HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-517 TobinDiane Tobin
7 Maple Avenue
Pine Grove, PA 17963
Dear Ms. Tobin:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 3, 2004
04 -517
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Township; Supervisor; Landfill; Immediate
Family; Spouse's Aunt.
This responds to your letter of January 30, 2004, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a township
supervisor as to voting on landfill expansion issues when the supervisor's spouse's aunt
lives on adjacent property to the landfill, and the adjacent property will not be affected
by or be involved in the landfill expansion.
Facts: As a member of the Board of Supervisors of Pine Grove Township
ownship"), you request an advisory from the State Ethics Commission based upon
the following submitted facts.
At the present time, issues involving the expansion of a landfill are being
considered by the Township. Your spouse s aunt lives on adjacent property to the
landfill. Your spouse's aunt was married to your spouse's late uncle who was your
father -in -law's brother. You state that the expansion issues do not include or involve
land owned by your spouse's aunt. The first question you pose is whether you would
have a conflict of interest as to voting on landfill expansion issues.
The second question you pose is whether two other Township Supervisors would
have a conflict of interest as to landfill issues when they were formerly members of a
local citizens group which is fighting the expansion of the landfill and fighting to close
the facility or when members of their immediate family are presently members of that
local citizens group. You state that the local citizens group has recently threatened the
Township with possible litigation.
Tobin, 04 -517
March 3, 2004
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107 (11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which liave not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Township Supervisor, you are a public official as that term is defined in the
Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Tobin, 04 -517
March 3, 2004
Page 3
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official/
public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In response to your first question, the term "immediate family" as defined in the
Ethics Act includes a parent, child, spouse, brother, or sister. A spouse's aunt is not
included within the definition of "immediate family." Therefore, absent a use of authority
of office by you for a private pecuniary benefit of yourself, a member or your immediate
family, or a business with which ou or a member of your immediate family is
associated, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from participating
on landfill expansion issues.
Tobin, 04 -517
March 3, 2004
Page 4
The second question which you have posed regarding the two other Township
Supervisors may not be addressed because those individuals have not specifically
given you their permission to submit your inquiry on their behalf and thus, you are
considered a third party without legal standing. However, it is suggested that you
review DeLano, Opinion 88 -008 for general informational purposes only.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: As a member of the Board of Supervisors of Pine Grove Township
(" I ownship "), you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. In response to your
question as to whether you would have a conflict of interest as to participating on landfill
expansion issues when your spouse's aunt lives on adjacent property to the landfill, you
are advised that a spouse's aunt is not included within the definition of "immediate
family." Therefore, absent a use of authority of office by you for a private pecuniary
benefit of yourself, a member or your immediate family, or a business with which you or
a member of your immediate family is associated, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act
would not prohibit you from participating on landfill expansion issues. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787 -0806. Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel