HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-600 YearagePeter J. Yerage, School Director
New Castle Area School District
929 Warren Avenue
New Castle, PA 16101
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 8, 2004
04 -600
Re: Simultaneous Service, School Director and Vocational Administrator for County
Area Vocational Technical School.
Dear Mr. Yerage:
This responds to your faxed letter of October 6, 2004, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., imposes any prohibition or restrictions upon a school director from
simultaneously being employed as a vocational administrator for the county area
vocational technical school.
Facts: You are currently a School Director for the New Castle Area School District
( "School District "). You were formerly employed as a teacher with the Lawrence County
Area Vocational Technical School ( "AVTS "), but have since retired from that position.
You were recently appointed to serve as one of the School District's representatives
to the ATVS Joint Operating Committee. The AVTS is comprised of eight school districts
within Lawrence County. The School District, being the largest in the County, sends four
representatives from the School District. The Joint Operating Committee makes all
decisions relative to the operations of the AVTS. Budgets for the AVTS come from the
surrounding school districts, which take into consideration factors such as the number of
students attending the AVTS from the respective districts.
Recently, the Vocational Administrator of the AVTS retired. Being certified, you
would like to be considered for that position. You state your awareness that your positions
as School Director and Member of the ATVS Joint Operating Committee raises concerns;
however, if you would be eligible for the Vocational Administrator position, you would
resign from the ATVS Joint Operating Committee.
Given the foregoing facts, you ask whether you may be considered for and accept
employment as Director [sic] of the ATVS.
Yerage, 04 -600
November 8, 2004
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a School Director, you are a "public official" as that term is defined in the Ethics
Act and hence you are subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51
Pa. Code § 11.1.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted Activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two members
of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the member
who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
Yerage, 04 -600
November 8, 2004
Page 3
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, § 2. There does not
appear to be any statutorily - declared incompatibility precluding simultaneous service in the
positions in question.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office /employment or confidential information received by holding such a public position for
the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, a member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Where simultaneous service would place the public official /public employee in a
continual state of conflict, such as where in one position he would be accounting to himself
in another position on a continual basis, there would be an inherent conflict. (See,
Johnson, Opinion 86 -004). Where an inherent conflict would exist, it would appear to be
impossible, as a practical matter, for the public official /public employee to function in the
conflicting positions without running afoul of Section 1103(a).
Absent a statutorily - declared incompatibility or an inherent conflict under Section
1103(a), the Ethics Act would not preclude an individual from simultaneously serving in
more than one position, but in each instance of a conflict of interest, the individual would
be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as set
forth above.
In this case, based upon the facts which have been submitted, there does not
appear to be an inherent conflict that would preclude simultaneous service as a School
Director and Vocational Administrator of the AVTS which is a separate governmental body.
While the Ethics Act would not preclude you from simultaneously serving in the
positions in question, as a School Director, you would generally have a conflict of interest
in matters before the School Board that would financially impact yourself as the Vocational
Administrator of the AVTS. In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain
and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a School Director for the New Castle Area School District, you are
a "public official" subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
Yerage, 04 -600
November 8, 2004
Page 4
( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. You may, consistent with Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, simultaneously serve in the positions of School Director and Vocational
Administrator of the Lawrence County Area Vocational Technical School subject to the
restrictions, conditions and qualifications set forth above. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa.Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel