HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-587 McGrory, Jr.ADVICE OF COUNSEL
Joseph J. McGrory, Jr., Esquire
Hamburg, Rubin, Mullin, Maxwell & Lupin
ACTS Center -Blue Bell
375 Morris Road
P.O. Box 1479
Lansdale, PA 19446 -0773
October 26, 2005
05 -587
Re: Public Official /Public Employee; Solicitor; Retained /Employed; Conflict of
Interest.
Dear Mr. McGrory:
This responds to your letter of August 26, 2005, having been received by the
Legal Division of the State Ethics Commission on October 3, 2005, by which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a municipal solicitor who is retained
by - as opposed to being an employee of - the governmental body, with regard to
matters brought before the municipality involving the private firm that employs the
solicitor or the firm's clients.
Facts: You are currently employed by a private law firm (the "Firm "). You are
contemplating accepting an appointment to the position of Solicitor of Limerick
Township ( "Township "), Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.
You state that attorneys and clients of the Firm will be bringing matters before the
Board. When matters brought before the Board involve the Firm, the Board will utilize a
separate attorney from an unrelated independent law firm to represent the Township.
You state that you personally will not be bringing any matters before the Board.
You have submitted a copy of a letter that you wrote to the Ethics Committee of
the Pennsylvania Bar Association ( "PBA ") and PBA's written response to you regarding
the propriety of the proposed arrangement described above. On the suggestion of the
PBA, you seek confirmation from the State Ethics Commission that you will not be
transgressing the Ethics Act.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
McGrory, 05 -587
October 26, 2005
Page 2
been submitted. It is the burden of the re uester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §1107(10), (11). . An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In 1997 and 1999, the status of Solicitors under the Ethics Act was clarified by
certain rulings of the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania and the Supreme Court of
Pennsylvania.
In P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1997), the
Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania held, inter alia, that the conflict of interest
provisions of the Ethics Act do apply to solicitors who are public employees and are not
just on retainer. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania subsequently affirmed the
Commonwealth Court's decision in the P.J.S. case. P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission,
555 Pa. 149, 723 A.2d 174 (1999).
However, in C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, 698 A.2d 155 (Pa. Cmwlth.
1997), based upon an analysis of prior precedents including Ballou v. State Ethics
Commission, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A.2d 186 1981), Maunus v. State Ethics Commission,
518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324 (1988), and .J.S v. State Ethics Commission, 669 A.2d
1105 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1996), the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania determined that a
municipal Solicitor who is retained by —as opposed to being an employee of— the
municipality is not a "public official" or "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act
and therefore is not subject to the conflict of interest provisions of the Ethics Act. The
Court stated:
. [T]his court pointed out in P.J.S. that the General Assembly did not
add or include "solicitors" in its definitions of "public employees" or "public
officials" whose conduct is regulated by section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id. As
such, this court stated that it could not conclude that it was clearly the
General Assembly's intent to include "solicitors," who are not normally full -
time public employees, but more like consultants, among the class of
persons required to comply with the regulations regarding ethical and
professional conduct under section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id.
Based upon our review of the pleadings in this case and our
analysis of Ballou, Maunus and P.J.S., we conclude that CPC's conduct is
not governed by the provisions of the Ethics Act and that he is not subject
to the jurisdiction of the Commission.
C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, supra, 698 A.2d at 159. The Court further stated, in
a footnote:
We note that on July 3, 1997, this court issued its decision in P.J.S.
v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Commw. Ct.
1997) (P.J.S. 11), this court reiterated that the conflict of interest provisions
of section 3 of the Ethics Act apply to solicitors who are public employees
and not just on retainer. P.J.S. was hired as a full -time solicitor for the City
of Erie, was placed on the City payroll, was paid a salary and received the
same benefits as other employees of the City. Like the Commonwealth
attorneys in Maunus, P.J.S.'s status with the City was that of an employee
rather than a consultant on retainer or an independent contractor.
Accordingly, this court determined that P.J.S. was a public employee who
was covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
The present case is distinguishable from P.J.S. 11 in that CPC is not
a full -time, salaried employee of the borough who receives the same
McGrory, 05 -587
October 26, 2005
Page 3
benefits as other borough employees. Rather, CPC is a legal advisor or
consultant on retainer to the borough. As such, his conduct is not covered
by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
Id. at Note 10.
The State Ethics Commission filed a Petition for Allowance of Appeal in the
C.P.C. case, which Petition was denied by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. See,
550 Pa. 686, 704 A.2d 640 (1997).
The facts that you have submitted indicate that as Solicitor of Limerick Township,
Montgomery County, you would not be an employee of the said governmental body, but
rather, you would be retained. Therefore, based upon C.P.C., supra, you would not be
considered a "public official" or a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and
specifically, Section 1103(a) (conflict of interest provision) of the Ethics Act.
However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of Financial Interests. 65
Pa.C.S. 1104 a); Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002; see also, P.J.S. v. State Ethics
Commission, 555 Pa. 149, 723 A.2d 174 (1999), supra, (intent of amendment to Section
404, now Section 1104, of the Ethics Act was to include solicitors who are not
employees of the governmental units they serve within the scope of the Ethics Act's
financial disclosure provisions).
Therefore, you would be required to file Statements of Financial Interests
providing full disclosure as required by the Ethics Act, each year the aforesaid position
as Solicitor is held and the year following termination of service in said position.
Moreover, it is the State Ethics Commission's view that every "person" is subject
to Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act. Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Section 1103(b) of the
Ethics Act essentially provides that no "person" shall offer or give to a public official,
public employee, or nominee or candidate for public office, or to a member of such an
individual's immediate family, or to a business with which such an individual is
associated, anything of monetary value based upon the offeror's /donor's understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official, public employee, or
nominee or candidate for public office would be influenced thereby. The State Ethics
Commission has held that a Solicitor, though not himself a public official/ public
employee, may not engage in such conduct in his capacity as a "person." Foster,
supra. Of course, reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that
there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete
response to your inquiry in Tight of the aforesaid developments in case law.
Based upon the above, your specific inquiry as to the propriety of the proposed
arrangement need not be addressed.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that as Solicitor of Limerick Township,
Montgomery County, you would be retained by - as opposed to being an employee of —
Limerick Township, you would not be considered a public official /public employee
subject to the Ethics Act. Consequently, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not
apply to you in the said capacity as Solicitor. However, all Solicitors are required to file
Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to Sections 1104 and 1105 of the Ethics Act.
Furthermore, Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act applies to all "persons" including
"persons" who happen to be Solicitors, regardless of whether they are public
McGrory, 05 -587
October 26, 2005
Page 4
officials /public employees. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel