HomeMy WebLinkAbout05-539 SamuelRonald L. Samuel, P.E.
112 Brandle Street
Johnstown, PA 15904
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 25, 2005
05 -539
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Highway District Engineer; Engineering
District 9 -0; PennDOT; Annuitant.
Dear Mr. Samuel:
This responds to your letter of March 17, 2005, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any restrictions upon employment of a Highway
District Engineer following termination of service with the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT ").
Facts: As a former Highway District Engineer (District Executive) for PennDOT,
Engineering District 9 -0, you seek an advisory regarding the post - employment
restrictions under the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts, the material portions of
which may be fairly summarized as follows.
You were employed by PennDOT for nearly 35 years, during which time, you
worked in a variety of jobs in construction, maintenance, and design. You had
responsibility for overseeing all of the operations of an engineering district.
On February 27, 2004, you retired from PennDOT. You immediately returned as
an annuitant working in your former position until on or about July 29, 2004. You have
submitted a copy of your job description, which is incorporated herein by reference.
You are contemplating accepting employment with Keller Engineers, an
engineering consulting firm that contracts with PennDOT and the Commonwealth. You
state that in your new position, you would be engaged in a variety of engineering
administrative and management activities that may more than likely include transportation
related duties.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you ask what activities you would be permitted
or prohibited from engaging. You also ask when you would be permitted to interact with
PennDOT as an employee of Keller Engineers.
Samuel, 05 -539
April 25, 2005
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as a Highway District Engineer for PennDOT, you would
be considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This conclusion
is based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates
clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial
nature with respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; planning;
inspecting; administering or monitoring grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other
activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
When you returned to work as an annuitant for PennDOT in the same position of
Highway District Engineer, you once again became a public employee subject to the
Ethics Act.
Consequently, on July 29, 2004, when you ceased working as an annuitant with
PennDOT, you once again became a "former public employee" subject to Section
1103(g) of the Ethics Act. McGlathery, Opinion 00 -004; Graves, Opinion 00 -009. The
restrictions of Section 1103(g) apply for a full one -year period each time an individual
becomes a former public employee. Thus, as a result of your participation in the
annuitant program, the one -year period of applicability of Section 1103(g) began anew
following your termination of participation in the annuitant program on July 29, 2004.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
Samuel, 05 -539
April 25, 2005
Page 3
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /employee; (4) participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying. Popovich,
Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/
public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of
public service, Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre - existing contract does not
involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name of the former
public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the regulations of the
agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public official/
public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities.
Samuel, 05 -539
April 25, 2005
Page 4
However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee is or has
been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or other
governmental body where the public official /employee had influence or control but
extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at
290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion No. 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you have been associated upon termination
of public service (both times) is PennDOT in its entirety including, but not limited to,
Engineering District 9 -0. Therefore, for a full one -year period following your July 29,
2004, termination of service with PennDOT, Section 1103( of the Ethics Act would
apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before PennDOT.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, you are
advised that the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from accepting employment with an
engineering consulting firm that has contracts with PennDOT. However, to the extent
your responsibilities in your new position would require you to interact with PennDOT in
a manner that would constitute prohibited "representation," your performance of such
activities would be contrary to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official/
employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to
provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As a former public employee who retired from PennDOT on
February 27, 2004, but immediately returned to work for PennDOT until on or about July
29, 2004, as an annuitant in a position classified as a Highway District Engineer, you
were a public employee subject to the Ethics Act. On July 29, 2004, when you ceased
working as an annuitant with PennDOT, you once again became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former governmental body
is PennDOT in its entirety including, but not limited to, Engineering District 9 -0. The
restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. The propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Samuel, 05 -539
April 25, 2005
Page 5
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel