HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-586 BuntingRedding Bunting
71 Woodvale Street
Dunbar, PA 15431
Dear Mr. Bunting:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 24, 2005
05 -586
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Assistant Secretary- Treasurer of Municipal
Authority; Applicant; Distribution Manager for the Authority; Bassi, Opinion 86-
007-R; Woodrinq, Opinion 90 -001.
This responds to your letter of September 21, 2005, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an assistant
secretary /treasurer for a municipal authority with regard to participating in the hiring of a
distribution manager for the authority.
Facts: As Assistant Secretary- Treasurer of the Board of Directors of the North
Fayette County Municipal Authority ("Authority"), you seek an advisory from the State
Ethics Commission based upon the following submitted facts.
The Authority is currently requesting applications for the position of Distribution
Manager. You state that the Authority will publicize the vacancy in the local newspaper
and with PA Career Links.
After the General Manager and Distribution Manager of the Authority screen the
applicants and agree on five prospective candidates, the Personnel Committee will
interview those five candidates and administer a test to each one. The results of the
test and the interview will determine which three of the five candidates will be presented
to the Board for consideration. Prior to presentation to the Board, the final three
candidates will also undergo a physical, drug /alcohol screening and a criminal
background check.
You are interested in applying for the position of Distribution Manager. You seek
guidance as to the prohibitions and restrictions that would apply to you during the hiring
process.
Bunting, 05 -586
October 24, 2005
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is assumed for purposes of this advisory that as Assistant Secretary- Treasurer
of the Board of Directors of the North Fayette County Municipal Authority (`Authority "),
you are an Authority Board member, and thus, a public official subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Bunting, 05 -586
October 24, 2005
Page 3
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official / public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In applying the Ethics Act to the facts that you have submitted, you are advised
that as Assistant Secretary- Treasurer of the Board of Directors of the Authority, you
would be prohibited from participating in actions of the Board to hire for the position of
Distribution Manager for the Authority when you are an applicant for the position. Davis,
Opinion 89 -012. If you were to participate, such action would be a conflict of interest in
contravention of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act because you would be using the
authority of office for the private pecuniary benefit of yourself. A conflict would exist
even as to making recommendations against or disapproving the other applicant(s) for
the position when such action would assure or increase the possibility that the Board
would hire you to the position of Distribution Manager for the Authority. See, Pepper,
Opinion 87 -008. If you would be hired to the position, you would have a conflict of
interest in the future as to employment issues pertaining to yourself individually such as
Bunting, 05 -586
October 24, 2005
Page 4
your compensation, evaluation(s), raises and other matters that would financially impact
you.
Moreover, you would have a conflict of interest as to persons who would be
involved in the hiring process and who would be subject to your power as an Authority
Board Member to appoint or remove, including, but not limited to, the General Manager
of the Authority. Should any matter arise before the Authority involving such persons or
entities, you would have a conflict of interest as to such matter(s) based upon your
pursuit of an employment position with the Authority. This conclusion is based upon the
State Ethics Commission's rulings in Bassi, Opinion 86- 007 -R, Woodrinq, Opinion 90-
001, Elisco, Opinion 00 -003, and Confidential Opinion, 05 -004.
In Bassi, Opinion 86- 007 -R, the State Ethics Commission held, inter alia, that a
County Commissioner (Edward Paluso) could not enter into a lease with a municipal
authority, where one of the members of the authority (Norman Carson) was a county
employee directly responsible to the commissioners of the county, unless the execution
of the lease was accomplished after an open and public process, with the authority
member abstaining from participating in the review and award of said lease, and the
county commissioner abstaining from participating in any matter relating to the authority
member in his position as a county employee. The Commission stated, inter alia:
. we cannot ignore the fact that Mr. Carson is an authority member and
has influence and control over authority decisions. In this respect, Mr.
Carson, by voting on the final adoption of a lease, would be voting on a
matter directly related to his employer. Even though that employer is
another governmental body, we have held, in the past, that a public official
may not vote or participate in a matter if it somehow relates to a financial
interest which he may have. See, Welz, 86 -001. In the instant situation,
Mr. Carson would be called upon to determine the advisability of renting
property for the authority. The property which they are seeking to rent is
owned by the individual or one of the individuals who currently supervises
him and controls his public employment with the county. As a result of
this, Mr. Carson, as an authority member, should abstain from
participating in any matter relating to this particular lease.
See, Bassi, 86 -007 at 3. The Commission further stated:
Mr. Paluso as a county commissioner, is, in part, responsible for the
general supervision of Mr. Carson. Mr. Carson, on the other hand, is an
authority member in a position to grant Mr. Paluso a lease which results in
Mr. Paluso receiving a financial gain. It may be difficult for the public to
perceive how Mr. Paluso's actions as a county official, would not
somehow be influenced by this potential leasing arrangement. It may be
argued that Mr. Paluso, in dealing with Mr. Carson, to date, has done so in
order to effect the favorable outcome of this lease. Additionally, it could
be argued that Mr. Carson voted in favor of the lease in order to advance
his position as a full -time county employee. The above factual scenarios,
while hypothetical in nature, nonetheless create the types of conflicts of
interest that are to be addressed by this Commission.
Id. at 4.
In Woodrinq, Opinion 90 -001, the State Ethics Commission reviewed a similar
situation. Jesse Woodring, Chairman of the Sunbury Redevelopment Authority, had
applied to the City for a rehabilitation grant through the Federal Rental Rehabilitation
Program (hereinafter, the "Program "). Kenneth Pick, who was employed as the
Executive Director of the Redevelopment Authority (chaired by Woodring) also served
as the Community Development Coordinator for Sunbury. In the latter capacity, Pick
was administrator in charge of the Program for the City. Pick's functions included
Bunting, 05 -586
October 24, 2005
Page 5
administering the Program, reviewing all applications, and determining eligibility. The
Commission stated:
. we are concerned that Mr. Pick, who is an employee of the
Redevelopment Authority of which you are Chairman, has the duty of
reviewing all applications and determining eligibility in his capacity as
Community Development Coordinator for the city. In particular, the
potential exists, given the employer - employee relationship between the
Redevelopment Authority and Mr. Pick, that your application might be
reviewed in a more favorable light than other applications. To forestall
such a situation, you must not participate or take any action as to Mr. Pick
if your application is approved and you receive benefits. Bassi, Opinion
86 -007.
In addition, Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law would require you to
publicly note that you would have a conflict as to any matter involving Mr.
Pick. In addition, you must file a written memorandum to that effect with
the person responsible for recording the minutes.
Woodrinq, Opinion 90 -001 at 6.
In Elisco, Opinion 00 -003, the Commission similarly held that where a City
Council Member was an Assistant Principal and another City Council Member's spouse
was a Principal in a certain School District, both Council Members would have a conflict
of interest with regard to voting to invest pension funds through an investment company
and its sales representative who was a School Director in that School District.
In Confidential Opinion, 05 -004, the Commission held that a school director
would have a conflict of interest pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matters
pertaining to the appointment /employment of a middle school principal for the school
district when one of the candidates for the position exercised some administrative
authority and influence over the school director as to the latter's employment as a
teacher in a different school district.
Thus, based upon the rulings discussed above, you would have a conflict of
interest pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matters pertaining to those
persons who would play a role in determining whether you would be hired by the
Authority and who would be subject to your power as an Authority Board Member to
appoint or remove.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain fully
and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) set forth above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As Assistant Secretary- Treasurer of the Board of Directors of the North
Fayette County Municipal Authority ( "Authority "), you are a public official subject to the
provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (`Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §
1101 et seq. You would be prohibited from participating in actions of the Board to hire
for the position of Distribution Manager for the Authority when you are an applicant plicant for
the position. If you were to participate, such action would be a conflict of in
contravention of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act because you would be using the
authority of office for the private pecuniary benefit of yourself. A conflict would exist
even as to making recommendations against or disapproving the other applicant(s) for
the position when such action would assure or increase the possibility that the Board
Bunting, 05 -586
October 24, 2005
Page 6
would hire you to the position of Distribution Manager for the Authority. If you would be
hired to the position, you would have a conflict of interest in the future as to employment
issues pertaining to yourself individually such as your compensation, evaluation(s),
raises and other matters that would financially impact you. Moreover, you would have a
conflict of interest as to persons who would be involved in the hiring process and who
would be subject to your power as an Authority Board Member to appoint or remove,
including, but not limited to, the General Manager of the Authority. Should any matter
arise before the Authority involving such persons or entities, you would have a conflict
of interest as to such matter(s) based upon your pursuit of an employment position with
the Authority. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain
fully and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) set forth above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel