HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-557 FerloADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 28, 2005
C.J. Hafner, 11
Chief Counsel to the Senate Democratic Leader
Senate Box 203022
The State Capitol
Harrisburg, PA 17120 -3022
05 -557
Re: Public Official; General Assembly; Senator; Governmental Body; Trip to Taiwan
Paid for By Government of Taiwan; Travel; Transportation; Lodging; Hospitality;
Gift; Statement of Financial Interests.
Dear Attorney Hafner:
This responds to your letter of June 1, 2005, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et seq. ( "Ethics Act ") presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a Member of the
general Assembly with regard to traveling to Taiwan at the expense of the Government
of Taiwan; and whether such expenses for the trip must be reported on his Statement of
Financial Interests.
Facts: As Chief Counsel to the Senate Democratic Leader, you seek an advisory
on behalf of Senator Jim Ferlo ( "Senator Ferlo") based upon the following submitted
facts.
By way of other legislators, Senator Ferlo has received an invitation from the
economic and cultural officers of Taiwan to visit their country. You state that all
expenses for the trip to Taiwan will be covered by the government of Taiwan. You note
that the government of Taiwan has not registered as a principal and has not hired a
lobbyist.
Senator Ferlo serves on the Senate Community and Economic Development
Committee, which oversees economic development legislation and regulations. The
Standing Committees are established in rules adopted pursuant to Article 11, Section 11
of the Pennsylvania Constitution.
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June 28, 2005
Page 2
You state that you are aware that Section 1105(b)(7) of the Ethics Act makes an
exception for reporting for "expenses reimbursed by a government[al] body." 65
Pa.C.S. § 1105(b)(7). You note that the Ethics Act's broad definition of `government[al]
body" includes a nation." You also cite several Commission rulings on this issue.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you pose the following specific inquiries:
(1) Whether Senator Ferlo would transgress the Ethics Act if he would travel
to Taiwan;
(2) If the Ethics Act would not prohibit Senator Ferlo from traveling to Taiwan,
whether he must disclose the cost of the trip on his Statement of Financial Interests;
and;
(3) If Senator Ferlo must disclose the cost of the trip on his Statement of
Financial Interests, how such expenses should be reported.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Member of the Pennsylvania State Senate, Senator Jim Ferlo is a "public
official" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence Senator Ferlo is subject to
the financial disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act.
Section 1104 of the Ethics Act provides, in pertinent part:
§1104. Statement of financial interests required to be filed
(a) Public official or public employee. - -Each public official of the
Commonwealth shall file a statement of financial interests for the
preceding calendar year with the commission no later than May 1 of each
year that he holds such a position and of the year after he leaves such a
position. Each public employee and public official of the Commonwealth
shall file a statement of financial interests for the preceding calendar year
with the department, agency, body or bureau in which he is employed or
to which he is appointed or elected no later than May 1 of each year that
he holds such a position and of the year after he leaves such a position.
Any other public employee or public official shall file a statement of
financial interests with the governing authority of the political subdivision
by which he is employed or within which he is appointed or elected no
later than May 1 of each year that he holds such a position and of the year
after he leaves such a position. Persons who are full -time or part -time
solicitors for political subdivisions are required to file under this section.
65 Pa.C.S. §1104 (a).
Section 1105 of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1105. Statement of financial interests
(a) Form. - -The statement of financial interests filed
pursuant to this chapter shall be on a form prescribed by the
Ferlo, 05 -557
June 28, 2005
Page 3
commission. All information requested on the statement shall
be provided to the best of the knowledge, information and
belief of the person required to file and shall be signed under
oath or equivalent affirmation.
(b) Required information. - -The statement shall include
the following information for the prior calendar year with
regard to the person required to file the statement:
(1) Name, address and public position.
(2) Occupation or profession.
(3) Any direct or indirect interest in any real estate which
was sold or leased to the Commonwealth, any of its
agencies or political subdivisions or purchased or leased
from the Commonwealth, any of its agencies or political
subdivisions or which was the subject of any condemnation
proceedings by the Commonwealth, any of its agencies or
political subdivisions.
(4) The name and address of each creditor to whom is
owed in excess of $6,500 and the interest rate thereon.
However, loans or credit extended between members of the
immediate family and mortgages securing real property
which is the principal or secondary residence of the person
filing shall not be included.
(5) The name and address of any direct or indirect source
of income totaling in the aggregate $1,300 or more.
However, this provision shall not be construed to require the
divulgence of confidential information protected by statute or
existing professional codes of ethics or common law
privileges.
(6) The name and address of the source and the amount
of any gift or gifts valued in the aggregate at $250 or more
and the circumstances of each gift. This paragraph shall not
apply to a gift or gifts received from a spouse, parent, parent
by marriage, sibling, child, grandchild, other family member
or friend when the circumstances make it clear that the
motivation for the action was a personal or family
relationship. However, for the purposes of this paragraph,
the term "friend" shall not include a registered lobbyist or an
employee of a registered lobbyist.
(7) The name and address of the source and the amount
of any payment for or reimbursement of actual expenses for
transportation and lodging or hospitality received in
connection with public office or employment where such
actual expenses for transportation and lodging or hospitality
exceed $650 in the course of a single occurrence. This
paragraph shall not apply to expenses reimbursed by a
governmental body or to expenses reimbursed by an
organization or association of public officials or employees of
political subdivisions which the public official or employee
serves in an official capacity.
Ferlo, 05 -557
June 28, 2005
Page 4
(8) Any office, directorship or employment of any nature
whatsoever in any business entity.
(9) Any financial interest in any legal entity engaged in
business for profit.
(10) The identity of any financial interest in a business with
which the reporting person is or has been associated in the
preceding calendar year which has been transferred to a
member of the reporting person's immediate family.
(c) Reporting amounts. -- Except where an amount is
required to be reported pursuant to subsection (b)(6) and (7),
the statement of financial interests need not include specific
amounts for the items required to be listed.
(d) Cost -of- living adjustments. - -On a biennial basis the
commission shall review the dollar amounts set forth in this
section and may increase these amounts to such rates as
are deemed reasonable for assuring appropriate disclosure.
The commission shall publish any such adjusted threshold
amounts in the Pennsylvania Bulletin.
Section 1105(b)(6) of the Ethics Act requires the filer to disclosure on the
Statement of Financial Interests the name and address of the source and the amount of
any gift(s) valued in the aggregate at $250 or more and the circumstances of each gift.
The filer is not required to disclose gifts from a family member or friend (with the term
"friend" excluding a registered lobbyist or employee of a registered lobbyist) when the
circumstances make it clear that the motivation for the action was the personal /family
relationship.
Section 1105(b)(7) of the Ethics Act requires the filer to list the name and
address of the source and the amount of any payment for or reimbursement of actual
expenses for transportation /lodging /hospitality received in connection with public office
or employment where such actual expenses exceed $650 in the course of a single
occurrence. This disclosure requirement excludes expenses reimbursed by a
governmental body or by an organization or association of public officials or employees
of political subdivisions which the public official or employee serves in an official
capacity.
The Ethics Act defines the following relevant terms as indicated:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Gift." Anything which is received without
consideration of equal or greater value. The term shall not
include a political contribution otherwise reported as required
by law or a commercially reasonable loan made in the
ordinary course of business.
"Governmental body." Any department, authority,
commission, committee, council, board, bureau, division,
service, office, officer, administration, legislative body or
other establishment in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of a state, a nation or a political subdivision thereof or
any agency performing a governmental function.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102 (Emphasis added).
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June 28, 2005
Page 5
In the instant matter, based upon the submitted facts, the Ethics Act would not
prohibit Senator Ferlo from traveling to Taiwan at the expense of the Government of
Taiwan. However, pursuant to Sections 1105(b)(6) and (7) of the Ethics Act, Senator
Ferlo might be required to disclose various gifts or payments /reimbursements of
transportation /lodging /hospitality for this trip on his Statement of Financial Interests.
To illustrate the requirement for disclosure of gift(s) pursuant to Section
1105(b)(6), you are advised that in the event Senator Ferlo would receive a gift or gifts
as defined by the Ethics Act from the Government of Taiwan or from non - governmental
sources (other than family or friends), then pursuant to Section 1105(b)(6) of the Ethics
Act, source for source, Senator Ferlo would be required to disclose on his Statement of
Financial Interests the name and address of the source and the amount of gift(s) valued
in the aggregate at $250 or more and the circumstances of each gift. Thus, if the
Government of Taiwan would give to Senator Ferlo a statue valued at $1,000, and a
citizen of Taiwan would give to Senator Ferlo a painting valued at $500, Senator Ferlo
would be required to disclose the name and address of each such source, the amount
of the gifts, and the circumstances under which he received the gifts. However, if
Senator Ferlo would receive from a family member a gift of new luggage valued at $300
to take on the trip, he would not be required to disclose the gift of the luggage because
gifts from a family member or friend (with the term "friend" excluding a registered
lobbyist or employee of a registered lobbyist) need not be disclosed if the circumstances
make it clear that the motivation for the action was the personal /family relationship.
To illustrate the requirement for disclosure of payments /reimbursements for
transportation /lodging /hospitality received in connection with public office or
employment pursuant to Section 1105(b)(7), you are advised that because this
particular trip would be in connection with Senator Ferlo's public office, any
reimbursement by a "governmental body" of actual expenses for transportation, lodging,
or hospitality received by Senator Ferlo as to the trip would not have to be reported on
Senator Ferlo's Statement of Financial Interests. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1105(b)(7). You are
cautioned that the Section 1105(b)(7) exclusion permitting non - disclosure as to such
reimbursements by a governmental body would not apply to payments /reimbursements
provided by a source other than a governmental body either directly or through a
governmental body as a pass - through. Thus, if the Government of Taiwan would
reimburse the expenses for Senator Ferlo's hotel room, or for his meals, such
reimbursements would not be required to be disclosed on Senator Ferlo's Statement of
Financial Interests. However, if a private corporation would be the true donor of such
items, Senator Ferlo would be required to disclose the name and address of the source
and the amount of any such payment or reimbursement.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Member of the Pennsylvania State Senate, Senator Jim Ferlo
is a "public official" subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and particularly the requirements for filing
Statements of Financial Interests, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1104, 1105. Based upon the
submitted facts, the Ethics Act would not prohibit Senator Ferlo from traveling to Taiwan
at the expense of the Government of Taiwan. Senator Ferlo would be required to
comply with the requirements for disclosure on his Statement of Financial Interests of
gifts or payments /reimbursements of transportation /lodging /hospitality received in
connection the trip. Section 1105(b)(6) of the Ethics Act requires the filer to disclosure
on the Statement of Financial Interests the name and address of the source and the
amount of any gift(s) valued in the aggregate at $250 or more and the circumstances of
each gift. The filer is not required to disclose gifts from a family member or friend (with
Ferlo, 05 -557
June 28, 2005
Page 6
the term "friend" excluding a registered lobbyist or employee of a registered lobbyist)
when the circumstances make it clear that the motivation for the action was the
personal /family relationship. Section 1105(b)(7) of the Ethics Act requires the filer to list
the name and address of the source and the amount of any payment for or
reimbursement of actual expenses for transportation /lodging /hospitality received in
connection with public office or employment where such actual expenses exceed $650
in the course of a single occurrence. This disclosure requirement excludes expenses
reimbursed by a governmental body, such as the Government of Taiwan, or by an
organization or association of public officials or employees of political subdivisions
which the public official or employee serves in an official capacity.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel