HomeMy WebLinkAbout06-543 FreemanThomas W. Freeman
317 Walnut Street
Ligonier, PA 15658
Dear Mr. Freeman:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 10, 2006
06 -543
This responds to your letter of March 2, 2006, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough
councilmember who is employed by a municipal authority as to voting on the possible
purchase from the borough of its water and sewer systems by the municipal authority.
Facts: As a Fire Hydrant Maintenance Man with the Municipal Authority of
Westmoreland County (MAWC), you seek an advisory from the State Ethics
Commission. You have submitted the following facts which may be fairly summarized
as follows.
Your position as a Fire Hydrant Maintenance Man for MAWC is a union
position and your wages are set by contract on a periodic basis through a
labor /management negotiating process. You are not a member of your union's contract
negotiating team.
You also are a Council Member for the Borough of Ligonier (Borough),
Westmoreland County. MAWC may make an offer to purchase the Borough's water and
sewage systems.
You ask whether you may participate under the Ethics Act in the process
of the purchase of the Borough water and sewer systems by MAWC
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
Freeman, 06 -543
April 10, 2006
Page 2
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Councilmember for the Borough, you are a public official as that term is
defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
Freeman, 06 -543
April 10, 2006
Page 3
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official/
public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he or a member of his immediate family is associated. Thus, if by participating as a
Borough Councilmember on the proposed purchase of the water /sewer systems by
MAWC whereby you would receive a financial gain, as for example, higher wages or
longer working hours as a MAWC employee, you would have a conflict, could not
participate and would have to observe the disclosure requirement of Section 1103(j).
However, if there would be no financial gain to yourself, an immediate family member or
business with which you are associated, Section 1103(a) would not prohibit you as a
Borough Councilmember from participating in the purchase of the Borough sewer /water
systems by MAWC.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Councilmember for Ligonier Borough, you are a public official subject
to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. If there would be no financial gain to yourself, an immediate
family member or business with which you are associated, Section 1103(a) would not
prohibit you as a Borough Councilmember from participating in the purchase of the
Borough sewer /water systems by the municipal authority wherein you are employed.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
Freeman, 06 -543
April 10, 2006
Page 4
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel