HomeMy WebLinkAbout06-562 DeLucaGregory E. DeLuca, Chairman
Hanover Township Supervisors
P.O. Box 505
Clinton, PA 15026
Dear Mr. DeLuca:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 2, 2006
06 -562
This responds to your letter we received on May 3, 2006, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a township
supervisor on a three- member board with regard to seconding a motion on a conditional
use request for his property where: (1) the non - conflicted supervisor makes the motion;
and (2) one supervisor is absent from the meeting.
Facts: You are Chairman of the three - member Board of Supervisors for Hanover
Township ( "Township "), Beaver County. You state that one of the Supervisors lost
power in December 2005, has not attended a meeting since that time and has stated
that he will not attend any meetings for the remainder of his term. Given these
circumstances, you ask whether you make second a motion made by another
supervisor to approve a conditional use request for your personal property.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Township Supervisor, you are a "public official" as that term is defined in the
Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
DeLuca, 06 -562
June 2, 2006
Page 2
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
DeLuca, 06 -562
June 2, 2006
Page 3
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(f).
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an
"open and public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental body.
Pursuant to Section 1103(f), an "open and public process" includes:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act also requires that the public official /employee
may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
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June 2, 2006
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65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official/
public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In the instant matter, if you would financially benefit as a result of the Board
approving the Conditional Use request for your property, you would have a conflict of
interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in participating matters relative to that
request. In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain and to fully
satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. Where a
conflict would exist under the Ethics Act, you would still be permitted to participate under
certain limited circumstances as enunciated in Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. In
Garner, Opinion 93 -004, the Commission considered the issue of whether, under
Section 30) of the Ethics Law, a supervisor on a three member board would be
permitted to second a motion even if he had a conflict where the two remaining
supervisors would have opposing views or where one of the remaining two members
would be absent from the meeting.
Citing Juliante, Order 809, the Commission first noted that seconding a motion is
a use of authority of office. Hence an individual with a conflict would not be permitted to
participate, make a motion, second a motion, or vote. See, Garner, supra. However,
the Commission also stated:
[T]he General Assembly in enacting Section 3(j) would not have
allowed a public official /employee on a three member board who has a
conflict to be able to vote unless a second to the motion could be made so
that the matter would be in the posture for a vote. Thus, we believe that
since there is a need for a second to a motion in order to make Section
3(j) of the Ethics Law operative, the General Assembly intended as to
three members [sic] boards for the public official with a conflict to be
allowed to second so that if the other supervisors became deadlocked, the
public official could then vote provided the disclosure requirements are
satisfied.
Garner, at 6.
In light of the foregoing, the Commission concluded that Section 3(j) of the Ethics
Law does allow an individual to second a motion where the two remaining supervisors
have opposing views or where one of the other two supervisors is absent. The
Commission emphasized that its ruling was expressly limited in its application to three
member boards and to the question of seconding a motion.
DeLuca, 06 -562
June 2, 2006
Page 5
In applying Garner to the submitted facts, you are advised that under Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act, you would be permitted to second a motion only in a situation
where: (1) the two remaining Supervisors would have opposing views; or (2) one of the
other two Supervisors would be absent from the meeting. Allowing you to second the
motion in either of the above scenarios would put the matter in a posture for a vote.
Although you would be permitted to second the motion, you would still have a
conflict of interest in voting on the conditional use request under Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act. Voting on the conditional use request would only be permissible in a
situation where the remaining two Supervisors would cast opposing votes, in which
case, you could vote to break the tie provided you would make the proper disclosures
under Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. However, given your statement that one of the
supervisors will not attend any meetings for the remainder of his term, this provision of
Section 1103(j) will not become operable.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: As a Supervisor for Hanover Township ( "Township "), you are a "public
official" subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. If you would financially benefit as a result of the Board
approving the Conditional Use request for your property, you would have a conflict of
interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in participating matters relative to that
request. In each instance of a conflict you would be required to abstain and to fully
satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. Where a
conflict would exist under the Ethics Act, you would still be permitted to participate under
certain limited circumstances as enunciated in Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. .
Under Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act, you would be permitted to second a motion only
in a situation where: (1) the two remaining Supervisors would have opposing views; or
(2) one of the other two Supervisors would be absent from the meeting. Allowing you to
second the motion in either of the above scenarios would put the matter in a posture for
a vote. Although you would be permitted to second the motion, you would still have a
conflict of interest in voting on the conditional use request under Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act. Voting on the conditional use request would only be permissible in a
situation where the remaining two Supervisors would cast opposing votes, in which
case, you could vote to break the tie provided you would make the proper disclosures
under Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. However, given your statement that one of the
supervisors will not attend any meetings for the remainder of his term, this provision of
Section 1103(j) will not become operable. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
DeLuca, 06 -562
June 2, 2006
Page 6
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel