HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-565 DeBordJames W. DeBord
Executive Policy Director
Pennsylvania Department of Revenue
Executive Office
1133 Strawberry Square
Harrisburg, PA 17128 -1100
Dear Mr. DeBord:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 1, 2003
03 -565
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Executive Policy Director; Pennsylvania
Department of Revenue; Business; Client; Slot Machine Gaming; Horse Racing;
Report; Prior Employment.
This responds to your letter of June 4, 2003, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an Executive Policy
Director for the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue as to participation in matters
regarding the potential for the legalization of slot machine gaming when in his prior
private employment, his firm prepared a report for a client regarding the potential
benefits to the horse racing industry if slot gaming were legalized and when that client in
turn supplied the report to its own client that is seeking a horse racing license in
Pennsylvania.
Facts: You are currently serving as the Executive Policy Director for the
Pennsylvania Department of Revenue since April 28, 2003. You have enclosed an
organizational chart of the Department of Revenue as a reference, which is
incorporated by reference.
In your position you have the responsibility for conducting research on various
public policy issues as they relate to the Department of Revenue and writing various
documents pertaining to the public policy issues you deal with that have included
briefing memos, reports, letters and e- mails.
In recent weeks you have dealt with, in a limited capacity, the gaming issue, in
the context of the possible legalization of slots in Pennsylvania. To date, the extent of
your work has been to review drafts of the legislative proposals regarding the
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legalization of slots, and the testimony of the Secretary of Revenue regarding his
testimony in favor of the legislation of slots before the Senate Finance Committee.
To date, you have not made any specific recommendations as to the content of
the legislative proposals, and made only minor changes to the Secretary's testimony.
Those suggested changes did not relate to the official position of the administration on
the gaming issue; you made stylistic changes only concerning the flow of testimony.
Prior to your Commonwealth employment, you worked for a firm that had a client,
Public Affairs Consultants (PAC), a Harrisburg, PA based consulting firm that deals in
real estate and regulatory matters. In 2002/2003, (prior to your employment with the
Department of Revenue) PAC hired your firm to prepare a research report on the horse
racing industry in Pennsylvania, including the potential benefits for that industry if slots
were legalized. The payment for that research work came directly from PAC which was
the only business entity with which your firm signed a contract for the research project.
However, PAC gave the research report to its client, Centaur Gaming (Centaur)
of Indianapolis, IN. Centaur, operates horseracing tracks in other states and seeks a
horse racing license in Pennsylvania. If granted that license, Centaur would likely
benefit from the legalization of slot machines in Pennsylvania.
You state that you did not have any direct business dealings with Centaur during
the course of preparing the research report or any time thereafter. All work done by you
or your firm during that time period was done only with PAC.
You currently have no involvement with the awarding of horse racing licenses, a
matter that would directly benefit Centaur. Through your request, you intend to make
the Commission aware of the work that you have done in the past, so that you might
receive an advisory as to the current work you perform on the gaming issue. You want
to make certain that there are no conflicts of interest between your former work and
current role at the Department of Revenue.
Since you have been asked to review matters dealing with the potential
legalization of slots, you seek advice from the State Ethics Commission on the work you
had previously done for a client of your research firm prior to your employment with the
Department of Revenue.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
Pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and (11) of the Ethics Act, an opinion /advice may
only be given as to future conduct. If the activity has already occurred, the Commission
may not issue an opinion /advice but may investigate the matter if a signed and sworn
complaint alleging violations of the Ethics Act is filed with the Commission.
As an Executive Policy Director for the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue,
you are a public employee as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are
subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
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§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
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taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official /public employee from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In responding to your request, you are advised that past conduct is not
addressed in advisories, only future /perspective conduct. Consequently, this advice
cannot and will not address the propriety of your past conduct.
In applying Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act as to your perspective conduct, you
would have a conflict generally as to any matter that would result in a private pecuniary
benefit to you, an immediate family member, or business with which you or an
immediate family member is associated. As to Centaur, since it appears from the
submitted facts that you have no financial interest in that business entity, you would not
have a conflict as to matters that Centaur would have before the Department of
Revenue.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As an Executive Police Director for the Pennsylvania Department of
Revenue, you are a public employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. In applying Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act as to your perspective conduct, you, as Executive Policy
Director, would have a conflict generally as to any matter that would result in a private
pecuniary benefit to you, an immediate family member, or business with which you or
an immediate family member is associated. As to Centaur Gaming that may have
matters pending before the Department of Revenue, since it appears from the facts that
you have no financial interest in that business entity, you would not have a conflict as to
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Centaur. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel