HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-588 DowneyJames A. Downey, III, Esquire
Begley, Carlin & Mandio, LLP
680 Middletown Boulevard
P.O. Box 308
Langhorne, PA 19047 -0308
Dear Mr. Downey:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 24, 2004
04 -588
Re: Conflict; Public Official; Township; Supervisor; Auditor; Service on Committee to
Raise Funds to Benefit Local Police and Volunteer Fire Companies.
This responds to your letter of July 27, 2004, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a township
supervisor or a township auditor with regard to serving on a committee that will manage
and run an annual fund raising dinner to benefit the local police and volunteer fire
companies, and receiving donations made payable to the committee.
Facts: As Solicitor for Middletown Township ( "Township "), Bucks County,
Pennsylvania, you seek an advisory on behalf of Township Supervisor Lisa M. Pflaumer
( "Pflaumer ") and Township Auditor Georgianna Ramella ( "Ramella "). You have
submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
Pflaumer and Ramella serve on a committee that will manage and run the
"Second Annual Fund Raising Dinner" to benefit the local police and volunteer fire
companies. The dinner will be held on September 10, 2004. You state that any
donations made to the committee will be used solely for the benefit of the dinner; any
funds collected in excess of the dinner will be turned over to the police and fire
companies.
Funds will be sent to Pflaumer and Ramella made payable to the Committee.
You state that neither Pflaumer nor Ramella will receive any benefit, pecuniary or
otherwise. You further state that neither Pflaumer nor Ramella nor any member of their
immediate families is involved in any business that will receive any pecuniary benefit by
Downey /Pflaumer /Ramella, 04 -588
August 24, 2004
Page 2
reason of the dinner. Finally, you note that neither Pflaumer nor Ramella will receive
any fee for their efforts relative to the dinner.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you ask whether Pflaumer or Ramella would
transgress the Ethics Act by fulfilling their duties as members of the committee to
manage the Second Annual Fund Raising Dinner.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts that the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is further initially noted that, pursuant to the same aforesaid Sections of the
Ethics Act, an opinion /advice may be given only as to prospective (future) conduct. If
the activity in question has already occurred, the Commission may not issue an
opinion /advice but any person may then submit a signed and sworn complaint, which
will be investigated by the Commission if there are allegations of Ethics Act violations by
a person who is subject to the Ethics Act. To the extent you have inquired as to
conduct that has already occurred, such past conduct may not be addressed in the
context of an advisory opinion. However, to the extent you have inquired as to future
conduct, your inquiry may, and shall be addressed.
Township Supervisor Pflaumer and Township Auditor Ramella are public officials
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Downey /Pflaumer /Ramella, 04 -588
August 24, 2004
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /public employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based
upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official/
public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of
the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely
to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(f).
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an
open and public process be observed as to the contract with the governmental body
and that the public official /public employee not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the contract with the
governmental body.
Downey /Pflaumer /Ramella, 04 -588
August 24, 2004
Page 4
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official /public
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the facts that you have
submitted, you are advised that in the absence of: (1) any use of authority of office by
Pflaumer or Ramella for a private pecuniary benefit contrary to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act; (2) any improper influence contrary to Section 1103(b) or Section 1103(c) of
the Ethics Act; or (3) any improper contracting /subcontracting contrary to Section
1103(f) of the Ethics Act, the submitted facts do not reveal any basis for concluding that
Pflaumer or Ramella would run afoul of the Ethics Act with regard to serving on the
committee to manage and run the Second Annual Fund Raising Dinner to benefit the
local police and volunteer fire companies, and specifically, receiving donations made
payable to the committee.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Downey /Pflaumer /Ramella, 04 -588
August 24, 2004
Page 5
Conclusion: As a Supervisor for Middletown Township ( "Township "), Bucks County,
Pennsylvania, Lisa M. Pflaumer ( "Pflaumer ") is a public official subject to the provisions
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
As a Township Auditor, Georgianna Ramella ( "Ramella ") is also a public official subject
to the Ethics Act. In the absence of: (1) any use of authority of office by Pflaumer or
Ramella for a private pecuniary benefit contrary to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act; (2)
any improper influence contrary to Section 1103(b) or Section 1103(c) of the Ethics Act;
or (3) any improper contracting /subcontracting contrary to Section 1103(f) of the Ethics
Act, the submitted facts do not reveal any basis for concluding that Pflaumer or Ramella
would run afoul of the Ethics Act with regard to serving on the committee to manage
and run the Second Annual Fund Raising Dinner to benefit the local police and
volunteer fire companies, and specifically, receiving donations made payable to the
committee. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel