HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-589 MurphyJohn E. Murphy, Jr.
Vice President
Investment Representative
UnionNationalAdvisors
101 East Main Street
P.O. Box 567
Mount Joy, PA 17552
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 11, 2003
03 -589
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Township; Supervisor; Business With Which
Associated; Investment; Retirement Plan.
Dear Mr. Murphy:
This responds to your letter of August 7, 2003, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
1a. =S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibitions or restrictions upon a township
supervisor who, in his private capacity as vice president and investment representative
of a financial institution, advises township supervisors and township employees on how
to invest their retirement assets when the financial institution by which he is employed is
bidding on a contract to administer the township's retirement plan.
Facts: You currently hold the position of Vice President and Investment
Fsentative with UnionNationalAdvisors, a division of Union National Community
Bank, headquartered in Mount Joy, Pennsylvania.
In May, ou won the primaries as the Republican candidate for the position of
Supervisor of East Donegal Township ( "Township "). If elected in November, you would
begin your post in January 2004.
You state that at the resent time, Union National Community Bank has a
banking relationship with the Township. You further state that UnionNationalAdvisors
is bidding on the Township retirement plan and 457 plan.
In your role with UnionNationalAdvisors, you would be advising Township
employees on how to invest their retirement assets. You state your belief that you
would not have any conflicts of interest now or in the future in providing investment
advice. However, you state that as a Township Supervisor, you would abstain from any
Murphy 03 -589
September 11, 2003
Page 2
vote where a decision would be made to direct new business to Union National
Community Bank.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1'107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
If you would win the election for Township Supervisor, you would, upon assuming
office, become a public official as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you
would be subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or which affects
to the same degree a class consisting of the general public or
a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other
group which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he
or a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
Murphy 03 -589
September 11, 2003
Page 3
"Financial interest." Any financial interest in a legal
entity engaged in business for profit which comprises more
than 5% of the equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in indebtedness.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. The term shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as
one party and a public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary,
wage, retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(f).
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an
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September 11, 2003
Page 4
"open and public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental body.
Pursuant to Section 1103(f), an "open and public process" includes:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act also requires that the public official /employee
may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official /public employee is
from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received
Murphy 03 -589
September 11, 2003
Page 5
by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry, it is noted that
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act pertaining to conflicts of interest does not prohibit
public officials /public employees from having outside business activities or employment;
however, the public official /public employee may not use the authority of his public
position - -or confidential information obtained by being in that position- -for the
advancement of his own private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. Examples of conduct that would be prohibited
under Section 1103(a) would include: (1) the pursuit of a private business opportunity in
the course of public action, Metrick, Order 1037; (2) the use of governmental facilities,
such as governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research materials, or
other property, or the use of governmental personnel, to conduct private business
activities, Freind, Order 800; Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in an official
capacity as to matters involving the business with which the public official /public
employee is associated in his private capacity, Gorman, Order 1041, or private client(s).
Miller, Opinion 89 -024; Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010.
If the private employer or business with which the public official /public employee
is associated or a private client would have a matter pending before the governmental
body, the public official /public employee would have a conflict of interest as to such
matter. Miller, supra; Kannebecker, supra. A reasonable and legitimate expectation
that a business relationship will form may also support a finding of a conflict of interest.
Amato, Opinion 89 -002. In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official/
public employee would be required to abstain from participation and to satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 11030) set forth above. The abstention requirement
would not be limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office
including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a
particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
UnionNationalAdvisors is a business with which you, as its Vice President and
Investment Representative, are associated. Furthermore, given that UnionNationalAdvisors
is a "division" of Union National Community Bank, with which the Township has a banking
relationship, it would appear that the two are not separate corporate entities; therefore,
Union National Community Bank would also be a business with which you are associated.
As a Township Supervisor, you generally would have a conflict under Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act as to matters involving both UnionNationalAdvisors and Union
National Communit y Bank including, but not limited to, the contract for the Township's
retirement plan and 457 plan, and banking matters involving Union National Community
Bank. You would also have a conflict as to private clients of UnionNationalAdvisors and
Union National Community Bank. In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to
abstain and observe the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
With respect to the Township's retirement plan and 457 plan, the requirements of
Section 1103(f) must be strictly observed. Under the facts that you have submitted, the
governmental body with which you would be associated would be the Township.
Accordingly, a contract between UnionNationalAdvisors and the Township would trigger
the applicability of the restrictions of Section 1103(f) in that such contract would be $500
or more.
As to the specific question you have posed, you are advised as follows. In your
capacity as Vice President and Investment Representative with UnionNationalAdvisors,
you would not be precluded from giving investment advice to Township employees and
Township Supervisors provided that you would not, in whole or in part use your public
position as a Township Supervisor to solicit business from Township employees or
Township Supervisors. Guloien, Opinion 90 -011. In this regard, you must exercise
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September 11, 2003
Page 6
diligence and care to ensure that your status as a Township Supervisor would not be used
in your solicitation of business from such persons. Id. If as a result of your solicitations,
business relationships would form such that Township Supervisors or Township employees
would become clients of UnionNationalAdvisors /Union National Community Bank, you
would have a conflict of interest as to such clients, could not participate, and would be
required to observe the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j). Id.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: If you would win the election for Supervisor of East Donegal
I ownship, you would, upon assuming office, become a public official suNect to the
provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et seq. Both UnionNationalAdvisors and Union National Community Bank, with which the
Township has a banking relationship, are businesses with which you are associated. As a
Township Supervisor, you generally would have a conflict under Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act as to matters involving both UnionNationalAdvisors and Union National
Community Bank including, but not limited to, the contract for the Township's retirement
plan and 457 plan, and banking matters involving Union National Community Bank. You
would also have a conflict as to private clients of UnionNationalAdvisors and Union
National Community Bank. In each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain
and observe the disclosure requirements of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act. A contract
between UnionNationalAdvisors and the Township would trigger the applicability of the
restrictions of Section 1103(f) in that such contract would be $500 or more. The Ethics Act
would not prohibit you in your capacity as Vice President and Investment Representative
with UnionNationalAdvisors from giving investment advice to Township employees and
Township Supervisors provided that you would not use your status as a Township
Supervisor to solicit business from such persons. Guloien, Opinion 90 -011. If as a result of
your solicitations, business relationships would form such that Township Supervisors or
Township employees would become clients of UnionNationalAdvisors /Union National
Community Bank, you would have a conflict of interest as to such clients, could not
participate, and would be required to observe the disclosure requirements of Section
11030)).
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
Murphy 03 -589
September 11, 2003
Page 7
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel