HomeMy WebLinkAbout22-510 HokePHONE: 717-783-1610
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To the Requester:
Dear Mr. Mark Hoke:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
FINANCE BUILDING
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309
HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400
FACSIMILE: 717-787-0806
WEBSITE: www.ethics.Pa.gov
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 24, 2022
22-510
This responds to your correspondence received February 8, 2022, by which you requested
an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission ("Commission"), seeking guidance
as to the general issue presented below:
Issue:
Facts:
As the former Director of the Enterprise Project Management Office for the Pennsylvania
Office of Administration, are you subject to any restrictions pursuant Section 1103(g) of
the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seMc .?
Brief Answer: YES. During the first year following termination of your employment with
the Pennsylvania Office of Administration, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply
and restrict you from engaging in any activity that would involve "representation" of a
"person" including, but not limited to yourself and/or a new employer before the
Office of Administration.
You request an advisory from the Commission based upon submitted facts that may be
fairly summarized as follows:
Recently, you left employment with the Commonwealth's Office of Administration where
you were the Director of the Enterprise Project Management Office. In that role, you worked
mainly with Information Technology (IT) organizations and in some cases, with business units
across the Commonwealth. As a Commonwealth employee, you were responsible for Project and
Portfolio Management Process, mainly regarding to project intake; demand management; project
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February 24, 2022
Page 2
status reporting; time tracking and resource management. In that role, you had visibility into
current and future projects as part of the demand and intake process. As a Commonwealth
employee, you oversaw a team of Project Managers that would lead large enterprise projects
supporting both IT and business organizations. In addition to the foregoing facts, you have
provided a copy of your Position Description for your most recent employment with the
Commonwealth, which has been incorporated herein by reference.
You most recently took an employment position with Accenture, a non -Commonwealth
employer, as a Senior Manager. Your new employment responsibilities will be to deliver and sell
work to the Commonwealth agencies. You seek guidance as to what, if any, post -public
employment restrictions the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act may impose.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65
Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based upon the facts that the
requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts that the requester has
submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does
it speculate as to facts that have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory
only affords a defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As the Director of the Enterprise Project Management Office for the Office of
Administration, you were a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See Minnich, Advice 12-551. This conclusion is based upon the fact
that as Director of the Enterprise Project Management Office, you possessed authority to take or
recommend official action of a non -ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the following:
contracting; procurement; administering or monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or zoning;
inspecting; licensing; regulating; auditing; or other activity(ies) where the economic impact is
greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of your employment with the Office of Administration,
you became a "former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official/public employee from
accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official/public employee
with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with which he has been
associated":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. --No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with promised
or actual compensation, on any matter before the governmental body
with which he has been associated for one year after he leaves that
body.
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February 24, 2022
Page 3
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in any
activity which includes, but is not limited to, the following: personal
appearances, negotiations, lobbying and submitting bid or contract
proposals which are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership, committee, club
or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The governmental
body within State government or a political subdivision by which
the public official or employee is or has been employed or to which
the public official or employee is or has been appointed or elected
and subdivisions and offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and other
businesses. It also includes the former public official/public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93-005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any person in
aM activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal appearances before the
former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence; (3) submission of bid or contract
proposals which are signed by or contain the name of the former public official/public employee;
(4) participating in any matters before the former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a
person; and (5) lobbying. Popovich, Opinion 89-005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental body, constitutes an
attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section 1103(g) also generally prohibits the
inclusion of the name of a former public official/public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that
existed prior to termination of service with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91-012.
However, if such a pre-existing contract does not involve the unit where a former public employee
worked, the name of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by
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February 24, 2022
Page 4
the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion
95-011.
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public official/public employee
may not be identified on documents submitted to the former governmental body. The former
public official/public employee may also counsel any person regarding that person's appearance
before his former governmental body. Once again, however, the activity in this respect should not
be revealed to the former governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude
making general informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information
which is available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence
the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the representation of, or
work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official/public employee with regard to
representation before his former governmental body. The former public official/public employee
is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities. However, the "governmental
body with which a public official/public employee is or has been associated" is not limited to the
particular subdivision of the agency or other governmental body where the public official/public
employee had influence or control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of
House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90-006; Shart�, Opinion 90-009-R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been associated upon
termination of your employment with the Office of Administration would be the Pennsylvania
Office of Administration in its entirety. Therefore, for the first year following termination of your
employment with the Office of Administration, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and
restrict "representation" of a "person" —such as yourself as an individual and/or any business with
which you are associated — including a new employer before the Office of Administration.
You are advised that Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from
accepting employment with a new employer. However, during the first year following termination
of your employment with the Office of Administration, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
prohibit you from engaging in any activity that would involve representation of that new employer
before the Office of Administration.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act;
the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act"), 65 Pa. C. S. § 1101 et seq., has
not been considered.
Conclusion:
As Director of the Enterprise Project Management Office for the Office of Administration,
you would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. Upon termination of your employment with the Office of
Administration, you would become a "former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the
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February 24, 2022
Page 5
Ethics Act. Your former governmental body would be the Office of Administration in its entirety.
For the first year following termination of your employment with the Office of Administration,
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of a "person"
including but not limited to yourself or a new employer —before the Office of Administration. The
restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to challenge same, you
may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the Commission within
thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30)
days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Respectfully,
BrLD.J
Chief Counsel