HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-516 HazzardKelly B. Hazzard
Diversified Data Systems, Inc.
850 Wesley Drive
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Dear Ms. Hazzard:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 2, 2004
04 -516
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Information Technology Generalist I;
Department of General Services.
This responds to your letter of January 26, 2004, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Ha.G.S. § 1101 et seq., presents any restrictions upon employment of an Information
Technology Generalist I following termination of service with the Department of General
Services C'DGS ").
Facts: On June 27, 2003, you retired from DGS as an Information Technology
Z eralist 1. You have submitted a job description, which is incorporated herein by
reference.
As an Information Technology Generalist 1, you reported to the Deputy Secretary
for Procurement who was Sharon Minnich under the Ridge Administration, and David
Yarin under the Rendell Administration. You state that you were not responsible or
involved in any state grants or loans.
Your retirement from DGS marked the second time you retired from
Commonwealth service, having reviously retired from the Department of
Environmental Resources ( "DER "). Following your retirement from DER, you state that
you requested and received guidance from the State Ethics Commission, which advised
you that you were restricted from soliciting business from DER for a period of one year.
You assumed that the same restrictions that applied to you following your retirement
from DER would apply to you following your retirement from DGS.
You have accepted a sales position with Diversified Data Systems, Inc. ( "DDS "),
a woman -owned business that is also a DGS certified SERB vendor. You ask what
Hazzard 04 -516
March 2, 2004
Page 2
limitations and restrictions would be imposed upon you by the Ethics Act following your
termination of employment from DGS.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107 (11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is further initially noted that, pursuant to the same aforesaid Sections of the
Ethics Act, an opinion /advice may be given only as to prospective (future) conduct. If
the activity in question has already occurred, the Commission may not issue an
opinion /advice but any person may then submit a signed and sworn complaint which will
be investigated by the Commission if there are allegations of Ethics Act violations by a
person who is subject to the Ethics Act.
In the former capacity as an Information Technology Generalist 1 for DGS, you
would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations
of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This
conclusion is based upon the job which when reviewed on an objective
basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a
non - ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the following: contracting;
procurement; planning; inspecting; administering or monitoring grants; leasing;
regulating; auditing; or other activities where the economic impact is greater than de
minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
Hazzard 04 -516
March 2, 2004
Page 3
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee-hiimself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official /public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of public service. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
Hazzard 04 -516
March 2, 2004
Page 4
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90=006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
For purposes of this Advice, the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service is DGS in its entirety including, but not
limited to, the Office of the Deputy Secretary for Procurement. Therefore, for the first
year after termination of service with DGS, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before DGS.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, you are
advised that although the Ethics Act would not preclude you from accepting employment
with DDS, it would restrict your conduct in your new position to the extent that such
conduct would constitute prohibited "representation" before DGS during the one year
period, as delineated above. As noted above, this advice is expressly limited to
addressing your inquiry as it relates to future conduct; an inquiry that relates to conduct
which has already occurred may not be addressed in the context of an advisory opinion.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as Information Technology Generalist 1 with
the Department of General Services ('DGS "), you would be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Upon termination of service with DGS, you became a "former
public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. For purposes of this
Advice, the former governmental body is DGS in its entirety including, but not limited to,
the Office of the Deputy Secretary for Procurement.
The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. The
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Hazzard 04 -516
March 2, 2004
Page 5
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel