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Home My WebLink About22-559 McDermottPHONE: 717-783-1610 TOLL FREE: 1-800-932-0936 To the Requester: Lee Ann McDermott Dear Ms. McDermott: STATE ETHICS COMMISSION FINANCE BUILDING 613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309 HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400 FACSIMILE: 717-787-0806 WEBSITE: www.ethics.pa.gov ADVICE OF COUNSEL December 20, 2022 22-559 This responds to your letter dated November 18, 2022, by which you requested an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ("Commission"), seeking guidance as to the issue presented below: Issue: Facts: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et sec would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon an individual's husband or a real estate appraisal business owned by the individual and her husband with regard to performing real estate appraisals for the Luzerne County Flood Protection Authority, where the individual is a Member of Luzerne County Council. Brief Answer: NO. The Ethics Act would not impose prohibitions or restrictions upon the individual's husband/the real estate appraisal business with regard to performing real estate appraisals for the Luzerne County Flood Protection Authority. You request an advisory from the Commission based upon the following submitted facts. You are a Member of Luzerne County Council. In a private capacity, you co-own a real estate appraisal business named "McDermott Real Estate Appraisals, Inc." (the "Real Estate Appraisal Business") with your husband, who is a Certified Residential Appraiser. You are not a real estate appraiser. The Luzerne County Flood Protection Authority ("Flood Protection Authority") has advertised a Request for Proposals for a real estate appraiser to perform real estate appraisals for McDermott, 22-559 December 20, 2022 Page 2 the Flood Protection Authority. The Flood Protection Authority was organized under the Municipality Authorities Act. No Members of Luzerne County Council serve on the Board of Directors of the Flood Protection Authority. You ask whether the Ethics Act would impose any prohibitions or restrictions upon your husband/the Real Estate Appraisal Business with regard to performing real estate appraisals for the Flood Protection Authority. Discussion: Pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all material facts. Sections 1103(a) and 11030) of the Ethics Act provide: § 1103. Restricted activities (a) Conflict of interest. -- No public official or public employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest. 0) Voting conflict. -- Where voting conflicts are not otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter before it because the number of members of the body required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -member governing body of a political subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two members of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be permitted to McDermott, 22-559 December 20, 2022 Page 3 vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), 11030). The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as follows: § 1102. Definitions "Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public official or public employee of the authority of his office or employment or any confidential information received through his holding public office or employment for the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. The term does not include an action having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which includes the public official or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. "Authority of office or employment." The actual power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a particular public office or position of public employment. "Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother or sister. "Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association, organization, self-employed individual, holding company, joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity organized for profit. "Business with which he is associated." Any business in which the person or a member of the person's immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or has a financial interest. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, pertaining to conflict of interest, imposes restrictions upon public officials and public employees, and not their immediate family members or businesses. Subject to the statutory exclusions to the Ethics Act's definition of the term "conflict" or "conflict of interest," 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, a public official/public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office or confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary (financial) benefit of the public official/public employee himself, McDermott, 22-559 December 20, 2022 Page 4 any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting but extends to any use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809. In each instance of a conflict of interest, a public official/public employee would be required to abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory exceptions of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the disclosure requirements of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied in the event of a voting conflict. Conclusion: In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are advised as follows. As a Member of Luzerne County Council, you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Your husband is a member of your "immediate family" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. The Real Estate Appraisal Business is a business with which you and your husband are associated in your capacities as owners. The Ethics Act would not prohibit your husband/the Real Estate Appraisal Business from performing real estate appraisals for the Flood Protection Authority. In your capacity as a Member of Luzerne County Council, you generally would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matters that would financially impact you, your husband, or the Real Estate Appraisal Business. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory exceptions of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the disclosure requirements of Section 11030) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied in the event of a voting conflict. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Luzerne County Home Rule Charter. Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given. This letter is a public record and will be made available as such. Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission. McDermott, 22-559 December 20, 2022 Page 5 Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal. Respectfully, Bridget K. Guilfo�---�� `�.. yle Chief Counsel