disclosure of the trip was inappropriate but later thought that it was not required because the business (with Thortex) was done. Regarding the trip to the UK, Eppley initially turned down the trip, saying that it did not look right. (3) (5) e. The pre - disciplinary meeting occurred on August 31, 2004 and a decision was issued on September 3, 2004. 19. Donald Emberg is employed by HRG as Vice - President in charge of transportation engineering. a. HRG was requested by DCNR to perform a condition and safety inspection of the Kinzua Bridge to assess its structural stability and general condition. (1) As project manager for HRG, Emberg maintained records of meetings with individuals. (2) Eppley was the main contact person with DCNR for the Kinzua Bridge project. (A) Eppley was the project manager for DCNR. (B) Eppley was the person to whom Emberg gave information and requested decisions as to the project. b. A meeting occurred on October 17, 2002 relating to the Kinzua Bridge after HRG completed and delivered its inspection report on the Kinzua Bridge to DCNR. (1) HRG's report concluded the Kinzua Bridge would become overstressed and unstable in wind conditions and structural steel repairs should be done immediately to stabilize and prevent a collapse. (2) The report also made near -term and long -term repair recommendations for the bridge. (3) An F -1 tornado hit the bridge in July 2003 and demolished that portion of the bridge that had yet to be repaired. (4) At the October 17, 2002 meeting, Brode was selected as the contractor for the project involving the emergency repairs. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 10 (A) Because the bridge in part collapsed during the tornado, the project never proceeded to the near and long term phases. (5) During the emergency repair stage, a paint or coating was needed when steel plates were directly bolted to the existing steel structure. (A) Coating the new steel would prolong the life of the repairs. (6) Poly -Nox was identified as a potential coating by Eppley and DCNR. (A) Representatives for Poly -Nox came to the Kinzua Bridge site to make a presentation on Thortex's product. (1) The two representatives of Thortex, Bill Yohe and Bob Foster, made the presentation at the request of Eppley. (2) Poly -Nox was presented as having zero VOC's. (3) Poly -Nox was touted as being able to be applied in cold temperatures down to 15 degrees. (4) Poly -Nox would be offered with a ten year warranty by Thortex. (B) Eppley concluded that Poly -Nox was the product to be used under the repair plates. c. A meeting on the Kinzua Bridge project occurred on April 2, 2003. (1) Brode stated that the drying time for Poly -Nox is severely hampered by low temperature or high humidity. (A) During such conditions, Poly -Nox washed off of the bridge structure. d. On April 14, 2003 another status meeting for the bridge project occurred. (1) Brode recommended to DCNR that it obtain a copy of the warranty language for Poly -Nox. e. At an April 22, 2003 meeting on the bridge project, the low temperature /high humidity limitations of Poly -Nox were considered by Brode as requiring a shut down of operations between November through February. (1) This was an unanticipated condition when the coating system was evaluated. (2) Brode indicated that consideration was being given to a VOC based paint for winter use to avoid a winter shut down of operations. f. At a June 17, 2003 project meeting, Bill Yohe stated that Thortex would provide a ten year warranty only after the entire bridge would be painted. (1) Emberg concluded that Thortex was not living up to its warranty promise. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 11 g. At the March 19, 2003 bridge project status meeting, no representatives from other manufacturers appeared or received invitations. h. In that the Kinzua Bridge project was an emergency contract, there was not a total cost set for the project. J. On work orders for the bridge project, "paint" references referred exclusively to Poly -Nox. (1) Brode submitted a bill for Poly -Nox to the Commonwealth in the amount of $18,682.50. (A) For signature approvals as to the bill, Brode signed as the contractor, Lee Rowles signed for Raudenbush and Eppley signed for DCNR. When Emberg appeared at the March 19, 2003 meeting, he had a report with four alternative products for the coating of the bridge. (1) Brode also appeared with specification sheets from different paint manufacturers. (2) The performance of the alternate products did not meet the cold weather performance that was represented as to Poly -Nox. k. At the end of the March 19, 2003 meeting, Eppley decided that Poly -Nox would be used on the Kinzua Bridge project. 20. Sharon L. Enders was the secretary of Eppley in DCNR during the relevant time period. a. Eppley told Enders, approximately one month in advance, that he would be taking a trip to the UK b. Enders saw information that Eppley's trip to the UK emanated from Thortex. c. Eppley was in charge of the Kinzua Bridge repair project. d. Enders contacted Eppley near the end of his UK trip to inform him that the Kinzua Bridge fell down after being hit by a tornado. 21. Robert Caruso is the Director of Investigations and Deputy Executive Director of the State Ethics Commission. a. The preliminary inquiry in the Eppley case was initiated on October 15, 2004 with assigned case number 04 -053. b. The Eppley case was referred to the SEC by the Office of General Counsel through the Inspector General. c. The Executive Director of this Commission authorized the institution of a full investigation on December 10, 2004. (1) Eppley was notified of the commencement of the investigation on December 10, 2004 by certified mail with return receipt. d. Eppley was advised of an amended notice of investigation on December 1, Eppley, 04 -053 Page 12 2005. (1) The allegations remained the same. (2) The amended notice reflected that the same conduct was being reviewed but under Section 1105(b)(7) of the Ethics Act. e. The Investigative Division requested a 90 -day extension that was granted by the State Ethics Commission on June 6, 2005. (1) A second 90 -day extension was requested by the Investigative Division and granted by this Commission on August 22, 2005. f. 90 -day notice letters were sent to both the Respondent and Complainant in the case. 22. Raymond Clarke is the President of Thortex America, Inc. a. Clarke testified that William Yohe is currently the President of one of Clarke's contracting companies, Repair & Protection Technologies, Inc. (1) During the relevant time period, Yohe was sales director at Thortex. b. Clarke stated that Eppley and he have a friendship. (1) Clarke and Eppley have never been to each other's residences. (2) Clarke met Eppley's spouse for the first time during the UK trip. (3) Clarke does not know if Eppley has children. c. Clarke was not involved in the presentation of Poly -Nox that was selected for the Kinzua Bridge project. d. Clarke knew that Eppley was involved in the Kinzua Bridge project. e. In 2003, Clarke contacted Eppley about going with a group of people to a trip to the UK. f. Every year Clarke takes a group of 16 people to the UK for the British Open Golf Tournament. (1) The trips are planned a year in advance. g. Clarke testified that when a friend /client backed out of the 2003 UK trip, he looked for a replacement since he already paid for the trip. (1) Clarke stated that Eppley was one of the individuals considered as a replacement. (2) After Eppley was offered two seats for the UK trip, Eppley considered and accepted Clarke's offer. (A) Eppley's spouse accompanied him on the UK trip. h. Thortex sold a quantity of Poly -Nox to Brode for the Kinzua Bridge project. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 13 (1) Of a total invoice price of $14,008.64, $13,500 was for Poly -Nox and $508.64 was for freight. (A) The order was placed on March 20, 2003. The UK trip was a golf outing for the men and sight seeing trip for the women. J. (1) Others on the trip included William Yohe of Thortex; Bill (and Diane) York, a project manager; Frederick (and Rebecca) McBrien, Clarke's attorney; Joseph (and Susan) Lowe, Clarke's accountant; Peter Bruckle, a New York associate of Clark; and Zack (and Kristen) Mendelson, who assist Clarke in obtaining bonds for bridge projects. (2) The trip was scheduled for July 14 to July 21, 2003. (3) UK trip charges were made against Clarke's corporate American Express card. In that Thortex supplied Poly -Nox for the emergency work on the Kinzua Bridge, Clarke anticipated supplying the product for the entire bridge. k. Clarke had many conversations with Eppley about the Kinzua Bridge after it fell down due to the tornado. (1) Part of the conversation concerned Clarke's loss of an opportunity for the whole Kinzua Bridge project. I. Eppley was not invited by Clarke on prior or subsequent trips vis -a -vis the time frame of the Kinzua Bridge project. m. While on the UK trip in July of 2003, there was no visit to the Thortex plant. n. Thortex did not sell Poly -Nox directly to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. o. Clarke testified that friendship was the motivation in inviting Eppley to the UK trip. p. The UK trip was paid on Clarke's American Express card, which is in the name of one of his companies. q. The air fare for Eppley and his spouse was $757.80 individually. 23. William Yohe is employed by Repair & Protection Technologies, Inc. a. In 2003, Yohe was technical director /national sales manager of Thortex. b. Bob Foster, an independent sales representative, asked Yohe if he had a coating that met the parameters for the Kinzua Bridge project. (1) Yohe met with Eppley in December of 2002 to discuss Poly -Nox. (A) Only Thortex products were discussed. (B) A presentation was arranged at the bridge site in early 2003. (i) Yohe and Foster made presentations. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 14 c. Yohe and Clarke had a discussion in May of 2003, after Medford Crawford dropped out of the UK trip, about a substitute. (1) Clarke asked Yohe to check his customer list for a replacement. (A) At some point, Eppley was considered. d. Yohe went on the UK trip with Clarke, Eppley and the others. e. Eppley's name came up for the UK trip after Thortex sold two skids of Poly - Nox to Brode. f. Eppley's name came up for the UK trip because Thortex was doing the Kinzua Bridge project. g. The UK trip was to end on a Monday but due to problems, a flight was not obtained until Tuesday. h. The UK trip was a means to strengthen relationships. Yohe stated that the inroads that came out of the Kinzua Bridge project were with persons like Brode, Emberg and HRC. j. When dealing with situations that could impact Thortex sales, trips to the UK keep the "doors open" for product sales. 24. George Brode is the President of WM Brode Company. a. Brode is basically a railroad bridge and repair contractor. b. Brode's partner was contacted by Eppley /DCNR regarding a project for the Kinzua Bridge. (1) After a meeting was held in Bradford, Brode was selected to participate in the Kinzua Bridge project. c. A partial renovation of the Kinzua Bridge in terms of emergency repairs was planned. d. Brode participated in the review process regarding coating materials for the Kinzua Bridge project. (1) Yohe and Foster made presentations at a March 19, 2000 meeting on Poly -Nox, including a ten -year warranty. (2) Eppley decided to use Poly -Nox. (3) Poly -Nox was presented as being able to be applied in temperatures as low as 15° and as being non -VOC. e. Poly -Nox was purchased from Thortex for a delivered price of $14,233.64. (1) Brode obtained reimbursement of the Poly -Nox purchase from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. (2) Drying time for Poly -Nox was hampered by low temperature or high Eppley, 04 -053 Page 15 (3) humidity. The limitations of Poly -Nox could have delayed or stopped work on the bridge project from November through February. (4) The ten -year warranty had not been received from Thortex. f. Brode had proposed the use of Rust -Oleum for the Kinzua project. g. The decision to use Poly -Nox was influenced by the presentation of the Thortex people. (1) The final decision to use Poly -Nox was made by Eppley. 25. Dawn DeSimone is a Special Investigator 11 in the Office of Inspector General. a. The Office of Inspector General reviewed an allegation against Eppley concerning alleged employee misconduct vis -a -vis a trip to the UK in violation of the Governor's Code of Conduct. b. Eppley admitted that he went to the UK at the expense of Clarke, the owner of Thortex. (1) The trip was to be for pleasure and business with a tour of the Thortex plant. (A) No tour of the plant occurred. c. Eppley admitted that he made the decision to use the Thortex product on the Kinzua Bridge project. d. All costs associated with the UK trip for Eppley and his spouse were paid by Clarke. e. Eppley admitted that he didn't think it [taking the UK trip] looked good." NT 390. 26. Daniel Cali is a Special Investigator with the State Ethics Commission. a. Cali was assigned the Eppley investigation. b. Cali and his supervisor, Dan Bender, interviewed Eppley on December 1, 2005. (1) The interview was tape recorded with the consent of Eppley who was administered an oath or affirmation. (2) Eppley admitted that he made the decision to use Thortex's product. (3) No other companies had representatives to present coating products because Eppley did not invite them. (4) Eppley characterized his trip to the UK as an educational trip. 27. Robert E. Foster for the relevant time period was independently associated with Thortex inter alia as to consultation and sales. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 16 a. Foster's work entailed the specification and sale of materials and bid work for contractual application of materials. b. Foster along with Bill Yohe went to the Kinzua Bridge to assess the situation. (1) Brode and his son were the general contractors for the project. c. Foster had a relationship with Eppley who would direct Foster to Eppley's subordinates about specific projects and applications. d. Since Foster did not have familiarity with Poly -Nox, he suggested to Eppley that Yohe was experienced and knowledgeable about the product. (1) Poly -Nox was touted as environmentally friendly with no VOC's, and with a flexible application even in low temperatures. (2) Eppley, Foster and Yohe had meetings about the possible use of Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project. e. Yohe and Foster made a presentation for Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project at a meeting held on March 19, 2003. (1) Brode and Emberg asked questions about Poly -Nox. f. Although Foster during the relevant time period was an independent contractor as to Thortex, he received sales commissions. g. At the meeting where a presentation was made on Poly -Nox, the matter of a ten -year warranty for Poly -Nox was proffered. h. Foster had conversations with Brode who raised concerns about the low temperature and high humidity limitations of applying Poly -Nox. 28. Eppley is employed by DCNR as the Division Chief of Engineering with Facility Design and Construction. a. In 2000, Eppley and representatives of HRG went up on the rigging of the Kinzua Bridge and found that the structure was not adequate. (1) DCNR had a meeting with HRG where it was determined that emergency repairs were needed to stabilize the Kinzua Bridge. (A) Legal counsel for DCNR approved an emergency design -build contract for the Kinzua Bridge. b. Eppley contacted Foster and told him that he (Eppley) was looking for a product that the contractor for the Kinzua Bridge project could use as a coating. c. Eppley was interested in Poly -Nox because it purportedly could be applied in low temperature without having to sand blast the surface before application. d. The March 19, 2003 meeting on the Kinzua Bridge was for finding products and sharing information. e. Ray Clarke of Thortex invited Eppley to the U K trip in approximately April of 2003. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 17 (1) Eppley testified that he declined the first invitation but accepted when Clarke invited him the second time. f. Eppley testified that the UK trip was paid by Repair Protection Technologies (RPT), the company of Bill Yohe. 1. As to the payment for the UK trip, Eppley testified that he did not recall Clarke stating that he (Clark) paid for the trip. 2. When Eppley viewed a Department of State printout that reflected Clarke as President of RPT, Eppley admitted that the document showed no connection between Yohe and RPT. g. Eppley listed the UK trip as a gift having a value of $3,000 on the Governor's Code of Conduct after he was first interviewed by the Office of Inspector General. h. Eppley testified that he viewed the UK trip as educational because he did not golf and toured various sites in the UK. J. (1) In the pleadings, Eppley admitted that his disclosure of the UK trip as educational was a false statement. Eppley stated that he listed the amount of $3,000 in the Governor's Code of Conduct based upon his guess as to the value of the UK trip. When Eppley accepted the UK trip, he testified that he did not know if a tour of the Thortex plant was part of the itinerary. (1) After the UK trip, when Eppley was interviewed by the Office of Inspector General, he (Eppley) stated that there was a plan to visit the Thortex plant on the UK trip, even though there was no such plan. k. In the time context of April -May, 2003, Eppley accepted Clarke's invitation for the UK trip while Brode's minutes, of which copies were supplied to Eppley, reflect that Brode complained about the drying time of Poly -Nox that was washing off of the Kinzua Bridge. (1) Brode's concerns about the Thortex warranty on Poly -Nox and a potential winter shut down due to the low temperatures /high humidity issue with Poly -Nox were also made in this time frame. (2) About three weeks after Eppley is listed as a guest on the UK itinerary, discussions occurred about switching the Kinzua Bridge coating to a VOC based product by DCNR. (A) Eppley testified that he would not do anything unless the design -build team could not solve the problem. The coating for the Kinzua Bridge was switched from VOC Poly -Nox to a Poly -Nox VOC based coating approximately one week before Eppley went on the UK trip with Clarke of Thortex, the manufacturer of Poly -Nox. m. Clarke never offered Eppley trips, lodging or formal gifts either before or Eppley, 04 -053 Page 18 after the Kinzua Bridge project. C. OTHER FACT FINDINGS 29. Eppley, as the Design Division Chief, Senior Civil Engineer Manager, in DCNR had an affirmative duty as the Project Manager for the Kinzua Bridge repairs to ensure that the repairs to the bridge would be completed expeditiously without delays and in a good and workmanlike manner with long lasting results. a. Project Manager Eppley made decisions not to intercede as to the Kinzua Bridge project even though he was apprised of the following problems with Poly -Nox: application problems in low temperatures; application problems in high humidity; Poly -Nox washing off after applied to bridge repair parts; promised 10 year warranty of Poly -Nox not provided; potential winter shut down of repair work due to problems with Poly -Nox; and a switch from Poly - Nox to a VOC Thortex product that would have environmental concerns. (1) Such actions by Eppley occurred during the time when he was offered and accepted the UK trip and thereafter, up to the actual time of the UK trip. 30. Eppley is not credible. a. Eppley was evasive and non - responsive to certain questioning during cross - examination. See, Fact Finding 28; NT 531 -567. b. Eppley made statements before different governmental bodies including this Commission where the statements were contradictory/inconsistent, including but not limited to: the nature of the UK trip as business, educational or pleasure; the payor of the trip as Clarke of Thortex or Yohe of RPT; the visit or not to a Thortex plant while on the UK trip; the propriety of taking the UK trip; and the non - reporting of the UK trip on the SFI. c. Several responses by Eppley to questions posed to him were non - plausible. See, Fact Finding 28. d. Eppley has made inconsistent /contradictory assertions. See, Fact Findings 18, 25, 26, 28. e. Eppley has admitted to making a false statement about his conduct in the context of this case. See, Fact Finding 15. D. DOCUMENTS 31. ID1 is a photocopy of a memo dated October 15, 2004 of John J. Contino, Executive Director authorizing a preliminary inquiry as to Eppley. 32. 1D2 is a photocopy of a memo dated December 10, 2004 of John J. Contino, Executive Director authorizing a full investigation of Eppley, docket number 04 -053. 33. 1D3 is a photocopy of a letter of John J. Contino, Executive Director dated December 10, 2004 giving Eppley notice of the commencement of the investigation with delineated allegations sent first class certified receipt U.S. mail. 34. 1D4 is a photocopy of a letter of John J. Contino, Executive Director dated December 1, 2005 giving Eppley amended notice of the commencement of the investigation with delineated allegations sent first class certified receipt U.S. mail. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 19 35. 1D6 is a photocopy of an Order of the State Ethics Commission issued on June 6, 2005 granting a 90 day extension as to the investigation of Eppley, 04 -053. 36. 1D7 is a photocopy of an Order of the State Ethics Commission issued on August 22, 2005 granting a second 90 day extension as to the investigation of Eppley, 04- 053. 37. 1D8 are photographs of 90 day status letters as to the investigation of Eppley, 04- 053. 38. The Investigative Division complied with the statutory time requirements of the Ethics Act as to completion of the preliminary inquiry, investigation, notices and issuance of the Investigative Complaint. 39. 1D9 is a photocopy of a job description of Eppley as a Senior Civil Engineer Manager in DCNR. a. Eppley has in part the following duties and responsibilities: manage the Bureau's design effort, establish design standards and manage the Bureau's design consultants; manage the activities and programs of the Design Division; develop division programs and assignments with consultation; establish, coordinate and implement inspection programs; supervise bridge inspection of vehicular bridges; supervise the forestry bridge program; supervise staff engineers; supervise drafting personnel; ensure the completion and processing of permits; participate in the preparation of plans and specifications for structural portions of bridges; handle administrative /personnel matters; provide expert witness testimony; evaluate educational training needs and courses; ensure that designs meet Bureau standards; and sign various contract and related documents. 40. ID10 consists of photocopies of Eppley's SFIs for the calendar years 1999 through 2003. a. The 2003 calendar year SFI was signed and dated by Eppley on April 28, 2004. (1) Eppley listed DCNR as a source of income in block 10. (2) Eppley listed "Surveying" with the position of "owner" in block 13 for Office, Directorship or Employment in any Business. (3) Eppley checked "None" for all other blocks of financial interests. 41. ID11 is a photocopy of invoices for the UK trip billed to Ray Clarke of Thortex America. a. The bill for eight passengers with tickets for two days at the British Open totaled $9,768. b. The total for eight passengers without golf tickets totaled $8,288, or $2,072 per couple. c. Roundtrip tickets for the UK trip from Philadelphia to London and return totaled $6,062.40 based upon a per passenger faire of $757.80. cf ID15. (1) The faire per couple was $1,515.60. Investigative Division Exhibit 18 Page No. Estimate # Estimate Period from Date to Date Eppley Signature Date of Eppley's Signature 2 0014 Final 11/16/03- 11/30/03 Yes 12/10/03 10 0013 10/16/06 - 10/31/03 Yes 11/10/03 13 0012 10/01/03 - 10/15/03 Yes 10/27/03 16 0011 9/16/03 - 9/30/03 Yes 10/20/03 18 010 9/1/03 - 9/15/03 Yes 9/22/03 21 010 9/1/03 - 9/15/03 Yes 9/22/03 25 009 8/16/03 - 8/31/03 Yes 9/11/03 30 008 8/1/03 - 8/15/03 Yes 8/20/03 37 007 7/1/03 - 7/15/03 Yes 8/3/03 42 006 6/16/03 - 6/30/03 Yes 7/11/03 43 006 6/16/03 - 6/30/03 Yes 7/8/03 44 006 6/16/03 - 6/30/03 Yes 7/8/03 47 005 6/1/03 - 6/15/03 Yes 6/26/03 52 004 5/16/03 - 5/31/03 56 003 5/1/03 - 5/15/03 61 002 4/16/03 - 4/30/03 Yes 5/15/03 Eppley, 04 -053 Page 20 d. Roundtrip tickets for the UK trip from New York to London and back totaled $2,112.90 based upon a per passenger faire of $704.30. e. Eppley and his spouse were on the round trip flight out of Philadelphia. 42. 1D12 is a photocopy of a National Rental Car receipt for the rental of a vehicle on July 23, 2003 from Logan International Airport in Boston to Philadelphia. a. The fee for the rental car was $190.02. (1) Half the fee was $95.01. 43. ID13 consists of two annual leave slips of Eppley from DCNR covering the dates July 14, 2003 to July 21, 2003 and for July 22, 2003. 44. 1D16 consists of a bill for the stay of Eppley and his spouse at the Manor House during the UK trip in the total amount of £736.90 ($1,167.81). 45. 1D17 consists of photocopies of sales slips and invoices as to Poly -Nox from Thortex America, Inc. used on the Kinzua Bridge project. a. The total cost of the Poly -Nox for the emergency phase of the bridge project was $14,233.64. 46. ID18 consists of photocopies of DCNR estimated progress reports for the Kinzua Bridge project. a. The reports contain estimates /payments of the contractor Brode. b. A representative from HRC and usually Eppley for DCNR signed off on the reports. 47. Eppley took the following actions as to DCNR Estimated Progress Report -Lump Sum regarding Agreement No. FDC 128 -2911, Project No. 0303 as to the Kinzua Bridge project where the description included Paint (Poly -Nox) at a listed fee of $18,980.63. 67 001 3/16/03 - 4/15/03 Yes 5/6/03 74 002 4/16/03 - 4/30/03 75 012 4/15/03 - 4/30/03 76 002 4/15/03 - 4/30/03 77 012 4/15/03 - 4/30/03 78 002 4/1/03 - 4/15/03 Yes 4/18/03 79 001 3/16/03 - 3/31/03 Yes 4/9/03 Eppley, 04 -053 Page 21 48. ID19 consists of photocopies of a series of minutes prepared by Brian D. Emberg of HRG for the Kinzua Bridge project. a. The minutes of the meeting on March 19, 2003 (ID19, pp 22 -24) reflect the following partial statements as to coating systems: At the request of Jim Eppley, Bill Yohe and Bob Foster made a presentation on a potential coating product that would be utilized to coat areas between existing steel and new repair plates, angles, and lacing bars. Mr. Yohe presented an overview of the product called "Poly -Nox" and reported that the product has a 15 year history and was originally designed for flexible structures, primarily support cables of suspension bridges. The product was reformulated in the mid 1990's and has zero VOCs and excellent flexibility. Mr. Yohe reported that Thortex America, Inc. had a corrosion engineer on site on March 18 to review the conditions and identified that the proposed application is ideal for the entire bridge, as well as the plate repairs, provided that the application of the repair coating conformed to the installation and application procedures identified by Thortex America, Inc. If the final installation procedures are followed, Thortex America, Inc. will warranty that the system will arrest the existing corrosion for coated areas for a 10 -year period. The area of concern for the limited warranty is the leading edge of the coating where uncoated existing corrosion will begin to creep beneath the leading edge of the coated surfaces. If the bridge is completely painted in the future, a new warranty will be issued which will cover the repaired areas. The corroded areas beneath the repair plates will also be subject to the 10 -year warranty; but, if the leading edge of the coatings are maintained or painted in the future, the areas beneath the plates should continue to arrest existing corrosion. The application specification also addressed the need for cold weather application in which the product could be applied at temperatures as low as 15° Fahrenheit with proper coating preheating. Id. 19, pp. 22 -23. b. The minutes of the meeting on April 2, 2003 provide in part as to the coating system for the Kinzua Bridge: Steven Brode identified that the drying time of the Poly -Nox product is severely hampered by low temperature /high humidity. These conditions occurred during the early part of this work week and, as a result, the recently applied paint system literally washed off the Eppley, 04 -053 Page 22 Id. 19, p. 26. c. The minutes of the April 14, 2003 meeting provide in part as to the Kinzua Bridge project coating system: W.M. Brode recommended that DCNR should request a copy of warranty language from Poly -Nox to verify the extent of the warranty promised for the project. Id. 19, p. 33. d. The minutes of the meeting on April 22, 2003 provide as to the coating system for the Kinzua Bridge repair project: Due to the low temperature /high humidity limitations of paint application, Steve Brode speculated that November through February will not be practical to paint and may delay the work during the winter, possibly requiring a winter shutdown. Id. 19, p. 29. e. The minutes of the May 29, 2003 meeting provide in part as to the project coating system: W.M. Brode recommended that DCNR should request a copy of warranty language from Poly -Nox to verify the extent of the warranty promised for the project. Id. 19, p. 37. f. The meeting minutes of July 3, 2003 note in part as to the bridge project: "Potential for winter shut downs [sic] due to paint complications." Id. 19, p. 44. g. structure. Attention to environmental conditions will be necessary during late winter /early spring and late fall /early winter conditions. Steve Brode reported that DCNR is investigating the possible use of a VOC based system for use during winter months that is not as temperature sensitive to avoid a winter shutdown. DCNR is currently evaluating the system information submitted by Poly -Nox. The July 8, 2003 meeting minutes contain the following commentary as to the Kinzua Bridge repair project: Steve Brode presented a technical sheet on a new paint product to be considered for wintertime work. The Thortex Product — "Polynox -WG" can be applied in temperatures down to 0 degrees Fahrenheit but has a 24 -hour initial set time and is water soluble. Additional concerns include flammability, VOC precautions, and environmental impacts. Steve Brode will contact Bill Yohe to investigate more details regarding Flammability precautions, Cure Time, Water Solubility in Eppley, 04 -053 Page 23 Cold weather, Protective equipment (respirators, gloves, etc.) Brian Emberg will investigate environmental precautions. Also Brian Emberg will draft a modified paint application procedure for submission to Thortex for approval that permits drilling through painted existing steel. Id. 19, p. 46 h. The July 29, 2003 minutes indicate a class F1 tornado hit the Kinzua Bridge on July 21, 2003 resulting in the collapse of a large portion of the structure. 49. 1D21 is a demonstrative chart reflecting a calculation by the Investigative Division of the costs that Clarke of Thortex America, Inc. expended on Eppley and his spouse for the UK trip. a. The calculation of the Investigative Division totals $4,850.32 as follows: Airline Tickets: $1,515.50* *This figure is incorrect and should be $1,515.60. See, Fact Finding 41 c. Expenses at Manor House Hotel: $1,167.81 Expenses for British Open and Lodging at Manor Tudor Country Park Hotel $2,072.00 1/2 car rental expense from Boston to Philadelphia $ 95.01 50. 1D24 is a printout of the U.S. Federal Reserve Bank of New York. a. The conversion rate for U.S. dollars to UK pounds on July 18, 2003 was 1.5867. 51. 1D25 is a printout from the Pennsylvania Department of State. a. Repair and Protection Technologies, Inc. is a Pennsylvania Business Corporation. (1) The filing date was March 11, 1997. (2) Raymond Clarke is the President. 52. The expenses paid by Clarke of Thortex for Eppley and his spouse for the UK trip totaled $4,850.42 ($1,515.60 + $2,072 + $1,167.81 + $95.01). See, Fact Findings 41, 42, 44. III. DISCUSSION: At all times relevant to this matter, the Respondent, James A. Eppley, hereinafter Eppley, has been a public employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law, Act 9 of 1989, Pamphlet Law 26, 65 P.S. § 401, et seq., as codified by the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act, Act 93 of 1998, Chapter 11, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., which Acts are referred to herein as the "Ethics Act." Eppley, 04 -053 Page 24 The allegations are that Eppley, as Senior Civil Engineer Managerforthe Bureau of Facility, Design & Construction for the Department of Conservation & Natural Resources ( "DCNR ") violated Sections 1103(a) and 1105(b) of the Ethics Act when he accepted an all expense paid trip to the United Kingdom (UK) from Thortex America, Inc. after he recommended that its product be used for a bridge repair project, and when he failed to disclose on a Statement of Financial Interest (SFI) filed for the 2003 calendar year the receipt of the trip to the UK as either a gift or as payment or reimbursement for transportation, lodging or hospitality. Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act quoted above, a public official /public employee is prohibited from engaging in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest. The term "conflict of interest" is defined under Act 93 of 1998 as follows: Section 1102. Definitions "Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public official or public employee of the authority of his office or employment or any confidential information received through his holding public office or employment for the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which includes the public official or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. 65 Pa. C. S. § 1102. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official /public employee from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. Section 1105. Statement of Financial Interests. (b) Required information. - - The statement shall include the following information for the prior calendar year with regard to the person required to file the statement. (6) The name and address of the source and the amount of any gift or gifts valued in the aggregate at $250 or more and the circumstances of each gift. This paragraph shall not apply to a gift or gifts received from a spouse, parent, parent by marriage, sibling, child, grandchild, other family member or friend when the circumstances make it clear that the motivation for the action was a personal or family relationship. However, for the purposes of this paragraph, the term "friend" shall not include a registered lobbyist or an employee of a registered lobbyist. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 25 (7) The name and address of the source and the amount of any payment for or reimbursement of actual expenses for transportation and lodging or hospitality received in connection with public office or employment where such actual expenses for transportation and lodging or hospitality exceed $650 in the course of a single occurrence. This paragraph shall not apply to expenses reimbursed by governmental body, or to expenses reimbursed by an organization or association of public officials or employees of political subdivisions which the public official or employee serves in an official capacity. 65 Pa.C.S. §1105(b). Section 1105(b)(6) of the Ethics Act quoted above requires that every public official /public employee and candidate list the name and address of the source and amount of any gift valued in the aggregate of $250 or more and the circumstances of each gift. Section 1105(b)(7) of the Ethics Act requires the filer to list the name and address of the source and the amount of any payment for or reimbursement of actual expenses for transportation /lodging /hospitality received in connection with public office or employment where such actual expenses exceed $650 in the course of a single occurrence. This disclosure requirement excludes expenses reimbursed by a governmental body or by an organization or association of public officials or employees of political subdivisions which the public official or employee serves in an official capacity. facts. Having noted the issues and applicable law, we shall now summarize the relevant Eppley has been an employee of the Commonwealth since July of 1973 and a Senior Civil Engineer in the Design Engineering Division in the Bureau of Facility and Design Construction of DCNR since 1991. Eppley has duties and responsibilities in his position that include but are not limited to the following: manage the Bureau's design effort; establish design standards; manage the Bureau's design consultants; manage the activities and programs of the Division; coordinate, implement and supervise inspection activities; supervise staff, engineers and other personnel; complete and process permits; and participate in the preparation of plans, specifications and the administration of DCNR projects. In the Fall of 2002, DCNR personnel became aware of a stability problem with the Kinzua Bridge that is located in a State Park within the Commonwealth. DCNR personnel, including Eppley, performed a cursory inspection of the Kinzua Bridge. DCNR retained the engineering firm of Herbert, Rowland & Grubic (HRG) to do a detailed inspection of the Kinzua Bridge. The inspections revealed that the Kinzua Bridge was in a deteriorated state to the point that it was unstable and subject to collapse in high wind situations. As a result, train traffic was initially barred from the bridge and then pedestrian traffic as well, thereby closing the bridge. Due to the precarious state of the Kinzua Bridge, it was determined that there should be a two phase process for repairs: in the first phase, emergency repairs would be made to stabilize the structure and in the second phase, repairs would be made to the whole structure followed by its painting. Since the initial repairs to stabilize the bridge had to be made immediately, emergency repairs were authorized by DCNR, thereby eliminating the time consuming bid process. The company of W.M. Brode Company was selected to be the general contractor in that it had good qualifications and experience in the area of maintenance, repairs and the Eppley, 04 -053 Page 26 replacement of all types of railroad structures. A sole source contract between DCNR and Brode was executed on February 4, 2003 as to the performance of the emergency repairs on the Kinzua Bridge. Although Eppley was not involved in the signing of the contract, he was designated by DCNR as the project manager. After Eppley learned that various steel plates and other repair pieces would be added to the bridge for stabilization, the concern existed that there should be some type of coating on the steel plates to inhibit rusting from contact with the existing structure. To that end, Eppley contacted Bob Foster who was an independent consultant and sales representative of Thortex Corporation. Foster told Eppley that Thortex had a product called Poly -Nox and that Eppley should meet with Bill Yohe, an employee of Thortex, who could provide Eppley with more information. Eppley met with Yohe to tour a New York job site where Poly -Nox was used. When a Kinzua Bridge status meeting was held on March 19, 2003, personnel from Brode, HRG and DCNR attended. Eppley invited Bill Yohe and Bob Foster of Thortex to make a Poly -Nox presentation at that meeting. Eppley did not invite representatives from any other competing companies. The representatives of Thortex portrayed Poly -Nox as an environmentally friendly metal coating that could be applied in low temperatures down to 15 °. The Thortex representatives also stated that Poly -Nox would have a 10 year warranty. Following the presentation by the Thortex representatives, Eppley solely made the decision to utilize Poly -Nox for the emergency repairs on the Kinzua Bridge. Brode then made a purchase of Poly -Nox for the emergency repair stage of the project. The delivery price of the Poly -Nox from Thortex to the bridge site was $14,008.64. Although that comprised the purchase of Poly -Nox for the emergency repair stage of the project, there was an expectation that Poly -Nox would be used for Phase 2, provided that there were no problems with its usage during Phase 1. See, Fact Finding 17n. However, problems arose with the application of the Poly -Nox during the emergency phase: application problems in low temperature, application problems in high humidity, adherence problems in washing off the bridge after application, no provision of the promised 10 year warranty, potential of a winter shutdown due to application problems of Poly -Nox and a switch to a VOC Thortex product that would have environmental concerns. The foregoing problems with Poly -Nox were conveyed to Eppley as project manager for the Kinzua Bridge project. However, Eppley took no action to deal with the various problems associated with Poly -Nox. During the pendency of the problems with Poly -Nox, Eppley received an invitation from the President of Thortex, Raymond Clarke, for an all expense paid trip to the UK for Eppley and his spouse. The initial invitation was made in the early part of April 2003 with the actual trip scheduled for July 14 through July 21, 2003. Parenthetically, due to flight problems, the trip extended into July 22, 2003. Ostensibly, the trip offer was made from Clarke to Eppley on the basis of their friendship. However, the record reflects that the typical indicia of a friendship did not exist in this case, that is, Eppley and Clarke never went to each other's homes, did not meet their spouses until the trip, did not know about each other's families, and had no prior (or past) history of gift giving. As to the UK trip itself, Eppley provided different statements as to the circumstances of the trip. For example, Eppley on different occasions characterized the trip as educational, for pleasure or for business. At one point according to Eppley, the trip was to include a tour of the Thortex plant; at another point there was not to be any tour. Eppley was inconsistent as to why he did not disclose the trip on the Governor's Code of Conduct financial disclosure form or the SFI. Similarly, Eppley was not consistent as to his explanations as to the propriety of taking such a trip offered by Thortex, given his decision to utilize the Thortex product, Poly -Nox, at the Kinzua Bridge site, and the numerous problems associated with Poly -Nox as to the bridge repair project. The inconsistencies of Eppley went so far as Eppley providing contrary statements as to who provided the UK trip: Eppley, 04 -053 Page 27 Clarke of Thortex or Yohe of Repair Protection Technologies (RPT). Although Eppley testified that RPT was Yohe's company, records of the Department of State establishes that Clarke is also the President of that company. As to the UK trip itself, Clarke of Thortex took a group of couples to the UK trip with an itinerary of the men playing golf and the women going on sight seeing trips in the UK. As noted, there was no tour of a Thortex plant. The air travel for Eppley and his spouse, as well as the lodging, meals and all expenses for the trip were paid by Clarke of Thortex. While Eppley was on the UK trip, a tornado occurred on July 21, 2003. The portion of the Kinzua Bridge that had not been reinforced collapsed due to the tornado. Given such circumstances, DCNR did not go any further with the Kinzua Bridge repair project. Eppley filed his SFI for the calendar year 2003 on April 28, 2004. Eppley listed DCNR as a source of income and surveying /owner for Office, Directorship or Employment in any Business. Eppley checked "none" for all other blocks of financial interest. See, Fact Finding 40. At a subsequent point in time, the Inspector General reviewed Eppley's conduct as to taking the all expense paid trip to the UK by Thortex vis -a -vis Eppley's position as project manager for the Kinzua Bridge project where the Thortex product Poly -Nox was utilized. Following a pre - disciplinary meeting in DCNR in August 2004, a decision was issued on September 3, 2004. The Investigative Division filed a Closing Statement raising the following: • Eppley, as DCNR's project manager for the Kinzua Bridge renovation project, supervised the conduct of all work on the bridge. • For the emergency repair phase of the Kinzua Bridge project, Eppley had the responsibility to review and select the contractors and materials for the project. • Eppley only invited representatives of Thortex, the manufacturer of Poly - Nox, to a Kinzua Bridge project team meeting regarding the coating for the bridge. • Eppley made the decision to use Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project. • The application of Poly -Nox to the Kinzua Bridge presented problems as to adherence, temperature sensitivity and humidity. • The use of Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project coincided with the offer of an all expense paid trip to the United Kingdom (UK) by Ray Clarke and Bill Yohe of Thortex America, Inc. to Eppley and his spouse. • Eppley never advised his supervisor that Thortex, the company he selected to supply the coating material for the Kinzua Bridge project, paid $4,850.32 [sic] for his and his spouse's trip to the UK. • Eppley accepted the UK trip from Thortex at the time when the Kinzua Bridge project team experienced problems with using Poly -Nox on the bridge. • Eppley used his DCNR position to obtain the UK trip and failed to disclose the trip, reflecting deliberative and intentional conduct on his part. • Eppley's receipt of the paid UK trip constituted a private pecuniary benefit. • Pecuniary benefits include labor, service, gifts that can be estimated or valued in money. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 28 • Use of authority of office constitutes some action by a public official that facilitates in some fashion the receipt of a financial gain. • The duties, powers and responsibilities performed by Eppley as a Senior Civil Engineer Manager in DCNR constituted uses of authority of office. • Eppley had a critical role as to all decisions regarding the Kinzua Bridge project, including the selection of Poly -Nox for coating the repairs on the Kinzua Bridge. • Eppley determined that Thortex's product, Poly -Nox, was the product to be used on the Kinzua Bridge. • Representatives of Thortex posited three reasons for using Poly -Nox: application in low temperatures, ten year warranty and volatile organic compound free product. • Eppley received copies of reports about problems with Poly -Nox — low temperature /high humidity, weather problems vis -a -vis its application and the non - receipt of a warranty — but Eppley took no action. • Even though Eppley received information that the problems with Poly -Nox could cause a winter shutdown in the Kinzua Bridge project, he took no action. • Although Eppley was proactive in selecting Poly -Nox, he ignored the problems that developed in utilizing the product. • By June 2003, all of the proffered benefits in using Poly -Nox did not exist. • When the time came to switch to a VOC product for the Kinzua Bridge project, Eppley did not consider any non - Thortex products. • During the time that the Kinzua Bridge project team experienced problems with Poly -Nox, Eppley accepted an all expense paid trip to the UK from Thortex President, Raymond Clarke. • The UK trip offer to Eppley occurred prior to May 9, 2003, that is, some time in April 2003. • Eppley received the trip invitation right after he selected Poly -Nox for use on the Kinzua Bridge project. • Thortex National Sales Representative William Yohe admitted that the UK trip is a way to strengthen business relationships. • The timing of the UK trip offer to Eppley corroborates Yohe's statement about generating sales and maintaining Thortex customers. • Clarke of Thortex anticipated that after the emergency phase of the Kinzua Bridge project, more bridge work would be obtained. • Yohe advised the Kinzua Bridge project team that Thortex would give a warranty only if the entire bridge would be painted. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 29 • Eppley never received gifts or trip invitations from Clark or Yohe either before or after the Kinzua Bridge project. • Some economic loss to the Commonwealth does not constitute a condition precedent for a violation of the Ethics Act. • Other Commission precedent, as for example, Hawes, Order 1263; Helsel, Order 801; Johnson, Order 1137; Shaner, Order 1163; Munford, Order 1390; and Espenshade, Order 1387 establishes violations of the Ethics Act when public officials /public employees receive gifts from persons who have ongoing contractual relationships with their governmental bodies. • Eppley intentionally attempted to conceal his acceptance of the UK trip from the company whose product Eppley selected for the Kinzua Bridge project. • When Eppley was questioned by the Office of Inspector General about the UK trip, Eppley falsely responded that the trip was educational in nature. • Eppley failed to disclose the UK trip on his SFI in an effort to conceal the gift from a vendor whose product Eppley selected for use by DCNR. • Eppley lacks credibility as is evidenced by his detailed testimony on direct examination and his vague, elusive testimony on cross - examination. • Eppley fabricated a story when he testified that it was not Clarke of Thortex but Yohe of Repair Protection Technologies who paid for the UK trip. • Eppley's failure to disclose the UK trip constituted an evasion of SFI reporting requirements and intentional action to conceal his conflict of interest. • Eppley filed his SFI nine months after the UK trip so that he had full knowledge that he did not pay for the trip. • Although Eppley argues that he did not have to report the trip in that it was a gift from a friend, the evidence establishes that there was no close, personal relationship between Eppley and Clarke. • The failure of Eppley and Clarke to spend time together on the UK trip negates the existence of any close personal relationship. • Eppley had a casual acquaintance with Clarke that was of a business nature. • For the Ethics Act violations that Eppley committed, the Commission should impose restitution and a treble penalty and also refer the case for criminal and disciplinary action. • Eppley's conduct constituted blatant, intentional actions that warrant the imposition of a treble penalty. • The Commission should order restitution of $4,850.32 [sic] plus treble penalty in the amount of $14,550.96 [sic]. • Eppley received supplemental compensation for performing public duties in derogation of the Administrative Code. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 30 • In addition to referral for review by law enforcement agencies, the case should be referred to DCNR and the Office of General Counsel for review and appropriate action. The Respondent has filed a Brief raising the following: • The Ethics Act does not support a violation based upon strict liability or passive culpability. • The Ethics Act requires clear and convincing proof for a violation. • For a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official must commit some improper act, citing McGuire v. State Ethics Commission, infra. • Violations of the Ethics Act occur through affirmative action by a public official to improperly misuse public office. • The Investigative Division failed to present clear and convincing evidence of violations as to the allegations. • Eppley did not solely decide to use Poly -Nox, the use of which was the result of a collective effort with Emberg and Brode. • Clarke invited Eppley to go on the UK trip because a couple slated for the trip backed out and because Clarke liked Eppley's company. • Clarke neither scheduled nor arranged the UK trip specifically for Eppley. • The Investigative Division failed to establish that Clarke of Thortex had an ongoing business relationship to sell Poly -Nox to the Commonwealth. • The evidence does not establish that Clarke had an expectation to supply Poly -Nox for the second phase of the Kinzua Bridge project. • The Investigative Division failed to establish that Eppley's acceptance of the UK trip from Clarke of Thortex was inappropriate. • The Investigative Division failed to establish that Clarke's decision to offer the UK trip to Eppley was for any reason other than personal friendship and the last minute cancellation by Crawford who was originally slated for the trip. • Contrary to the Commission's decision in Volpe, Order 579 -R, the evidence fails to establish that Clarke's decision to offer the paid UK trip to Eppley was done to secure Eppley's decision to use or continue to use Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project. • Clarke and Yohe both testified that Eppley did not ask for the UK trip or any kickback in return for his decision to use Poly -Nox. • Emberg and Brode testified that Eppley did not influence them as to the use of Poly -Nox during the emergency phase of the Kinzua Bridge project. • The minutes from the Kinzua Bridge project do not establish a use of authority of office by Eppley. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 31 • Perception or non - action does not rise to the level of a violation of the Ethics Act. • The acceptance of Clarke's offer for the UK trip by Eppley does not constitute a use of authority of office by Eppley as a public employee of the Commonwealth. • The Investigative Division failed to establish by clear and convincing proof that Eppley violated Section 1105(b)(6 -7) of the Ethics Act as to his failure to disclose the UK trip on his 2003 calendar year SFI. • SFI reporting of the UK trip was not required because it involved a gift from a friend, that is, Clarke who substituted Eppley and his spouse for the trip due to a last notice cancellation of another couple. • The Investigative Division failed to establish that the transportation and hospitality received by Eppley on the UK trip occurred in connection with public office or employment. • The Investigative Division failed to establish a violation of the Governor's Code of Conduct. • The Investigative Division failed to establish by clear and convincing proof that Eppley's acceptance of the UK trip constituted a misuse of authority of office as a DCNR Chief Engineer vis -a -vis his project manager status on the Kinzua Bridge project. Having summarized the above relevant facts, we must now determine whether the actions of Eppley violated Section(s) 1103(a) and 1105(b) of the Ethics Act. In applying the provisions of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in the instant matter, there were uses of authority of office on the part of Eppley. Eppley, as the DCNR Senior Civil Engineer Manager was the project manager for the Kinzua Bridge project. Eppley solely made the decision to use Poly -Nox as the coating during the emergency repair phase of the Kinzua Bridge project. Eppley took action by signing off on the DCNR estimated progress report /lump sum forms, both on April 9 and 18, 2003, that included Poly -Nox as the paint for the Kinzua Bridge project. Eppley, as project manager, made the decision to limit a presentation for coating materials at the March 19, 2003 Kinzua Bridge meeting to only Foster and Yohe who proffered Poly -Nox. Beginning on April 2, 2003, Eppley was provided with information about the numerous problems with Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project. Eppley repeatedly made decisions not to intercede as to the problems with Poly -Nox usage. All such actions by Eppley were uses of authority of office. See, Juliante, Order 809. The uses of authority of office on the part of Eppley resulted in a private pecuniary benefit consisting of an all expense paid trip to the UK for him and his spouse from Clarke of Thortex. The private pecuniary benefit totaling $4,850.42 consisted of the paid travel, lodging and other expenses on behalf of Eppley and his spouse. Accordingly, Eppley violated Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act when he used the authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit for himself and spouse in accepting an all expense paid trip to the UK by Raymond Clarke of Thortex, vis -a -vis Eppley's decision to utilize the Thortex product, Poly - Nox on the Kinzua Bridge repair project and to continue using that product despite its drawbacks. See, Espenshade, Order 1387; Shaner, Order 1163. Cf., Audit of Hanover Township School Dist., 265 Pa. 157 (1919). Eppley's arguments for no violations reduce to the following: Section 1103(a) violations require affirmative action by a public official, with passive culpability being Eppley, 04 -053 Page 32 insufficient; a violation requires clear and convincing proof; Eppley chose Poly -Nox as a result of a collective effort; Clarke did not offer the UK trip to Eppley based upon an expectation to supply Poly -Nox for phase two of the project or to strengthen an ongoing business relationship but rather out of friendship; Eppley did not (continue to) use Poly - Nox in return for the UK trip; and Eppley did not have to report the UK trip because the gift was from a friend. Before we address Eppley's arguments seriatim, we initially note that Eppley is not credible. See, Fact Finding 30. Eppley asserts that decisional law precludes the finding of a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act because Eppley took no affirmative action, citing McGuire v. State Ethics Commission, 657 A.2d 1346 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1995). The element of use of authority of public office /employment requires action by the public official /public employee that in some way facilitates receipt of compensation to which the public official /public employee is not entitled. See, McGuire, supra. In the instant matter, Eppley attempts to avoid accountability for his actions favoring Thortex by citing McGuire, supra, for the proposition that he did not "use" the authority of his public employment position in violation of the Ethics Act. However, we find the McGuire precedent to be inapplicable to Eppley. In McGuire, the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania determined that two authority board members did not "use" their public offices to obtain personal financial gain when they unknowingly and passively received unauthorized compensation based upon an erroneous payment practice that they did not participate in promulgating and that predated their service on the authority board. Relying on McGuire, supra, Eppley contends that his decision to use Poly -Nox occurred before he accepted the trip to the United Kingdom and that he did not "use" the authority of his public position thereafter. Eppley would have this Commission ignore the obvious fact that it was at the time that Respondent accepted the trip from Thortex that Eppley as project manager used the authority of his public position by choosing to ignore the serious problems that had developed with Poly -Nox. Eppley's "action" consisted of his refusal to perform his affirmative duty to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania to protect the interests of the Commonwealth by addressing these problems and, if necessary, choosing a different product. Eppley's decision to withhold performance of his affirmative duty to address the problems with Poly -Nox was itself an action, and that action stands in sharp contrast to the passive conduct in McGuire. Not only did Eppley make the sole decision to use Poly -Nox, he also approved the Brode Kinzua Bridge progress reports that included the purchase of Poly -Nox for use on the Kinzua Bridge project. Lastly, as noted, Eppley made the decision not to intercede after he was advised of the numerous problems with Poly -Nox as to the Kinzua Bridge project. Hence, there were uses of authority of office on the part of Eppley as to the application problems of Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge. The Investigative Division presented clear and convincing evidence that Eppley used the authority of office that resulted in the private pecuniary benefit to him and his spouse of the all expense paid trip to the UK by Clarke of Thortex. Eppley asserts that the decision to use Poly -Nox was a collective one. To the contrary, Eppley solely made the decision to use Poly -Nox. See, Fact Findings 9, 19, 24. Eppley subsequently signed off for DCNR for the "estimates" submitted by Brode that included Poly -Nox as the paint for the project. Finally, Eppley also made the decision to ignore the problems with Poly -Nox, thereby ensuring its continued use. Eppley, 04 -053 Page 33 Eppley's arguments, regarding any (lack of) expectation to supply Poly -Nox during the second phase of the Kinzua Bridge project or any ongoing business relationship with Clarke, are not supported by the record. The record establishes that Eppley solely made the decision to use Poly -Nox, sign Brode's project estimates that included Poly -Nox and consciously ignore the numerous problems with Poly -Nox. Eppley's conscious failure to take particular action that was affirmatively required of him by the very duties of his position was a use of authority of office that occurred at the time when Eppley accepted Clarke's invitation for the UK trip and made the decision not to intercede despite the numerous complaints he received about the inadequacies of using Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge project. This case may be simply understood by posing and then answering two questions: (1) why did Clarke offer the UK trip to Eppley and (2) why did Eppley act the way he did on the Kinzua Bridge project after learning of the problems with Poly -Nox? As to the first question, Clarke stated that he anticipated also supplying Poly -Nox for phase two of the bridge project and Yohe stated that the UK trips are a means of strengthening business relationships. See, Fact Findings 22j, 23h. The answer to the first question is the trip was offered for business reasons, not friendship. As to the second question, Eppley accepted the UK trip and chose not to use Rust -O -Leum or some other non - Thortex product to remedy the existing problems with Poly -Nox. The answer to the second question is Eppley was cognizant of his benefactor (Clarke) when he (Eppley) chose not to deal with the problems associated with Poly -Nox. Simply understood, this case is about one hand washing the other at the expense of the public trust. As to Section 1105(b) of the Ethics Act, the record establishes that as to the 2003 calendar year SFI filing by Eppley, he made no disclosures other than DCNR as a source of income and his ownership as to a surveying business. Eppley received a gift from Clarke of Thortex consisting of the all expense paid trip to the UK. The gift exceeded the $250 threshold of the Ethics Act. Accordingly, Eppley violated Section 1105(b) of the Ethics Act when he failed to disclose an all expense paid UK trip from Clarke of Thortex on his SFI for the calendar year 2003. The argument by Eppley that he did not have to disclose the trip on the basis that it was a gift from a friend is unavailing. Although Section 1105(b)(6) provides an exclusion as to gifts received from a spouse, parent, parent by marriage, sibling, child, grandchild, other family member or friend, the exclusion does not apply for two reasons. First, Clarke and Eppley are not friends. To the contrary, the evidence of record establishes that there is no friendship relationship as contemplated by Section 1105(b)(6). Second, the evidence establishes that the circumstance of the gift was not motivated by friendship but rather as a means to continue a business relationship. See, Fact Findings 22j, 23h. If Eppley has not already done so, he is directed to file an amended SFI for the 2003 calendar year listing the UK trip from Clarke of Thortex within 30 days of the date of issuance of this Order with the original filed at DCNR and a copy filed with this Commission for compliance verification purposes. Section 1107(13) of the Ethics Act empowers this Commission to impose restitution in instances where a public official /public employee has obtained a financial gain in violation of the Ethics Act. Restitution is warranted in this case in the amount of $4,850.42. See, Fact Finding 52. Accordingly, Eppley is directed within 30 days of the date of mailing of this Order to make payment in the amount of $4,850.42 to the Pennsylvania State Treasury through this Commission. Non - compliance will result in the institution of an order enforcement action. IV. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW: Eppley, 04 -053 Page 34 1. James A. Eppley, as a Senior Civil Engineer Manager in the Department of Conservation & Natural Resources, is a public employee subject to the provisions of Act 9 of 1989 as codified by Act 93 of 1998. 2. Eppley violated Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act when he used the authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit for himself and spouse in accepting an all expense paid trip to the UK from Raymond Clarke of Thortex, vis -a -vis Eppley's decision to utilize the Thortex product, Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge repair project and to continue using that product despite its drawbacks. 3. Eppley violated Section 1105(b) of the Ethics Act when he failed to disclose an all expense paid UK trip from Clarke of Thortex on his SFI for the calendar year 2003. In Re: James A. Eppley, Respondent, ORDER NO. 1419 File Docket: 04 -053 Date Decided: 10/4/2006 Date Mailed: 10/20/2006 1 James A. Eppley, as a Senior Civil Engineer Manager in the Department of Conservation & Natural Resources, violated Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act when he used the authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit for himself and spouse in accepting an all expense paid trip to the UK from Raymond Clarke of Thortex, vis -a -vis Eppley's decision to utilize the Thortex product, Poly -Nox on the Kinzua Bridge repair project and to continue using that product despite its drawbacks. 2. Eppley violated Section 1105(b) of the Ethics Act when he failed to disclose an all expense paid UK trip from Clarke of Thortex on his SFI for the calendar year 2003. 3. If Eppley has not already done so, he is directed to file an amended SFI for the 2003 calendar year listing the UK trip from Clarke of Thortex within 30 days of the date of issuance of this Order with the original filed at DCNR and a copy filed with this Commission for compliance verification purposes. 4. Eppley is directed within 30 days of the date of mailing of this Order to make payment in the amount of $4,850.42 to the Pennsylvania State Treasury through this Commission. Non - compliance will result in the institution of an order enforcement action. BY THE COMMISSION, Louis W. Fryman, Chair