HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-532 FallicaJane C. Pomerantz, Esquire
Deputy Chief Counsel
Office of Chief Counsel
Employment Security Division
10 Floor, Labor & Industry Building
Seventh and Forster Streets
Harrisburg, PA 17121
Dear Ms. Pomerantz:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 26, 2004
Re: Public Official; SFI; Member; Local Workforce Investment Board.
04 -532
This responds to your letter dated March 24, 2004, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a member of a local workforce investment board would be
considered a "public official" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (the
"Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission, and particularly, the requirements for filing Statements of Financial
Interests.
Facts: As Deputy Chief Counsel for the Department of Labor and Industry ( "L & I "),
you seek an advisory on behalf of Margaret Fallica ( "Fallica "), an L & I employee. In
addition to being employed by L & I, Fallica serves as a member of the Westmoreland/
Fayette Workforce Investment Board.
You have submitted an attachment containing, inter alia, provisions of the federal
Workforce Investment Act of 1988 ("Workforce Investment Act'), 29 U.S.C. § 2801 et
sect. and the Pennsylvania Workforce Development Act ( "Workforce Development
Act'), 24 P.S. § 6250.101 et seq., which attachment is incorporated herein by reference.
It is administratively noted that the Workforce Investment Act is a federal statute,
the purpose of which is to "provide workforce investment activities, through statewide
and local workforce investment systems, that increase the employment, retention, and
earnings of participants, and increase occupational skill attainment by participants, and,
as a result, improve the quality of the workforce, reduce welfare dependency, and
enhance the productivity and competitiveness of the Nation." 29 U.S.C. § 2811. The
Workforce Investment Act authorizes the Governor to establish in each local area of a
state, a local workforce investment board to be certified by the Governor, to set policy
Pomerantz /Fallica 04 -532
April 26, 2004
Page 2
for the portion of the Statewide workforce investment system within the local workforce
investment system. 29 U.S.C. § 2832. In addition, the Workforce Investment Act
authorizes the chief elected official in the local area to appoint the members of the local
workforce investment board. 29 U.S.C. § 2832(c).
It is further administratively noted that the Workforce Development Act establishes
a local workforce investment board in each local workforce investment area of the
Commonwealth to "advise and assist the chief elected official in the county or counties
served by the local workforce investment board by setting policy to promote effective
workforce investment programs in a designated geographic area. 24 P.S. § 6250.501.
Members of a local workforce investment board are appointed by the "chief elected official
of the city, county or counties that participate in the local workforce investment board." 24
P.S. 6250.502. Each member of the Westmoreland /Fayette Workforce Investment
Board - is appointed by that member's home county's board of commissioners.
The question you pose is whether Fallica, solely in her capacity as a Member of
the Westmoreland /Fayette Workforce Investment Board, would be considered a "public
official" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1'107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which liave not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is further initially noted that this advisory only addresses the conduct of those
individuals who have specifically given you their permission to submit your inquiry on
their behalf. As to all others, you are considered a third party without legal standing.
The term "public official" is defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Public official." Any person elected by the public or
elected or appointed by a governmental body or an
appointed official in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of this Commonwealth or any political subdivision
thereof, provided that it shall not include members of
advisory boards that have no authority to expend public
funds other than reimbursement for personal expense or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or any political
subdivision thereof.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define the term "public
official" and set forth the following additional criteria that are used to determine whether
the advisory board exception applies:
(i) The following criteria will be used to determine if
the exception in this paragraph is applicable:
(A) The body will be deemed to have the power to
expend public funds if the body may commit funds or may
Pomerantz /Fallica 04 -532
April 26, 2004
Page 3
otherwise make payment of monies, enter into contracts,
invest funds held in reserves, make loans or grants, borrow
money, issue bonds, employ staff, purchase, lease, acquire
or sell real or personal property without the consent or
approval of the governing body and the effect of the power to
expend public funds has a greater than de minimis economic
impact on the interest of a person.
(B) The body will be deemed to have the authority to
otherwise exercise the power of the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision if one of the following exists:
(I) The body makes binding decisions or orders
adjudicating substantive issues which are appealable to a
body or person other than the governing authority.
(11) The body exercises a basic power of
government and performs essential governmental functions.
(III) The governing authority is bound by statute or
ordinance to accept and enforce the rulings of the body.
(IV) The body may compel the governing authority to
act in accordance with the body's decisions or restrain the
governing authority from acting contrary to the body's
decisions.
(V) The body makes independent decisions which
are effective without approval of the governing authority.
(VI) The body may adopt, amend and repeal
resolutions, rules, regulations or ordinances.
(VII) The body has the power of eminent domain or
condemnation.
(VIII)The enabling legislation of the body indicates
that the body is established for exercising public powers of
the Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
(ii) The term does not include judges and inspectors
of elections, notary publics and political party officers.
(iii) The term generally includes persons in the
following offices:
(A) Incumbents of offices filled by nomination of the
Governor and confirmation of the Senate.
(B) Heads of executive, legislative and independent
agencies, boards and commissions.
(C) Members of agencies, boards and commissions
appointed by the General Assembly or its officers.
(D) Persons appointed to positions designated as
officers by the Commonwealth or its political subdivisions.
Pomerantz /Fallica 04 -532
April 26, 2004
Page 4
(E) Members of municipal, industrial development,
housing, parking and similar authorities.
(F) Members of zoning hearing boards and similar
quasi-judicial bodies.
(G) Members of the public bodies meeting the
criteria in paragraph (i)(A).
51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
In applying the first portion of the Ethics Act's definition of "public official" to the
above, a public official is a person who: (1) is elected by the public; (2) is elected or
appointed by a governmental body; or (3) is an appointed official in the executive,
legislative or judicial branch of the Commonwealth or a political subdivision of the
Commonwealth. Muscalus, Opinion 02 -007. Pursuant to the Workforce Development
Act, a member of a local workforce investment board is appointed by the "chief elected
official" of the city, county or counties that participate in the local workforce investment
board. 24 P.S. § 6250.502(b). The definition of "chief elected official" under the
Workforce Development Act includes the following: the mayor of a city of the first or
second class; the chair of the board of commissioners of a county or an individual acting
in that capacity; the county executive in a home rule charter county or optional plan
county; and the county executive in a county of the second class which has opted for a
home rule under the Second Class County Code. 24 P.S. 6250.103. Given the
foregoing statutory provisions, it is clear that Fallica, as a Member of the Westmorland/
Fayette Workforce Investment Board, would satisfy the first portion of the Ethics Act's
definition of "public official" as a person who is appointed by a governmental body.
In considering the remainder of the definition, Fallica as a Member of the
Westmoreland /Fayette Workforce Investment Board would not fall within the statutory
exception for members of purely advisory boards. Pursuant to the Workforce
Investment Act, the functions of a local board include, inter alia, developing and
submitting a local plan to the Governor; designating or certif ing one -stop operators and
terminating for cause the eligibility of such operators; awarding grants or contracts on a
competitive basis; developing a budget to carry out the duties of the local workforce
investment board subject to the approval of the chief elected official; directing the local
grant recipient to disburse grant funds for workforce investment activities; employing
staff; soliciting and accepting grants and donations from sources other than Federal
funds; and assisting the Governor in developing the statewide employment statistics
system. See, Workforce Investment Act, 29 U.S.C. § 2832(d). Further, the Workforce
Development Act provides that the responsibilities of a local workforce investment board
include, inter alia, developing and implementing a unified workforce investment plan;
authorizi g9tie use of local workforce investment funds; and assisting in establishing
eligibility for welfare -to -work activities under section 403(a)(5) of the Social Security Act
and programs of financial aid assistance. See, Workforce Development Act, 24 P.S. §
6250.504(b). Given the foregoing functions, the Westmoreland /Fayette Workforce
Investment Board would be not be a purely advisory board, and Fallica, as a Board
Member, would not fall within the advisory board exception.
Status as a "public official" subject to the Ethics Act is determined by applying the
above definition and criteria to the position held. The focus is necessarily upon the
position itself, and not upon the individual incumbent in the position, the variable
functions of the position, or the manner in which a particular individual occupying the
position may carry out those functions, and See, Philips v. State Ethics Commission,
470 A.2d 659 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1984); Mummau v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp. 402 (E.D.
Pa. 1982). Furthermore, the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania has directed that
coverage under the Ethics Act be construed broadly and that exclusions under the
Ethics Act be construed narrowly. See, Phillips, supra.
Pomerantz /Fallica 04 -532
April 26, 2004
Page 5
Based upon the foregoing judicial directives, the provisions of the Ethics Act, the
State Ethics Commission Regulations, and the opinions of the State Ethics
Commission, in light of Fallica's duties and responsibilities as an appointed Member of
the Westmoreland /Fayette Workforce Investment Board, the necessary conclusion is
that she is a "public official" subject to the financial reporting and disclosure
requirements of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As an appointed Member of the Westmoreland /Fayette Workforce
Investment Board, Margaret Fallica ( "Fallica ") is to be considered a "public official"
subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State
Ethics Commission. Accordingly, Fallica must file a Statement of Financial Interests
each year in which she holds the aforesaid position and the year following her
termination of such service.
If Fallica has not already done so, she must file a Statement of Financial
Interests within 30 days of this Advice.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787 -0806. Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel