HomeMy WebLinkAbout06-514 CONFIDENTIALADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 14, 2006
06 -514
Re: Simultaneous Service, Township Supervisor and Part-Time A for Another Township.
This responds to your letters of January 4, 2006, and January 20, 2006, by which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any prohibition or restrictions upon a township
supervisor with regard to simultaneously being employed as a part -time A in another
township that provides B services to the township in which the supervisor has been
elected.
Facts: As a Supervisor for Township C, you seek a confidential advisory from
the State Ethics Commission. You have submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as
follows.
Township C contracts with Township D for B services. The Township D B
Department serves five (5) municipalities through a cooperative agreement and ordinance.
Township D retains control over the B Department with the four other municipalities only
having input during budget time or when the B Department purchases a new E. The final
decisions relevant to the B Department are at the sole discretion of Township D.
Approximately [number] years ago, a motion was made at a public meeting of the
Board of Supervisors of Township D to hire you as a part -time A. The motion carried and
the Township D Board of Supervisors unanimously voted to hire you to that position. As an
A, you [description of job duties] within Township C as a routine part of your shift duties.
In [month, year], you were elected Supervisor for Township C. You took office in
[month, year]. Another Supervisor in Township C has questioned whether it is legal for
you to hold the positions of Supervisor in Township C and part -time A in Township D.
Referencing the Second Class Township Code restrictions at 53 P.S. § 65403(b),
you state that your position as a part -time A for Township D is not an appointed position
within Township C. You further state that your position within Township D is not an
appointed position. Therefore, it is your view that you may lawfully simultaneously serve in
the aforesaid positions. However, you seek guidance from the State Ethics Commission
on this issue.
Confidential Advice, 06 -514
February 14, 2006
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Supervisor for Township C, you are a "public official" subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted Activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two members
of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the member
who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
Confidential Advice, 06 -514
February 14, 2006
Page 3
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Subject to certain voting conflict exceptions, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act
requires a public official /public employee with a conflict of interest to abstain and to
publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written
memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, §2. The Second Class
Township Code provides, in part: "Except as otherwise provided in this act, no supervisor
shall at the same time hold any other elective or appointive township office or position...."
53 P.S. § 65403(b). The State Ethics Commission does not have the statutory jurisdiction
to interpret the Second Class Township Code. However, for purposes of applying the
Ethics Act to the facts that you have presented, there does not appear to be any
statutorily - declared incompatibility precluding simultaneous service in the positions in
question.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office /employment or confidential information received by holding such a public position for
the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, a member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated. Should a situation arise where the use of authority of office or confidential
information could result in a prohibited private pecuniary benefit, a conflict of interest
would arise. In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain from
participating and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics
Act.
Where simultaneous service would place the public official /public employee in a
continual state of conflict, such as where in one position he would be accounting to himself
in another position on a continual basis, there would be an inherent conflict. (See,
McCain, Opinion 02 -009). Where an inherent conflict would exist, it would appear to be
impossible, as a practical matter, for the public official /public employee to function in the
conflicting positions without running afoul of Section 1103(a).
Absent a statutorily - declared incompatibility or an inherent conflict under Section
1103(a), the Ethics Act would not preclude an individual from simultaneously serving in
Confidential Advice, 06 -514
February 14, 2006
Page 4
more than one position, but in each instance of a conflict of interest, the individual would
be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as set
forth above.
In this case, based upon the facts that have been submitted, there does not appear
to be an inherent conflict that would preclude simultaneous service as a Supervisor for
Township C and a part -time A for Township D. Consequently, such simultaneous service
would be permitted within the parameters of Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j).
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Supervisor for Township C, you are a "public official" subject to
the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §
1101 et seq. You may, consistent with Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, simultaneously
serve in the positions of Supervisor for Township C and part -time A for Township D,
subject to the restrictions, conditions and qualifications set forth above. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa.Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel