HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-573 HovanecAnthony F. Hovanec
131 Upland Drive
Industry, PA 15052
Dear Mr. Hovanec:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 2, 2005
05 -573
Re: Simultaneous Service, Borough Police Chief and Council Member for a Different
Borough.
This responds to your letter of August 4, 2005, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., imposes any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough police chief
with regard to simultaneously serving as a council member for a different borough.
Facts: You are presently employed as Police Chief for the Borough of Beaver. You
state that your position as Police Chief falls under guidelines pertaining to civil service
positions.
You recently won the May primary election as a write -in for the position of Council
Member for a different borough, specifically, Industry Borough. You state that the Mayor
who is head of the Borough of Beaver police department is of the view that there is no
problem with regard to your running for the position of Councilman for Industry Borough
because there is no connection at all between the two municipalities. However, you seek
written guidance from the State Ethics Commission as to whether you would have a conflict
of interest under the Ethics Act in simultaneously serving as Police Chief of Beaver
Borough and Council Member for Industry Borough.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Hovanec, 05 -573
September 2, 2005
Page 2
As Police Chief for the Borough of Beaver, you are a public official /public employee
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. If
elected as a Council Member for Industry Borough, upon assuming office you would be a
"public official" subject to the Ethics Act in that position as well.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted Activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two members
of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the member
who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
Hovanec, 05 -573
September 2, 2005
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
It is administratively noted that the Borough Code provides, in pertinent part, as
follows:
§ 46190 Removals
No person employed in any police or fire force of any
borough shall be suspended, removed or reduced in rank
except for the following reasons:
(6) Engaging or participating in conducting of any
political or election campaign otherwise than to exercise his
own right of suffrage.
53 P.S. § 46190(6).
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, § 2. There does not
appear to be any statutorily declared incompatibility precluding simultaneous service in the
positions in question.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office /employment or confidential information received by holding such a public position for
the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, a member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Where simultaneous service would place the public official /public employee in a
continual state of conflict, such as where in one position he would be accounting to himself
in another position on a continual basis, there would be an inherent conflict. (See,
McCain, Opinion 02 -009). Where an inherent conflict would exist, it would appear to be
impossible, as a practical matter, for the public official /public employee to function in the
conflicting positions without running afoul of Section 1103(a).
Absent a statutorily - declared incompatibility or an inherent conflict under Section
1103(a), the Ethics Act would not preclude an individual from simultaneously serving in
more than one position, but in each instance of a conflict of interest, the individual would
be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as set
forth above.
In this case, based upon the facts that have been submitted, there does not appear
to be an inherent conflict that would preclude simultaneous service as Police Chief for the
Borough of Beaver and Council Member for the Borough of Industry. Consequently, such
simultaneous service would be permitted within the parameters of Sections 1103(a) and
1103(j).
Hovanec, 05 -573
September 2, 2005
Page 4
However, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act. The question of whether you may participate in or conduct a
political or election campaign is governed by civil service restrictions of the
Borough Code, not the Ethics Act. (See, 53 P.S. § 46190(6)). Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of such civil service restrictions. It is
recommended that you obtain legal advice in that regard.
Conclusion: As Police Chief for the Borough of Beaver, you are a "public employee"
subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. If elected as a Council Member for Industry Borough, upon
assuming office you would be a "public official" subject to the Ethics Act in that position as
well. You may, consistent with Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, simultaneously serve in
the positions of Police Chief for the Borough of Beaver and Council Member for the
Borough of Industry, subject to the restrictions, conditions and qualifications set forth
above. However, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act. The question of whether you may participate in or conduct a
political or election campaign is governed by civil service restrictions of the
Borough Code, not the Ethics Act. (See, 53 P.S. § 46190(6)). Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of such civil service restrictions. It is
recommended that you obtain legal advice in that regard.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa.Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel