HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-626 BuchoDan Bucho, Chief of Police
Girard Borough Police Department
34 Main Street, West
Girard, PA 16417
Dear Chief Bucho:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 31, 2002
02 -626
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Borough; Chief of Police; Insurance; Private
Pecuniary Benefit /Detriment; Monetary Payment In Lieu of Insurance Benefits.
This responds to your letter of November 22, 2002, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether, pursuant to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
c , 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., a borough chief of police may relinquish a portion of
his borough. paid health insurance benefits and receive the balance in a monetary
payment in lieu of such benefits.
Facts: As Chief of Police for Girard Borough ("Borough"), you seek an advisory
roam fhe State Ethics Commission based upon the following submitted facts.
In August 2002 Girard Borough Council ("Borough Council ") reduced police
coverage in the Girard community for a particular shift. The Girard community and the
Girard Police Department objected to the reduced shift coverage. You have submitted
several newspaper articles on the subject.
At Borough Council's November 18, 2002, meeting, you submitted to Borough
Council a proposal whereby: (1) you would relinquish to the Borough $5,000 of the
$7,773.72 to which you are entitled in Borough -paid health insurance benefits; (2) such
money would be used by the Borough to reinstate the police coverage; and (3) the
balance of your health insurance benefits in the amount of $2,773.72 would be paid to
you as a monetary payment in lieu of health insurance coverage.
You ask whether either you or Borough Council would violate the Ethics Act if
Borough Council would accept the above proposal.
Bucho 02 -626
December 31, 2002
Page 2
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
It is further initially noted that, pursuant to the same aforesaid Sections of the
Ethics Act, an opinion /advice may be given only to the person whose conduct is in
question, his authorized representative, or, when applicable, his appointing body or
employer. To the extent you have inquired as to the conduct of Members of Borough
Council without their express permission, you are considered a third party without legal
standing. Additionally, the State Ethics Commission does not have jurisdiction to review
the proposed conduct of Borough Council as a governmental body. Therefore, this
advisory must necessarily be limited to addressing only your prospective conduct.
As Borough Chief of Police, you are a public employee subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Bucho 02 -626
December 31, 2002
Page 3
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Under the submitted facts, you are currently receiving health insurance coverage
at the Borough's expense. It is noted that the Borough Code authorizes borough
councils to provide borough -paid health insurance coverage to borough employees. 53
P.S. §§ 46202(37), (74). Therefore, to the extent Borough Council has acted to
authorize Borough -paid health insurance coverage for you, as Chief of Police, you may
receive such coverage at the Borough's expense without transgressing Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act.
Bucho 02 -626
December 31, 2002
Page 4
Your proposed relinquishment of a portion of your Borough -paid health insurance
benefits would result in a financial detriment rather than a private pecuniary benefit to
you. Additionally, there is no indication in the submitted facts that such action would
result in any other prohibited private pecuniary benefit (such as could occur, for
example, if the reinstated police coverage would generate work for a member of your
immediate family). Therefore, you are advised that Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act
would not prohibit you from relinquishing $5,000 of your Borough -paid health insurance
benefits to the Borough to be used for the reinstatement of police coverage conditioned
upon the assumption that such action would not result in any private pecuniary benefit
prohibited under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. See, Chesnutt, Advice 96 -588;
Borgo, Order 957; Eisaman, Order 958; and Zentner, Ord 963.
As for whether you may receive the balance of $2,773.72 in lieu of health
insurance coverage, only general guidance may be given under the submitted facts.
Although the State Ethics Commission does not have the statutory jurisdiction to
interpret laws other than the Ethics Act, such other laws become relevant when it is
necessary to determine whether a public official /employee may receive a pecuniary
benefit under the Ethics Act. In such cases, other laws must be considered to
determine whether the pecuniary benefit is permitted under the Ethics Act as authorized
in law or is prohibited as a private pecuniary benefit without authorization in law. A
financial gain to a public official /public employee that is other than compensation
provided for by law is a private pecuniary benefit. Thompson, Opinion 99 -005, at 3 -4.
Assuming that government -paid benefits are lawfully available to a given public
official /public employee, the propriety of such individual foregoing the benefits in return
for some monetary payment depends upon whether there is a specific authorization in
law permitting a monetary payment in lieu of benefits. Thompson, supra, at 5. If
benefits are authorized in law without a specific option to forego the benefits for a
monetary payment, then the public official /public employee may not obtain such a
pecuniary benefit. Id.
Thus, even if you as Chief of Police are entitled to receive health insurance
benefits at the Borough's expense, you may not receive a monetary payment in lieu
thereof under the Ethics Act unless there is a specific authorization in law permitting you
to exercise an option to forego such benefits for a monetary payment.
Because the submitted facts do not indicate whether there is specific
authorization in law (such as a Borough ordinance) permitting you to forego a portion of
your Borough -paid benefits for a monetary payment, this advisory must necessarily be
limited to providing the above general guidance as to this aspect of your inquiry.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As Chief of Police for Girard Borough ( "Borough "), you are a public
emp oyee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not
prohibit you from relinquishing $5,000 of your Borough -paid health insurance benefits to
the Borough to be used for the reinstatement of police coverage conditioned upon the
assumption that such action would not result in any private pecuniary benefit prohibited
under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would
prohibit you from receiving a monetary payment in lieu of a portion of your Borough -paid
health insurance coverage unless there is a specific authorization in law permitting you
to exercise an option to forego such benefits for a monetary payment. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Bucho 02 -626
December 31, 2002
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel