HomeMy WebLinkAbout03-520 HammondADVICE OF COUNSEL
Catherine R. Hammond, Executive Director
Pennsylvania League of Conservation Voters
P.O. Box 158
Harrisburg, PA 17108
March 4, 2003
03 -520
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Legislative Aide; Administrative Officer
II; Pennsylvania Senate.
Dear Ms. Hammond:
This responds to your letter of January 27, 2003, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
1a. =S. § 1101 et seq., presents any restrictions upon employment of an Administrative
Officer II ollowing termination of service with the Pennsylvania Senate.
Facts: As a former Administrative Officer 11 with the Pennsylvania Senate, you seek
advisory from the State Ethics Commission based upon the following submitted facts.
From 1987 until the end of November 2002, you worked as a legislative aide, first to
Senator Bill Lincoln, then to Senator Leonard Bodack. You believe that your official title
was Administrative Officer 11, but you state that this title had more to do with salary than
with function. You state that for both senators, you researched issues, wrote legislation,
constituent letters, speeches, and floor remarks, dealt with lobbyists on issues, and
attended meetings in their stead.
You are now employed as the Executive Director of the Pennsylvania League of
Conservation Voters ( "PLCV "), a 501(c)(4) organization, which engages in lobbying,
produces an annual scorecard of legislative records, and endorses candidates. You state
that the PLCV has a political action committee which supports candidates.
PLCV's "sister organization," the Pennsylvania Conservation Voters Education
League ( "PCVEL "), is a 501(c)(3) organization which provides voter education on
conservation issues. You state that PCVEL deals with issues rather than individual
candidates.
Hammond, 03 -520
March 4, 2003
Page 2
You state your understanding that certain restrictions apply to your activities as they
relate to the Senate of Pennsylvania. You seek clarification as to what those restrictions
are. You pose the following seven inquiries:
1. Whether our name may appear on a scorecard produced by the PLCV for
the sine die session which just ended for distribution to the Senate
2. Whether you make take the scorecard to each office in the Pennsylvania
House of Representatives and the Pennsylvania Senate;
3. Whether you may meet with executive directors of the environmental
committees in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and the
Pennsylvania Senate to discuss what bills we should consider for our
scorecard during the next session;
4. Whether you may meet with David Hess, the former Secretary of the
Department of Environmental Protection who has recently accepted a job
with the Senate Republican leadership to discuss PLCV's standing and to
elicit ideas from him about what PLCV should do in the future;
5. Whether there is anything to prevent you from meeting friends who work for
the Senate on a purely personal basis;
6. Whether you may e-mail your friends in the Pennsylvania Senate to set up
social dates; and
7 Whether you may seek advice from Senate staffers or members regarding
possible contributors to the PLCV, or possible new Board members.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107 (11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as an Administrative Officer II for the Pennsylvania Senate,
you would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations
of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for one
year after he leaves that body.
Hammond, 03 -520
March 4, 2003
Page 3
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and submitting
bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the
name of a former public official or public employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is or
has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee - himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence; (3)
submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of the
former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying. Popovich,
Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental body,
constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section 1103(g) also
generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official /public employee on
invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of public service. Shay,
Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing contract does not involve the unit where
the former public employee worked, the name of the former public employee may appear
on routine invoices if required by the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being
submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
Hammond, 03 -520
March 4, 2003
Page 4
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence
the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the representation
of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103() only restricts the former public official /public employee with regard
to representation before his former governmental body. The former public official /public
employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities. However,
the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee is or has been
associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or other governmental
body where the public official /public employee had influence or control but extends to the
entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli,
Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you were associated upon termination of public
service would be the Pennsylvania Senate in its entirety. Therefore, for the first year after
termination of service with the Pennsylvania Senate, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act
would apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before Pennsylvania Senate.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, your six
specific inquiries shall now be addressed.
In response to your first inquiry, Section 1103(g ) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you
during the one -year period of restricted activity from submitting written documents
containing your name to the Pennsylvania Senate including scorecards produced by
PLCV.
In response to your second inquiry, Section 1103() of the Ethics Act would prohibit
you during the one -year period of restricted activity from distributing a scorecard containing
your name to each office in the Pennsylvania Senate, but would not prohibit you from
distributing the scorecard to the Pennsylvania House of Representatives as such is not
your former governmental body.
In response to your third inquiry, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit
you during the one -year period of restricted activity from meeting with executive directors
of the environmental committees of the Pennsylvania Senate, but would not preclude you
from such meetings with executive directors of the environmental committees of the
Pennsylvania House of Representatives.
In response to your fourth inquiry, as per Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, you
would be precluded from meeting with David Hess who works with the Senate Republican
leadership as such would constitute making personal appearances before your former
governmental body.
In response to your fifth and sixth inquiries, the Ethics Act would not prohibit you
from meeting friends who work for the Senate on a purely personal basis or e- mailing
friends to set up social dates assuming there would be no attempts by you to influence
your former governmental body in contravention of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
In response to your seventh inquiry, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
preclude you from seeking advice from Senate staffers or members regarding possible
contributors to the PLCV or possible new Board members, as such would constitute
making personal appearances before your former governmental body.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no use
of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act
Hammond, 03 -520
March 4, 2003
Page 5
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee and no public
official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /public
employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law
not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide
a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as an Administrative Officer II with the
Pennsylvania Senate, you would be considered a "public employee" as defined in the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Upon
termination of service with Pennsylvania Senate, you became a "former public employee"
subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former governmental body is the
Pennsylvania Senate in its entirety.
The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. The
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel