HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-554 Confidential(3)
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 26, 2004
04 -554
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Pennsylvania Legislator; Legislative
Employee; Postion Classification A; Contract Between Legislator /Caucus and
Parent of Legislative Employee.
This responds to your letter of April 26, 2004, by which you requested
confidential advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibition or restrictions upon a
Pennsylvania legislator or legislative employee employed by the legislator with regard to
a proposed personal services contract between the legislator or his caucus and an
entity owned and operated by a parent of the legislative employee.
Facts: You request an advisory on behalf of an unidentified Pennsylvania
eggisTtor (hereinafter, "Legislator "). The Legislator wishes to enter into a personal
services contract with an entity owned and operated by the parent of a staff person the
Legislator employs (hereinafter, "Legislative Employee'). The contract will be valued at
more than $500.00 and will not be awarded through an open and public process. You
indicate that the contract may name the caucus to which the Legislator belongs as one
party to the contract.
The Legislative Employee's position classification is Position Classification A.
According to the job description, employees in this classification work:
[Quote].
You request advice as to the following:
(1) Whether the Legislative Employee is a public employee subject to the
Ethics Act;
(2) Whether the proposed contract would present a conflict of interest for the
Legislator or Legislative Employee under 65 Pa. C.S. § 1103(a); and
Whether the proposed contract would violate § 1103(f) of the Ethics Act as
to the Legislator or Legislative Employee, given that the contracting entity
is a business with which a parent of the Legislative Employee is
associated.
Confidential Advice 04 -554
May 26, 2004
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts that the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Member of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Legislator on whose
behalf you have inquired is a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Additionally, based upon the submitted portion of the Legislative Employee's job
description, the Legislative Employee is a public employee subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflict of interest are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
Confidential Advice 04 -554
May 26, 2004
Page 3
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company, stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official /public
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
Confidential Advice 04 -554
May 26, 2004
Page 4
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(f) (Emphasis added).
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the questions presented, as
noted above, the Legislator would be a public official and the Legislative Employee
would be a public employee subject to the Ethics Act.
The proposed contract would present a conflict of interest for the Legislative
Employee because the contracting entity is a business with which the Legislative
Employee's parent is associated. Based upon the submitted facts, there is no basis for
concluding that a conflict of interest would exist for the Legislator as to the proposed
contract.
Finally, based upon the submitted facts, the proposed contract would not cause
the Legislator or Legislative Employee to transgress Section 1103(f). That Section only
applies as to contracts /subcontracts involving the public official /public employee, his
spouse or child, or a business with which the public official /public employee or his
spouse or child is associated. It does not apply as to a contract involving a business
with which a parent is associated.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Legislative Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: The Pennsylvania Legislator on whose behalf ou have inquired is a
public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and y Employee Ethics Act
( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. The Legislative Employee about whom
have inquired is a public employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. The
Legislative Employee would have a conflict of interest as to the proposed personal
services contract between the Legislator /Legislator's Caucus and an entity owned and
operated by a parent of the Legislative Employee. Under the submitted facts, there is no
basis for concluding that a conflict of interest would exist for the Legislator as to the
proposed contract. Under the submitted facts, the proposed contract would not cause the
Legislator or Legislative Employee to transgress Section 1103(f), which Section does not
apply as to a contract involving a business with which a parent is associated. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Confidential Advice 04 -554
May 26, 2004
Page 5
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787 -0806. Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel