HomeMy WebLinkAbout04-506 MorningstarKathy E. Morningstar
11562 N. Lake Road
Espyville, PA 16424
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
January 27, 2004
04 -506
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Boyfriend /Girlfriend; Immediate Family;
Auditor; Township; Voting to Set Supervisors' Wages.
Dear Ms. Morningstar:
This responds to your faxed letter of December 30, 2003, by which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a township auditor
with regard to voting o set the supervisors' wages when one of the supervisors is the
township auditor's boyfriend.
Facts: You are a newly elected auditor for North Shenango Township
ownship"), having been elected as a write -in, rather than as a petition candidate.
In a private capacity, you are a subcontractor providing specialized office
services for your boyfriend's automobile repossession business. Your boyfriend, with
whom you reside, is a member of the Township Board of Supervisors, a three - member
Board.
You state that you and your boyfriend maintain separate finances, and that your
boyfriend pays for all the household living expenses such as the utilities and the house
payment.
Given the above, you ask whether as a Township Auditor, you must abstain from
voting to set the supervisors' wages. You also ask whether there would be other areas
where you might have a conflict of interest.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and (11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
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January 27, 2004
Page 2
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As a Township Auditor, you are a "public official" as that term is defined in the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), and hence you are subject to the
provisions of that law.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public employee
shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms that pertain to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
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January 27, 2004
Page 3
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -5.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the circumstances which you
have submitted, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Since the term "immediate family" is defined to include a parent, spouse, child,
brother or sister, and since a boyfriend /girlfriend is not in a familial relationship
delineated above, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you as a
Township Auditor from participating in setting the wages of the Supervisors. This
conclusion is consistent with Pulice v. State Ethics Commission, 713 A.2d 161 (Pa.
Commw. 1998), appeal denied, 557 Pa. 642, 742 A.2d 1211 (1998), wherein the
Commonwealth Court reversed an order of the State Ethics Commission which found a
violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law where a public official used the authority of
office to create a new employment position and to appoint his son -in -law to that
position. The Court found that the Commission committed an error of law by including
son -in -law" as an immediate family member stating, "[T]he Commission cannot enlarge
the definition of "immediate family" in the face of clear legislative intent." Id. at 713
A.2d 165.
Furthermore, the fact that you are a subcontractor providing specialized office
services for your boyfriend's business would not provide the basis for a conflict relative
to your participation in setting the Supervisors' wages.
Generally speaking, as noted above, you would have a conflict of interest in
situations involving a use of authority of office or confidential information for a private
pecuniary benefit of yourself, a member of your immediate family, or a business with
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January 27, 2004
Page 4
which you or a member of your immediate family is associated. In each instance of a
conflict, you would be required to abstain from participating and to observe the
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As an Auditor for North Shenango Township ( "Township "), you are a
"public official" subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
('Ethics Act "), Act 93 of 1998, Chapter 11. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not
restrict you as a Township Auditor from participating in setting the wages of the
Supervisor because your boyfriend is not a member of your immediate family as that
term is defined under the Ethics Act. Furthermore, the fact that you are a subcontractor
providing specialized office services for your boyfriend's business would not provide the
basis for a conflict relative to your participation in setting the Supervisors' wages.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(hl. The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel