HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-563 WilliamsDonald E. Williams, Esquire
White, Williams & Lare
172 Middletown Boulevard
The Lofts at Oxford Valley, Suite 203
Langhorne, PA 19047
Re:
Dear Mr. Williams:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 30, 2003
03 -563
Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Assistant County Solicitor; County; Client;
Cellular Communications Company; County Planning Commission; Municipal
Approvals.
This responds to your letters of May 20 and June 3, 2003, by which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Ha.GS. 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an Assistant
County Solicitor as to whether he may represent cellular communication companies
which seek municipal approvals for cellular communications equipment (such as cell
towers) if the County Planning Commission provides non-binding advice/
recommendations to the municipalities.
Facts: You serve as Assistant County Solicitor for the County of Bucks. Although
you were appointed by the County Commissioners, you are a part -time employee of the
County.
You request an advisory as to whether you may represent cellular
communication companies which seek to obtain municipal approvals for cellular
communications equipment (such as cell towers). The Bucks County Planning
Commission may serve in an advisory capacity with its recommendations being non-
binding on local municipalities. Because there is a possibility that the approval process
may require a review by the Bucks County Planning Commission, an issue has arisen
as to whether you have a conflict as the Assistant County Solicitor.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
Williams 03 -563
June 30, 2003
Page 2
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As an Assistant County Solicitor for the County of Bucks you are a public
employee as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the
provisions of that Act. See, P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 555 Pa. 149, 723 A.2d
174 (1999).
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company, stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated " Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
Williams 03 -563
June 30, 2003
Page 3
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry, it is noted that
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act pertaining to conflicts of interest does not prohibit
public officials /public employees from having outside business activities or employment;
however, the public official /public employee may not use the authority of his public
position - -or confidential information obtained by being in that position- -for the
advancement of his own private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. Examples of conduct that would be prohibited
under Section 1103(a) would include: (1) the pursuit of a private business opportunity in
the course of public action, Metrick, Order 1037; (2) the use of governmental facilities,
such as governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research materials, or
other property, or the use of governmental personnel, to conduct private business
activities, Freind, Order 800; Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in an official
capacity as to matters involving the business with which the public official /public
Williams 03 -563
June 30, 2003
Page 4
employee is associated in his private capacity, Gorman, Order 1041, or private client(s).
Miller, Opinion 89 -024; Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010.
If the private employer or business with which the public official /public employee
is associated or a private client would have a matter pending before the governmental
body, the public official /public employee would have a conflict of interest as to such
matter. Miller, supra; Kannebecker, supra. A reasonable and legitimate expectation
that a business relationship will form may also support a finding of a conflict of interest.
Amato, Opinion 89 -002. In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public
official /public employee would be required to abstain from participation and to satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 11030) set forth above. The abstention requirement
would not be limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office
including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a
particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
Your law firm is a "business" as that term is defined under the Ethics Act.
Further, as a partner in that law firm, the firm is a "business with which ---[you are]-- -
associated" as that term is defined under the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. §1102. As
Assistant County Solicitor, you generally would have a conflict as to County matters
involving your law firm and its clients, including but not limited to the cellular
communications companies. See, Kannebecker, supra. Specifically, if the County
Planning Commission would re�Cn er advice /non - binding recommendation to a local
municipality regarding a requested approval as to your cellular client, you as an
Assistant County Solicitor would have a conflict in such matters, must abstain and
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act, as would be
required in all such instances of conflict.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: As an Assistant County Solicitor for the County of Bucks, you are a
public employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. As Assistant County Solicitor, you generally
would have a conflict as to County matters involving your law firm and its clients,
including but not limited to the cellular communications companies Specifically, if the
County Planning Commission would render advice /non- binding recommendation to a
local municipality regarding a requested approval as to your cellular client, you as an
Assistant County Solicitor would have a conflict in such matters, must abstain and
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act, as would be
required in all such instances of conflict. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Williams 03 -563
June 30, 2003
Page 5
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787 -0806. Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel