HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-535 BurkhartThomas J. Burkhart
P.O. Box 34
Cheswick, PA 15024
Dear Mr. Burkhart:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 28, 2003
03 -535
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Water Authority Board Member; Contract With
The Authority; Compensation.
This responds to your letter of February 22, 2003, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Ha.GS. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an authority board
member with regard to receiving compensation from the authority for professional
services provided pursuant to a consulting services agreement with the authority.
Facts: You are a member of the Board of Directors of the Harmar Water Authority
u onty "), having been appointed in February 2003. You seek an advisory from the
tate Ethics Commission regarding a Consulting Services Agreement you have with the
Authority, which you describe as a professional computer and systems consulting
contract.
In a letter to the Authority dated February 22, 2003, you informed the Board that
you had requested an advisory opinion regarding your professional services contract
with the Authority. You stated your opinion that because: (1) the Consulting Services
Agreement was awarded prior to your appointment to the Authority; (2) you did not
intend to vote to pay any invoices involving your contracted services or sign any checks
payable to yourself; and (3) you did not intend to vote on assignments issued by the
Authority Board, no conflict of interest or potential violation of the Ethics Act existed or
would exist.
You have submitted a copy of the following documents, all of which are
incorporated herein by reference: letter from the Chairman of the Board the
Supervisors of Harmar Township dated February 18, 2003, acknowledging your
appointment; signed and sworn Oath of Office Loyalty Oath; Consulting Services
Burkhart, 03 -535
March 28, 2003
Page 2
Agreement executed January 13, 2003; letter to the Authority dated February 22, 2003;
and several Investigation Orders Summaries.
Based upon the foregoing submitted facts, you ask whether you may be
compensated for the consulting services provided by you to the Authority as per the
Consulting Services Agreement.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As a Member of the Board of Directors of the Harmer Township Municipal Water
Authority ( "Authority "), you are a public official as that term is defined in the Ethics Act,
and hence you are subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
Burkhart, 03 -535
March 28, 2003
Page 3
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. The term shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as
one party and a public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary,
wage, retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(f).
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an
open and public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental body.
Pursuant to Section 1103(f), an "open and public process" includes:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
Burkhart, 03 -535
March 28, 2003
Page 4
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act also requires that the public official /employee
may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. As an Authority Board
Member, you would generally have a conflict of interest as to matters before you that
would financially impact you, a member of your immediate family, a business with which
you or a member of your immediate family is associated, or private client(s). See,
Burkhart, 03 -535
March 28, 2003
Page 5
Miller, Opinion No. 89 -024; Kannebecker, Opinion No. 92 -010. In each instance of a
c lict, you would be required to abstain and to observe the disclosure requirements of
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Your specific inquiry shall now be addressed.
As to whether you may receive compensation for the consulting services
provided by you to the Authority as per the Consulting Services Agreement, the Ethics
Act would not preclude you from receiving such compensation; however, as an
Authority Board Member, you would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of
the Ethics Act and could not participate as to matters pertaining to the Consulting
Services Agreement, such as the payment of invoices involving your contracted
services or the issuance of any checks payable to yourself. As noted above, you would
be required to observe the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
With respect to Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act, it is noted that the Consulting
Services Agreement was entered into prior to your appointment to the Authority Board;
therefore, this Section would have no application. However if the Consulting Services
Agreement would come up for renewal or if you would enter into a new contract with the
Authority, said contract, if over, $500, would be subject to the restrictions of Section
1103(f).
Parenthetically, although such contracting would not be prohibited under the
Ethics Act provided the requirements of Sections 1103(a), 1103(f), and 1103 (j) would be
satisfied, a problem could exist under the Municipality Authorities Act of 1949, as
amended.
In the instant situation, the Municipality Authorities Act of 1945, as amended,
provides as follows:
§5614. Competition in award of contracts
(e) Conflict of interest.— No member of the authority or
officer or employee of the authority may directly or indirectly
be a party to or be interested in any contract or agreement
with the authority if the contract or agreement establishes
liability against or indebtedness of the authority. Any
contract or agreement made in violation of this subsection is
void, and no action may be maintained on the agreement
against the authority....
53 Pa.C.S. § 5614.
Since such contracting may be prohibited by the above quoted provision of the
Municipality Authorities Act, and since the State Ethics Commission does not administer
or enforce that Act, it is suggested that you seek legal advice in that regard.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As a Member of the Board of Directors of the Harmer Township
Municipal Water Authority ( "Authority "), you are a public official subject to the provisions
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
Burkhart, 03 -535
March 28, 2003
Page 6
As an Authority Board Member, you would generally have a conflict of interest as
to matters before you that would financially impact you, a member of your immediate
family, a business with which you or a member of your immediate family is associated,
or private client(s).
As to whether you may receive compensation for the consulting services
provided by you to the Authority as per the Consulting Services Agreement, the Ethics
Act would not preclude you from receiving such compensation; however, as an
Authority Board Member, you would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of
the Ethics Act and could not participate as to matters pertaining to the Consulting
Services Agreement, such as the payment of invoices involving your contracted
services or the issuance of any checks payable to yourself.
Since the Consulting Services Agreement was entered into prior to your
appointment to the Authority Board, Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act would have no
application. However if the Consulting Services Agreement would come up for renewal
or if you would enter into a new contract with the Authority, said contract, if over, $500,
would be subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(f). Although such contracting would
not be prohibited under the Ethics Act provided the requirements of Sections 1103(a),
1103(f) and 1103(j) would be satisfied, a problem could exist under the Municipality
Authorities Act of 1949, as amended, and therefore, it is suggested that you seek legal
advice in that regard.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel