HomeMy WebLinkAbout26-506 VanelliPHONE: 717-783-1610
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To the Requester:
Christopher Vanelli
Dear Mr. Vanelli:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
FINANCE BUILDING
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 304
HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 4, 2026
FACSIMILE: 717-787-0806
WEBSITE: www.ethics.pa.gov
26-506
This responds to your letter received January 14, 2026, by which you requested an advisory
from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ("Commission"), seeking guidance as to the issue
presented below:
Issue:
Facts:
Whether a township supervisor (the "Township Supervisor") would have a conflict of
interest under Section 1103(a) of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics
Act"), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a), with regard to participating in discussions, votes, or other
actions of the township board of supervisors (the "Township Board of Supervisors")
pertaining to the appointment of another individual (the "Individual") serving on the
Township Board of Supervisors to the position of township manager ("Township
Manager"), where: (1) the Individual is not a relative of the Township Supervisor; (2) the
Individual is employed as the executive director of a municipal authority (the "Authority");
and (3) the Township Supervisor is a Member of the Board of Directors of the Authority.
Brief Answer: NO. Because the Individual is not a member of the Township Supervisor's
immediate family, there is no basis in the submitted facts upon which to conclude that the
Township Supervisor would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act with regard to participating in discussions, votes, or other actions of the Township
Board of Supervisors pertaining to the appointment of the Individual to the position of
Township Manager.
You request an advisory from the Commission based upon the following submitted facts.
Vanelli, 26-506
February 4, 2026
Page 2
You are a Supervisor for Richland Township ("Township"), which is located in Bucks
County, Pennsylvania. The Township Board of Supervisors consists of three Members. You are
also a Member of the Board of Directors of the Richland Township Water Authority ("Authority").
One of the other two individuals serving with you on the Township Board of Supervisors
(the "Individual") is the Executive Director of the Authority. As a Member of the Authority Board,
you are often called to vote on matters that may affect the Individual's employment relationship
with the Authority. The Individual is not your relative.
At the public meeting of the Township Board of Supervisors held on January 5, 2026, the
third Township Supervisor suggested that the Township Board of Supervisors consider appointing
the Individual to the position of Township Manager. You state that the Authority would need to
be involved if the potential appointment of the Individual as the Township Manager would move
forward.
You seek guidance as to whether there are any provisions of the Ethics Act that would
prohibit you from participating in discussions, votes, or other actions of the Township Board of
Supervisors pertaining to the appointment of the Individual to the position of Township Manager.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65
Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based upon the facts that the
requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts that the requester has
submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does
it speculate as to facts that have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevantto the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory
only affords a defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Sections 1103(a) and 11030) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. --No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
0) Voting conflict. --Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or public employee who in
the discharge of his official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from
voting and, prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a written
memorandum filed with the person responsible for recording the
Vanelli, 26-506
February 4, 2026
Page 3
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any action on
a matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three -member governing body of a political subdivision, where one
member has abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest
and the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided
herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), 0).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the private pecuniary
benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The term does not include an action having a de minimis economic
impact or which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual power
provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a particular
public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother or
sister.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Subject to the statutory exclusions to the Ethics Act's definition of the term "conflict" or
"conflict of interest" (i.e., the "de minimis exclusion" and the "class/subclass exclusion"), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1102, a public official/public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office or confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
Vanelli, 26-506
February 4, 2026
Page 4
pecuniary (financial) benefit of the public official/public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting but extends to any use of authority of
office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular
result. Juliante, Order 809.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, a public official/public employee would be
required to abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory
exceptions of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the disclosure
requirements of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied in the event of a voting
conflict.
Conclusion:
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are advised as
follows.
As a Township Supervisor and as a Member of the Authority Board of Directors, you are
a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, in each of your capacities as a public official, you generally would have a conflict of
interest in matters that would financially impact you, a member of your immediate family, or a
business with which you or a member of your immediate family is associated.
Because the Individual is not a member of your immediate family, there is no basis in the
submitted facts upon which to conclude that you would have a conflict of interest under Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act with regard to participating in discussions, votes, or other actions of the
Township Board of Supervisors pertaining to the appointment of the Individual to the position of
Township Manager. Therefore, the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from participating in matters
pertaining to the appointment of the Individual to the position of Township Manager.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to challenge same, you
may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the Commission within
thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
Vanelli, 26-506
February 4, 2026
Page 5
transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30)
days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Respectfully,
LD
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Bridget K. Guilfoyle
Chief Counsel