HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-604 ColbertWoodrow J. Colbert
249 North 23 Street
Camp Hill, PA 17011
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 15, 2002
02 -604
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 1103; Program Coordinator, Dirt & Gravel
Road Pollution Prevention Program; - Program Analyst 3; Department of
Environmental Protection; Bureau of Water Quality Protection; Division of
Conservation Districts and Nutrient Management; Assignment to State
Conservation Commission.
Dear Mr. Colbert:
This responds to your letter of September 9, 2002, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ("Ethics Act "), 65
1: § 1101 et seq., presents any restrictions upon employment of the Program
Coordinator for the Commonwealth's Dirt & Gravel Road Pollution Prevention Program,
classified as a Program Analyst 3, following termination of service with the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Facts: As a current Commonwealth employee, you seek an advisory from the
State Ethics Commission regarding the post - employment restrictions of the Ethics Act.
Per the submitted facts, you are currently employed by the Department of
Environmental Protection (DEP) as the Program Coordinator for the Dirt & Gravel Road
Pollution Prevention Program. Although you are employed by DEP, you are assigned
directly to the State Conservation Commission. You have submitted copies of your
current job description and organizational chart, which documents are incorporated
herein by reference. Your job description lists your department as DEP, your bureau as
"Water Quality Protection," and your division as "Conservation Districts & Nutrient
Management." You are classified as a Program Analyst 3.
Per your job description, you are assigned directly to the State Conservation
Commission and you report directly to and are supervised by that Commission's
Executive Secretary. You are responsible, inter alia, for "shepherding" all phases of the
State Conservation Commission's $4,000,000 program to prevent dust and sediment,
nonpoint source, pollution from originating on the Commonwealth's 28,000 mile network
of dirt and gravel roads.
Colbert 02 -604
October 15, 2002
Page 2
In a submitted document labeled "Job Duties Narrative," you explain that the Dirt
and Gravel Road Pollution Prevention Program ( "Program ") is controlled by 65 County
Conservation Districts. Education and technical assistance are provided to the
Conservation Districts under a contract with the Penn State Center for Dirt and Gravel
Road Studies ( "Center "). You state that you do not supervise or administer the funds
related to that contract.
You have been placed on temporary duty at the Center in the status of an
Adjunct Research Assistant, which arrangement enables you to use the Center's
equipment. You have submitted a memorandum dated January 2, 2002, confirming
your appointment as an Adjunct Research Assistant for the period January 1, 2002,
through December 31, 2002.
You contend that because of your appointment as an adjunct with the University,
ou have "already been at arms - length from administrative or policy matters at the
State Conservation Commission] for eleven months." (Job Duties Narrative, paragraph
). You further contend that any policy matters that may be influenced by your position
are limited to the Conservation Districts which are bound under a voluntary contract to
perform the requirements of the Program. Id.
Following retirement, an opportunity may exist for you to work with Penn State
University to expand the conservation benefits of the effort. You request an advisory
identifying restrictions on your working relationships after retirement. You specifically
ask:
(1) Which, if any, agencies, you will be prohibited from working with upon retirement;
(2) How long the post - employment restrictions will apply; and
(3) Whether the relevant prohibitions of the Ethics Act differ with respect to
classroom instruction as opposed to administrative or policy work.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As Program Coordinator for the Commonwealth's Dirt & Gravel Road Pollution
Prevention Program, you would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics
Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51
Pa. Code § 11.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description, which when
reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the
following: contracting; procurement; planning; inspecting; administering or monitoring
grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other activities where the economic impact is
greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
Colbert 02 -604
October 15, 2002
Page 3
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
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October 15, 2002
Page 4
termination of public service. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90=006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of public service would be DEP in its entirety and the State
Conservation Commission in its entirety. This conclusion is based upon the submitted
facts that you are both a DEP employee and you are assigned directly to the State
Conservation Commission and report directly to and are supervised by that
Commission's Executive Secretary. See, Confidential Opinion, 01 -004 at 5 and
Confidential Opinion, 02 -006 at 5 ( "Extensive involvement' with agencies /bodies in
addition to the employer agency /body may make such other agencies /bodies part of the
former governmental body). Therefore, for the first year after termination of
Commonwealth service, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict
"representation" of "persons" before DEP and /or the State Conservation Commission.
As for your specific questions, the first two have already been addressed above.
Your third specific question is whether the relevant prohibitions of the Ethics Act
differ with respect to classroom instruction as opposed to administrative or policy work.
As noted above, advisories are submitted based upon the facts submitted. The facts
which you have submitted do not enable a conclusive determination as to whether the
proposed classroom instruction would involve prohibited "representation" before your
former governmental body. Accordingly, this Advice must necessarily be limited to
advising as to your third specific question that Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
not prohibit you from providing classroom instruction services to Penn State University
conditioned upon the assumption that in so doing, you would not be engaging in
prohibited representation before your former governmental body as identified above.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) oft the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
Colbert 02 -604
October 15, 2002
Page 5
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As Program Coordinator for the Commonwealth's Dirt and Gravel
Road Pollution Prevention Program, you would be considered a "public employee" as
defined in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act"), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et seq. Upon termination of service with the Commonwealth, you would become a
'former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former
governmental body would be DEP and the State Conservation Commission.
The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. The
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787 -0806. Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel