HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-603 EvankoRonald Evanko
31 East Chestnut Street
Blairsville, PA 15717
Dear Mr. Evanko:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 30, 2004
04 -603
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Borough; Council Member; Immediate Family;
Daughter; Son -in -Law; Business With Which Associated; Transfer of Borough
Police Pension to Bank That Employs Daughter and Son -in -Law; Contract.
This responds to your letter of October 14, 2004, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough
council member whose daughter and son -in -law are employed by a bank, in matters
pertaining to the proposed transfer of the borough police pension from the current
holder /advisor to another financial institution, and particularly, to the bank that employs
his daughter and son -in -law.
Facts: As a Borough Council Member for the Borough of Blairsville ( "Borough "),
you seek an advisory from the State Ethics Commission. You have submitted facts that
may be fairly summarized as follows.
The Borough is currently considering transferring the Borough Police Pension
from the current holder /advisor to another financial institution. One of the financial
institutions that the Borough will be interviewing and considering is a bank that employs
your daughter and son -in -law. You state that neither your daughter nor son -in -law has
any involvement with the bank's pension department. You further state that neither your
daughter nor son -in -law will be entitled to any bonuses or commissions if the Borough
decides to transfer the Borough Police Pension to the bank that employs them.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would present
any prohibition or restrictions upon you as a Borough Council Member in matters
pertaining to the proposed transfer of the Borough Police Pension from the current
holder /advisor to another financial institution, and particularly, to the bank that employs
your daughter and son -in -law.
Evanko, 04 -603
November 30, 2004
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts that the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Borough Council Member, you are a public official subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
Evanko, 04 -603
November 30, 2004
Page 3
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. The term shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as
one party and a public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary,
wage, retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(f).
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an
"open and public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental body.
Pursuant to Section 1103(f), an "open and public process" includes:
Evanko, 04 -603
November 30, 2004
Page 4
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act also requires that the public official /employee
may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain fully and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same,
both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording
the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
Evanko, 04 -603
November 30, 2004
Page 5
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official/
public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Because the Ethics Act's definition of "immediate family" is limited to a parent,
spouse, child, brother or sister, your son -in -law would not be considered a member of
your "immediate family." See, Pulice v. State Ethics Cmmission, 713 A.2d 161 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 1998), appeal denied, 557 Pa. 642, 732 A.2d 1211 (1998).
However, your daughter is clearly a member of your "immediate family" as that
term is defined in the Ethics Act. Furthermore, the bank that employs your daughter is a
business with which she as a member of your immediate family is associated.
Based upon the submitted facts that Borough Council may transfer the Borough
Police Pension from the current holder /advisor to another financial institution, and that
one of the financial institutions Borough Council will interview and consider to handle
the Borough Police Pension is the bank that employs your daughter, you are advised
that you would generally have a conflict of interest in your capacity as a Borough
Council Member in matters pertaining to the transfer of the Borough Police Pension.
You would specifically have a conflict of interest in matters pertaining to a transfer of the
Borough Police Pension to the bank that employs your daughter. Pursuant to Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would also be prohibited from using the authority of your
office or confidential information received by being a Borough Council Member to
effectuate a detriment to business competitor(s) of the bank that employs your
daughter. See, Pepper, Opinion 87 -008.
In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain fully and to satisfy
the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act set forth above.
You are further advised that to the extent the proposed transfer of the Borough's
Police Pension would result in a contract between the bank that employs your daughter
and the Borough, the restrictions and requirements of Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act
set forth above would have to be strictly observed.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As a Borough Council Member for the Borough of Blairsville ( "Borough "),
you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Act "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Your daughter is a member of your
immediate family. The bank that employs your daughter is a business with which she
as a member of your immediate family is associated. Based upon the submitted facts
that Borough Council may transfer the Borough Police Pension from the current
holder /advisor to another financial institution, and that one of the financial institutions
Borough Council will interview and consider to handle the Borough Police Pension is the
bank that employs your daughter, you would generally have a conflict of interest in your
capacity as a Borough Council Member in matters pertaining to the transfer of the
Borough Police Pension. You would specifically have a conflict of interest in matters
pertaining to a transfer of the Borough Police Pension to the bank that employs your
daughter. You would also be prohibited by Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act from using
the authority of your office or confidential information received by being a Borough
Council Member to effectuate a detriment to business competitor(s) of the bank that
employs your daughter. In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain
fully and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. To
the extent the proposed transfer of the Borough's Police Pension would result in a
Evanko, 04 -603
November 30, 2004
Page 6
contract between the bank that employs your daughter and the Borough, the restrictions
and requirements of Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act would have to be strictly
observed. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel