HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-513 MonahanBrian M. Monahan, Esquire
701 Washington Street
Easton, PA 18042
Dear Mr. Monahan:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 5, 2002
02 -513
Re: Public Official /Public Employee; Solicitor; Retained /Employed; Township;
County; Council; Multiple Solicitorships.
This responds to your letter of January 3, 2002, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a municipal solicitor of a second class township who is
retained by - as opposed to being an employee of - the township, with regard to also
serving as a solicitor for a county council.
Facts: You currently serve as the Solicitor for the Township of Williams on a part -
tier diem basis. The Township of Williams is a Second -Class Township located
within the boundaries of Northampton County.
On January 7, 2002, you will likely be appointed part -time Solicitor for the
Northampton County Council, the legislative body of Northampton County.
Northampton County is a Third -Class County governed by the Northampton County
Home Rule Charter ( "Home Rule Charter "). You have submitted a copy of the Home
Rule Charter, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Pursuant to the Home Rule Charter, the Office of the County Executive exercises
the executive and administrative powers of the County, while the nine - member County
Council exercises the legislative powers of the County. County Council is represented
by its own Solicitor who has no connection whatsoever to the Office of the Solicitor.
Section 908 of the Home Rule Charter provides that the Office of the Solicitor is
immediately under the direction and supervision of the County Executive. Section 908
also provides that the Solicitor is prohibited from serving as legal counsel, solicitor, or
prosecuting attorney for the United States, Pennsylvania, or any municipal corporation
of Pennsylvania. You state that this prohibition does not apply to the Solicitor to County
Council.
Monahan, 02 -513
February 5, 2002
Page 2
Currently, the County Solicitor employs seven Assistant County Solicitors. You
state that there has been a longstanding practice among Assistant Solicitors to also
serve as municipal solicitors for townships and boroughs in Northampton County. For
example, Assistant County Solicitor Lincoln Treadwell, III, also serves as Solicitor to
Lower Saucon Township and Richland Township, Bucks County. Assistant County
Solicitor David M. Backenstoe is a practicing attorney with Haber, Corriere, and
Backenstoe, Professional Corporation (the "Law Firm "), which serves as the Solicitor to
the following political subdivisions: Plainfield Township, Moore Township, Lehigh
Township, Lehigh Township Municipal Authority, Walnutport Borough, and Hellertown
Borough. Parenthetically, Michael Corriere, who serves as Assistant Treasurer of the
Law Firm, is also a member of the Northampton County Council.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you pose the following questions:
1. Whether employment as Solicitor to Northampton County Council and
Solicitor to the Township of Williams constitutes a conflict of interest; and
2. Whether the Ethics Act prohibits employment as Solicitor to Northampton
County Council and Williams Township.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "the Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.
§§1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the re uestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In 1997 and 1999, the status of Solicitors under the Ethics Act (Act 9 of 1989)
was clarified by certain rulings of the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania and the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.
In P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1997), the
Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania held, inter alia, that the conflict of interest
provisions of the Ethics Act do apply to solicitors who are public employees and are not
just on retainer. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania subsequently affirmed the
Commonwealth Court's decision in the P.J.S. case. P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission,
555 Pa. 149, 723 A.2d 174 (1999).
However, in C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, 698 A.2d 155 (Pa. Commw. Ct.
1997), based upon an analysis of prior precedents including Ballou v. State Ethics
Commission, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A.2d 186 1981), Maunus v. State Ethics Commission,
518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324 (1988), and .J.S v. State Ethics Commission, 669 A.2d
1105 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996), the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania determined
that a municipal Solicitor who is retained by —as opposed to being an employee of— the
municipality is not a "public official" or "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act
and therefore is not subject to the conflict of interest provisions of the Ethics Act. The
Court stated:
[T]his court pointed out in P.J.S. that the General Assembly did not
add or include "solicitors" in its definitions of "public employees" or "public
officials" whose conduct is regulated by section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id. As
such, this court stated that it could not conclude that it was clearly the
General Assembly's intent to include "solicitors," who are not normally full -
time public employees, but more like consultants, among the class of
Monahan, 02 -513
February 5, 2002
Page 3
persons required to comply with the regulations regarding ethical and
professional conduct under section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id.
Based upon our review of the pleadings in this case and our
analysis of Ballou, Maunus and P.J.S., we conclude that CPC's conduct is
not governed by the provisions of the Ethics Act and that he is not subject
to the jurisdiction of the Commission.
C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, supra, 698 A.2d at 159. The Court further stated, in
a footnote:
We note that on July 3, 1997, this court issued its decision in P.J.S.
v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Cmwlth.
1997) (P.J.S. 11), this court reiterated that the conflict of interest provisions
of section 3 of the Ethics Act apply to solicitors who are public employees
and not just on retainer. P.J.S. was hired as a full -time solicitor for the City
of Erie, was placed on the City payroll, was paid a salary and received the
same benefits as other employees of the City. Like the Commonwealth
attorneys in Maunus, P.J.S.'s status with the City was that of an employee
rather than a consultant on retainer or an independent contractor.
Accordingly, this court determined that P.J.S. was a public employee who
was covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
The present case is distinguishable from P.J.S. 11 in that CPC is not
a full -time, salaried employee of the borough who receives the same
benefits as other borough employees. Rather, CPC is a legal advisor or
consultant on retainer to the borough. As such, his conduct is not covered
by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
Id., at Note 10.
The State Ethics Commission filed a Petition for Allowance of Appeal in the
C.P.C. case, which Petition was denied by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. See,
704 A.2d 640 (Pa. 1997).
The facts which you have submitted indicate that as Solicitor of the Township of
Williams, you are not an employee of the said governmental body, but rather are
retained. Therefore, based upon C.P.C., supra, you would not be considered a "public
official" or a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act. Consequently, Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act would not apply to you in the said capacity as Solicitor.
However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of Financial Interests. 65
Pa.C.S. §1104(a); Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Therefore, you would be required to file
Statements of FinancTnterests providing full disclosure as required by the Ethics Act,
each year the aforesaid position as Solicitor is held and the year following termination of
service in said position.
Moreover, it is the State Ethics Commission's view that every "person" is subject
to Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act. Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Section 1103(b) of the
Ethics Act essentially provides that no "person" shall offer or give to a public official,
public employee, or nominee or candidate for public office, or to a member of such an
individual's immediate family, or to a business with which such an individual is
associated, anything of monetary value based upon the offeror's /donor's understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official, public employee, or
nominee or candidate for public office would be influenced thereby. The State Ethics
Commission has held that a Solicitor, though not himself a public official /public
Monahan, 02 -513
February 5, 2002
Page 4
employee, may not engage in such conduct in his capacity as a "person." Foster, supra.
Of course, reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to
your inquiry in light of the aforesaid developments in case law.
Based upon the above, your inquiries need not be addressed.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that as Solicitor of the Township of
Williams, you are retained by - as opposed to being an employee of — the Township of
Williams, you would not be considered a ublic official /public employee subject to the
Ethics Act. Consequently, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not apply to you in
the said capacity as Solicitor. However, a I Solicitors are required to file Statements of
Financial Interests pursuant to Sections 1104 and 1105 of the Ethics Act. Furthermore,
Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act applies to all "persons" including "persons" who
happen to be Solicitors, regardless of whether they are public officials /public
employees. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h ). TThe appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806). Failure to file such an
appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel