HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-584 KoastJoseph Koast
543 Morris Hollow Road
Smock, PA 15480
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 20, 2005
05 -584
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Vice Chairman of Municipal Authority;
Immediate Family; Son; Applicant; Laborer for the Authority.
Dear Mr. Koast:
This responds to your letter of September 21, 2005 by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an authority board
member with regard to participating in the hiring of a laborer for the authority when the
board member's son is an applicant for the position.
Facts: As Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of the North Fayette County
Municipal Authority ( "Authority "), you seek an advisory from the State Ethics Commission
based upon the following submitted facts.
The Board is in the process of hiring a laborer for the Authority. The Authority
has advertised for the vacancy in the newspaper as well as with PA Career Links. At
the current time, there are approximately 100 applications on hand and the Authority's
General Manager and Distribution Manager are screening the applicants. When the
General Manager and Distribution Manager agree on five prospective candidates, the
Personnel Committee will interview those five individuals and administer a test to each
one. The results of the test and the interview will determine which three of the five
candidates will be presented to the Board for consideration. Prior to presentation to the
Board, the final three candidates will also undergo a physical, drug /alcohol screening
and a criminal background check.
Your state that your son is one of the applicants for the job. You seek guidance
as to the prohibitions and restrictions that would apply to you during the hiring process.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Koast, 05 -584
October 20, 2005
Page 2
As Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors for the North Fayette County
Municipal Authority ( "Authority "), you are a public official as that term is defined in the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), and hence you are subject to the
provisions of that law.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms that pertain to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
§1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
Koast, 05 -584
October 20, 2005
Page 3
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j)
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the circumstances which you
have submitted, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Under the submitted facts, it is clear that your son is a member of your
"immediate family" as that term is defined under the Ethics Act. As an Authority Board
Member, you would be prohibited from participating in actions of the Board to hire for
the position of laborer for the Authority when your son is an applicant for the position.
Davis, Opinion 89 -012. If you were to participate, such action would be a conflict of
interest in contravention of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act because you would be
using the authority of office for the private pecuniary benefit of your son. A conflict
would exist even as to making recommendations against or disapproving the other
applicant(s) for the position when such action would assure or increase the possibility
that the Board would hire your son to the position of laborer for the Authority. See,
Pepper, Opinion 87 -008. If your son would be hired to the position, you would have a
conflict of interest in the future as to employment issues pertaining to your son
individually such as his compensation, evaluation(s), raises and other matters that
would financially impact him. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be
required to abstain fully and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) set
forth above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Koast, 05 -584
October 20, 2005
Page 4
Conclusion: As Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors for the North Fayette
County Municipal Authority ( "Authority "), you are a public official subject to the
provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act "), Act 93 of 1998,
Chapter 11. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from participating in
actions of the Board to hire for the position of laborer for the Authority when your son is
an applicant for the p osition because your son is a member of your immediate family as
that term is defined the Ethics Act. A conflict would exist even as to making
recommendations against or disapproving the other applicant(s) for the position when
such action would assure or increase the possibility that the Board would hire your son
to the position of laborer for the Authority. If your son would be hired to the position,
you would have a conflict of interest in the future as to employment issues pertaining to
your son individually such as his compensation, evaluations), raises and other matters
that would financially impact him. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be
required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) set
forth above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel