HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-541 DenlingerMark A. Denlinger, Esquire
Knox, McLaughlin, Gornall & Sennett
120 West Tenth Street
Erie, PA 16501 -1461
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 27, 2005
05 -541
Re: Simultaneous Service, Township Supervisor, County Council Member or City
Council Member and Authority Board Member.
Dear Mr. Denlinger:
This responds to your faxed letter of March 29, 2005, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., imposes any prohibition or restrictions upon a second class
township supervisor, third class county council member or third class city council member
from simultaneously serving as an industrial and economic development authority board
member.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Township of Summit ( "Township "), Erie County,
Pennsylvania, you seek an advisory on behalf of all three members of the Township Board
of Supervisors ( "Board "). You have submitted facts, the material portions of which may be
fairly summarized as follows.
The Township is a second class township organized and existing pursuant to the
Second Class Township Code, 53 P.S. §§ 65101 et seq. Pursuant to the Second Class
Township Code, the Township is governed by a three- member Board.
The Township may be chosen as a possible location for a licensed racetrack and
licensed gaming entity pursuant to the Pennsylvania Race Horse Development and
Gaming Act, 4 Pa.C.S. § §1101 et seq. To this end, the Township is in the process of
organizing and incorporating an industrial and economic development authority
( "Authority "), the purpose of which would be to address and handle infrastructure and
development matters if the licensed racetrack and gaming entity would choose a location
within the Township's jurisdiction. Pursuant to the Pennsylvania Economic Development
Financing Law, 71 [sic] P.S. §§ 371 et seq., the Authority would be created as a separate
public entity.
Denlinger, 05 -541
April 27, 2005
Page 2
Under the Race Horse Development and Gaming Act, various revenue sharing for
property and tax relief would occur with respect to the licensed racetrack and gaming
entity, the Township and Erie County. Thus, if such an entity were constructed and
developed within the Township, an economic impact would be felt throughout all of Erie
County.
Because the projects and infrastructure improvements that the Authority would
undertake would have a regional impact throughout Erie County, the Supervisors propose
to appoint one or all of the following public officials to the Authority Board: a Township
Supervisor, an Erie County Council Member, and /or an Erie City Council Member. You
note that Erie County ( "County ") is a Third Class County organized and existing pursuant
to the County Code, 15 P.S. §§ 101 et seq., and that the City of Erie ( "City ") is a Third
Class City organized and existing pursuant to the Third Class City Code, 53 P.S. §§ 35101
et seq.
Pursuant to the Economic Development Financing Law, the powers and purposes
of the Authority would be exercised by the Authority Board, which would conduct the
business and affairs of the Authority, and fix and determine the number of officers, agents
and employees of the Authority, as well as their powers, duties and compensation.
Authority Board members would hold office until their successors would be
appointed; however, such Board Members could succeed themselves on the Board if they
would be re- appointed. Authority Board Members would serve without compensation, but
could be reimbursed for any necessary traveling or other expenses incurred in the
performance of their official duties. Any Authority Board Member could be removed by the
Township with or without cause for any reason or no reason.
The question you pose is whether a Township Supervisor, County Council Member
or City Council Member may simultaneously serve as an Authority Board Member.
Referencing various provisions of the Second Class Township Code, County Code and
Third Class City Code, you argue that simultaneous service would not be prohibited in the
absence of a statutory incompatibility. Specifically with respect to the Third Class City
Code, which provides that no member of a municipality authority of which the city is a
member shall serve as a council member, you state that the Authority would not be created
as a joint authority, and the City would not be a member thereof.
You further argue that simultaneous service in the positions in question would not
create an inherent conflict because neither the Township Supervisor, County Council
Member nor City Council Member would report or account to the Authority Board or vice
versa. In this regard, you note that the positions of an Authority Board Member, Township
Supervisor, County Council Member, and City Council Member are independent
governmental positions with specific duties, obligations, powers and purposes that do not
overlap or conflict. You further note that the Authority, Township, County, and City are
separate legal municipal bodies with separate powers, purposes, budgets, and obligations.
You state that although a Township Supervisor may be viewed as having an inherent
conflict due to the fact that he would be appointed to the Authority Board by the Township,
that Supervisor would be subject to removal by the Township from the Authority Board at
any time and would serve on the Authority Board without compensation.
Referencing Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act, you state that if the Authority would
negotiate or review a potential contract with the City or County, the "appropriate public
official" would be required to disclose the conflict and abstain from such action in
accordance with the Ethics Act. You submit that such a situation would be infrequent or
non - existent.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you ask whether simultaneous service in the
positions in question would be permissible under the Ethics Act.
Denlinger, 05 -541
April 27, 2005
Page 3
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
A Township Supervisor, County Council Member, City Council Member, and
Authority Board Member are "public officials" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act and
hence they are subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code
§ 11.1
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted Activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two members
of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the member
who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
Denlinger, 05 -541
April 27, 2005
Page 4
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, § 2. There does not
appear to be any statutorily - declared incompatibility precluding simultaneous service in the
positions in question.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office /employment or confidential information received by holding such a public position for
the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, a member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Where simultaneous service would place the public official /public employee in a
continual state of conflict, such as where in one position he would be accounting to himself
in another position on a continual basis, there would be an inherent conflict. (See,
McCain, Opinion 02 -009). Where an inherent conflict would exist, it would appear to be
impossible, as a practical matter, for the public official /public employee to function in the
conflicting positions without running afoul of Section 1103(a).
Absent a statutorily - declared incompatibility or an inherent conflict under Section
1103(a), the Ethics Act would not preclude an individual from simultaneously serving in
more than one position, but in each instance of a conflict of interest, the individual would
be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as set
forth above.
In this case, based upon the facts that have been submitted, there does not appear
to be an inherent conflict that would preclude simultaneous service as a Township
Supervisor, County Council Member or City Council Member and an Authority Board
Member. Consequently, such simultaneous service would be permitted within the
parameters of Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j).
Finally, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee and no public official/
employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby.
Denlinger, 05 -541
April 27, 2005
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed is the applicability of the Pennsylvania Race Horse
Development and Gaming Act.
Conclusion: A Summit Township ( "Township ") Supervisor, an Erie County
( "County ") Council Member, an Erie City ( "City ") Council Member, and an Industrial and
Economic Development Authority ( "Authority ") Board Member are "public officials" subject
to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §
1101 et seq. A Township Supervisor, County Council Member or City Council Member
may, consistent with Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, simultaneously serve as an
Authority Board Member subject to the restrictions, conditions and qualifications set forth
above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa.Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel