HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-006 NixonJoseph R. Nixon 89 -006
304 Reservoir Road
.Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Re: Executive -Level State Employee; Former Public Employee; Section
3(g); Automated Purchasing System Project Manager; Department of
General Services
Dear Mr. Nixon:
1989.
I. Issue:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Helena G. Hughes, Chair
G. Sieber Pancoast
Dennis C. Harrington
Michael J. Washo
Date Decided: July 28, 1989
Date Mailed: August 8. 1989
This Opinion is issued in response to your request of June 23,
Whether the Ethics Law presents any restrictions upon youemp1dyment
following your termination of service with the Depart r - ent' of General
Services.
II. Factual Basis for Determination:
You will be employed by Harrisburg Computers, Inc., as the
Director of Marketing upon termination of your service with the
Department of General Services, hereinafter DGS, on July 13, 1989.
In your current position as Automated Purchasing Systems Project
Manager, you report directly to the Deputy Secretary for Procurement.
Your main responsibilities involves coordination, development and
management of the automated purchasing system. You also served as
agency representative to ICS and CIMIC. You served as final approval
authority for all Automated Technology Resource (ATR) requests for
proposals for the Commonwealth. You served as contact with the
Comptroller's Office, the Office of General Counsel and other
Commonwealth entities.
Mr. Joseph R. Nixon
Page 2
Your job , description, which is incorporated 'herein by reference,
further indicates that you managed all multiple. agency projects and
acquisitions regarding ATR initiatives and that you served as primary
contact for vendors and the Commonwealth. in this respect you were
responsible for resolving conflicts.
You have served on many requests for proposal committees and have
advised the Deputy and the Bureau of purchases on many : ,computer
related procurement issues. You - advise that although you, as 'a staff
member do not set policy, you do participate as an advisor. In your
position as Marketing Director for the Harrisburg Computers, Inc.,u
will not be required to directly make sales to the Commonwealth "hut tit
may be necessary to interact with executives of Commonwealth agencikes
who are customers of Harrisburg Computers, Inc. After expressing ; your
understanding that you are prohibited from directly soliciting
business from your department, DGS, for 'one year :after :retirement, you
request an opinion of this Commission which would detail the
limitations upon you in your new position.
III. Discussion:
As an Automated Purchasing Systems Project Manager for DGS, you
are to be considered a " public employee" within the detin °ition of that
term as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. '5
P.-S. S402. This conclusion is based upon the job description, which
when reviewed on an cbjective basis, indicates clearly 'that the power
exists to take or .recommend official action of a _non-ministerial
nature with respect to contracting, procurement, planning, and
leasing. Additionally, you are an "executive -level state employee" as
that term is defined under the Ethics Law in ::light ‘ : of the fact that
you have discretionary power or could influence the „outcome of -a
decision in relation to a private corporation or business.
Consequently, upon termination of employment, you .would 'become :a
"former - public employee” subject to Section 3(g) of the Public
Official and Employee - Ethics Law and a former executive- level state
employee subject to the provisions of Section 3(i) of the :Ethics :Law.
Sections 3(g) and (i) of-the Ethics Law provides
Section . 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official ''or ,public
employee shall represent a person, With .promised
or actual compensation, on -any matter before the
governmental body with which he has'been
associated , for one year after the leaves that body.
65 P.S. g402.
Mr. Joseph R. Nixon
Page 3
(i) No former executive -level State employee
may for a period of two years from the time that
he terminates his State employment be employed by
receive compensation from, assist or act in a
representative capacity for a business or
corporation that he actively participates in
recruiting to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or
that he actively participated in inducing to open
a new plant, facility -or branch in the
Commonwealth or that he actively participated in
inducing to expand an existent plant or facility
within the Commonwealth, provided that the above
prohibition shall be invoked only when the
recruitment or inducement is accomplished by a
grant or loan of money from the Commonwealth to
the business or corporation recruited or induced
to expand.
We shall consider the restrictions of Section 3(g) followed
the limitations set forth in Section 3(i).
In applying Section 3(g) it is necessary to determine the
governmental body with which you were associated while working with
DGS must be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions
associated with the concept and term "represent" must 'be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been'
associated." The governmental body within State
government Or a political subdivision by which the
public official or employee is or has been
employed or to which the public official or
employee is or has been appointed or elected and
subdivisions and offices within that governmental
body. 65 P.S. S402.
Clearly, the governmental body with which you have been
associated upon the termination of employment would be DGS.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service with
DGS, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict
representation of persons or new employers vis - - vis DGS.
by
Kr. Joseph R. Nixon
Page 4
The Ethics Lew does not affect one's ability to appear* before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following departure
from their governmental may. It is noted, however, that the
conflicts of interest laud is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the law
generally is that during the terra of a person's public employment, he
must act consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to utilize
his association with the public sector, officials or employees to
secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or benefits that may
be obtainable only because of his association with his former public
employer.
In respect to the one year representation, the Ethics Law defines
"Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other
person in any activity which includes, but is not
limited to, the following: personal appearances,
negotiations, lobbying and submitting bid or
contract proposals which are signed by or contain
the name of a former public official or public
employee: 65 P.S. 5402.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business* governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm,
partnership, committee, club or other organization
or group of persons. 65 P.S. S402.
This Commission interprets the term "represent" az used in
Section 3(g) of the E Law to prohibit4
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body or
bodies, (that is DOS), including, but not limited to, 'negotiations or
renegotiations in general 'or as to contracts with DOS;
2. Attempts to influence DOS;
3. Submission, of bid or contract,proposaia which are signed or
contain the name of the former btaic cof°ficiallemployoe;
Mr. Joseph R. Nixon
Page 5
4. Participating in any matters before DGS over which there was
supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed by
that governmental body;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before DGS in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
We also find that listing one's name as the person who will
provide technical assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if
submitted to or reviewed by DGS constitutes an attempt to influence
the former governmental body. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of activity
outlined above. However, the above restriction would not extend to
including one's name as an employee or consultant on a "pricing
proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by DGS.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to
DGS so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before DGS.
Once again, however, the activity in this respect should not be
revealed to DGS. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would' not
prohibit or preclude the making of general informational inquiries of
DGS to secure information which is available to the general public.
This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence
these entities or to otherwise make known to the governmental body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
We also determine that the administering of an existing contract
as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract would, not be'
prohibited by the Ethics Law.
Finally, it is important to note that your job description
clearly indicates that as Automated Purchasing Systems Project
Manager, you had input or exerted influence regarding the decisions of
other state agencies in ATR matters. As such, the governmental body
with which you are associated may extend beyond DGS, and you may need
to seek the additional advice of this Commission as to whether there
are any other restrictions on your future activities in relation to
such other commonwealth agencies.
In your capacity as an executive -level state employee, you are
subject to the restrictions of Section 3(i) quoted above.
As noted above, Section 3(i) sets forth a specific prohibition
that a former executive level state employee for a period of two years`
after termination of state employment may not be employed by, receive
compensation from or act in a representative capacity for a business
or corporation that the former executive level state employee
participated in recruiting to initiate or expand operations in the
Commonwealth. It should be further noted that the above restriction
Mr. Joseph R. Nixon
Page 6
is limited to the situation where the recruitment is accomplished by a
grant or loan for money or promise of a grant or loan for money from
the Commonwealth to the business or corporation recruited or induced
to initiate or expand operations. The intendment of the above
provision of the Ethics Law is to prohibit an executive level state
employee from trading upon his ability to influence the disposition of
public funds to private businesses or corporations by securing future
employment from entities receiving such funds. Thus, if you were
engaged in activities as outlined above, you would be subject to the
two year employment restriction of Section 3(i) of the Ethics Law.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
'part that no person shall offer to a ublic official / employee anything
of monetary value and no public official /employee shall solicit or
accept any thing of monetary value based upon the understanding that
the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
: official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to
these sections of the ; law not to imply that there has or will be any
transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the
questions that you have presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation . of the Ethics Law.
IV. Conclusion:
As an Automated Purchasing Systems Project Manager, you are to be
Considered a "public employee" and an executive -level State employee
as defined in the 'Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with `DGS,
kou would be sib ject to the restrictions = imposed by .Sections 3(g) and
(i) of the Ethics Law. As 'such, :your conduct should conform to the
requirements of the Ethics Law as outlined "above . The propriety of
"the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the EthicB Law.
Further, = should Service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement'of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), `this Opinion is a 'complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by " the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding,
providing the requestor has 'dLsolosed truthfully all `the material
facts and 'Committed =the lhcts complained oaf 'in " of the evidence
of the advice given.
Mr. Joseph R. Nixon
Page 7
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, any person may request the Commission to reconsider :its
Opinion. The reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of the mailing date of this Opinfbn.
The person requesting reconsideration should present a detailed
explanation setting forth the reasons why the Opinion requires
reconsideration.
Commissi
elena G. Hughes
Chair