HomeMy WebLinkAbout06-534 GenitsJoseph Genits
10 Edgemont Road
Lansford, PA 18232 -1203
Dear Mr. Genits:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 28, 2006
06 -534
Re: Simultaneous Service, Borough Council Member and Code Enforcement Officer;
Service Without Compensation; Payment /Reimbursement of Expenses.
This responds to your letter of February 20, 2006, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any prohibition or restrictions upon you with regard
to simultaneously serving as a Borough Council Member and as the Borough Code
Enforcement Officer where you would serve in both of the aforesaid positions without
receiving any compensation, but you might receive payment /reimbursement of expenses
incurred as Code Enforcement officer.
Facts: As a Borough Council Member and the appointed Code Official (Code
Enforcement Officer) of the Borough of Lansford ( "Borough "), you seek an advisory from
the State Ethics Commission. You have submitted facts, the material portions of which
may be fairly summarized as follows.
At the August 16, 2005, Borough Council meeting, you were appointed to the
position of Code Enforcement Officer to enforce the Borough ordinance that had previously
adopted the BOCA National Property Maintenance Code of 1996, fifth edition ( "BOCA
Code "). You state that you were appointed to this position without pay or compensation.
On January 3, 2006, you took office as an elected Borough Council Member. At
that time, you also declined compensation for serving as a Borough Council Member. You
state that you continue to serve as a Borough Council Member and as the Code
Enforcement Officer without pay.
It is noted that you have submitted copies of the following documents: (1) a portion
of the minutes of Borough Council pertaining to your appointment to the non - compensated
position of Code Enforcement Officer, which states that all expenses incurred are to be
paid by the Borough; (2) a letter to you from the Borough Secretary /Treasurer dated
August 18, 2005, acknowledging your appointment as Code Enforcement Officer without
compensation and noting that all expenses incurred are to be paid by the Borough; (3) a
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March 28, 2006
Page 2
portion of the minutes of Borough Council pertaining to your resignation as Borough Mayor
and your declination of a salary for your position as Council Member; (4) Sections 1101
through 1104 of the Borough Code; (5) Borough Ordinance 98 -3, approved May 5, 1998;
(5) a portion of the BOCA Code pertaining to the duties and powers of the Code Official;
and (6) Statements of Financial Interests that you filed for the 2004 and 2005 calendar
years.
You state that the Borough has a population of 4,430. After referencing Section
1104 of the Borough Code pertaining to appointments and incompatible offices, you ask
whether, based upon the submitted facts, you may simultaneously serve as a Borough
Council Member and the Borough Code Enforcement Officer.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is further noted that, pursuant to the same aforesaid Sections of the Ethics Act, an
opinion /advice may be given only as to prospective (future) conduct. If the activity in
question has already occurred, the Commission may not issue an opinion /advice, but any
person may then submit a signed and sworn complaint, which will be investigated by the
Commission if there are allegations of Ethics Act violations by a person who is subject to
the Ethics Act. To the extent you have inquired as to conduct that has already occurred,
such past conduct may not be addressed in the context of an advisory opinion. However,
to the extent you have inquired as to future conduct, your inquiry may and shall be
addressed.
As a Borough Council Member and the Borough Code Enforcement Officer, you are
a "public official" subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa.
Code § 11.1.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted Activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
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March 28, 2006
Page 3
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two members
of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the member
who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Subject to certain voting conflict exceptions, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act
requires a public official /public employee with a conflict of interest to abstain and to
publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written
memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, § 2. In this case, the
applicable statutes to be reviewed include the Borough Code and the Pennsylvania
Construction Code Act, 35 P.S. § 7210.101 et seq.
The Borough Code provides, in pertinent part, as follows:
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March 28, 2006
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§ 46104. Appointments; incompatible offices
Unless there is incompatibility in fact, any elective or
appointive officer of the borough shall be eligible to serve on
any board, commission, bureau or other agency created by or
for the borough, or any borough office created or authorized by
statute and may accept appointments thereunder, but no
mayor or member of council shall receive compensation
therefor. No elected borough official of a borough with a
population of 3,000 or more may serve as an employe of that
borough. Where there is no incompatibility in fact, and subject
to the foregoing provisions as to compensation, appointees of
council may hold two or more appointive borough offices, but
no mayor or member of council may serve as borough
manager or as secretary or treasurer. . Nothing herein
contained shall affect the eligibility of any borough official to
hold any other public office or receive compensation therefor. .
53 P.S. § 46104 (Emphasis added).
The Pennsylvania Construction Code Act refers to code enforcement officers as
"code administrators." 35 P.S. § 7210.103. The term "code administrator" includes "[a]
municipal code official, a construction code official, a third -party agency or the Department
of Labor and Industry." Id. The Pennsylvania Construction Code Act provides that a
municipality may: (1) designate an employee to serve as the municipal code official to act
on behalf of the municipality for administration and enforcement; (2) retain one or more
construction code officials or third -party agencies to act on behalf of the municipality for
administration and enforcement; (3) enter into an intermunicipal agreement providing for
joint administration and enforcement; (4) contract with the proper authorities of another
municipality to secure administration and enforcement services; or (5) enter into an
agreement with the Pennsylvania Department of Labor and Industry for plan reviews,
inspections and enforcement as to certain types of structures. 35 P.S. § 7210.501(b). The
Pennsylvania Construction Code Act specifically prohibits members of a municipality's
governing board from serving as members of the board of appeals that hears appeals from
decisions of the code administrator. 35 P.S. § 7210.501(c)(1). However, there does not
appear to be any provision in the Pennsylvania Construction Code Act that would prohibit
a member of a municipality's governing board from serving as the municipality's code
administrator.
In considering the aforesaid relevant provisions of the Borough Code and the
Pennsylvania Construction Code Act, there does not appear to be any prohibition that
would preclude you from simultaneously serving as a Borough Council Member and as the
Borough Code Enforcement Officer where you would be serving in both positions without
compensation. This Advice is conditioned upon the assumption that any expenses for
which the Borough would reimburse you would be limited to reasonable and necessary
actual expenses. (See, Smith, Opinion 04 -014 and Moore, Opinion 04 -004 (it would not be
a pecuniary benefit for a public official to receive reimbursement for reasonable and
necessary actual expenses).
Furthermore, based upon the facts that have been submitted, there does not appear
to be an inherent conflict under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act that would preclude your
simultaneous service as a Borough Council Member and as the Borough Code
Enforcement Officer. (See, McCain, Opinion 02 -009).
Absent a statutorily - declared incompatibility or an inherent conflict under Section
1103(a), the Ethics Act would not preclude you from simultaneously serving in the
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March 28, 2006
Page 5
aforesaid positions without compensation, but in each instance of a conflict of interest, you
would be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j)
as set forth above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Borough Council Member for the Borough of Lansford ( "Borough ") and
the Borough Code Enforcement Officer, you are a "public official" subject to the provisions
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
Subject to the restrictions, conditions and qualifications set forth above, you may,
consistent with Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, simultaneously serve in the positions of
Borough Council Member and Borough Code Enforcement Officer where you would be
serving in both positions without compensation. This Advice is conditioned upon the
assumption that any expenses for which the Borough would reimburse you would be
limited to reasonable and necessary actual expenses. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h)_ The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel