HomeMy WebLinkAbout80-054 KilareskiSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
December 3, 1980
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Walter P. Kilareski
Assistant Professor of .
Civil Engineering
The Pennsylvania State University
Research Building B
University Park, PA 16802
RE: Section 3(e) Bid Proposals, Preparation
Dear Mr. Kilareski:
I. Issue:
80 -054
You request an opinion in regard to whether, as a
former employee of the Department of Transportation,
currently serving as a Professor of Civil. Engineering at the
Pennsylvania State University you may:
1. Participate in a research project for the Pennsyl-
vania Department of Transportation as "principal
investigator" or as a co- principal investigator on
a project.
2. Participate on a project on the basis of providing
technical assistance and input only.
You also ask about the duration of any prohibition from
participation on the projects with the Pennsylvania Depart-
ment of Transportation.
IT. Factual Basis for Determination:
From September 21, 1979 through August 29, 1980 you
served as a Special Studies Coordinator with the Pennsyl-
vania Department of Transportation. While employed with the
Department of Transportation ( PennDot), you worked with the
office of Research and Special Studies and reported directly
to the Secretary of PennDot. During your tenure you were
intimately involved with research projects and contracts.
Specifically, you reviewed requests for proposals and the
proposals themselves upon receipt.
Walter P. Kilareski
December 3, 1980
Page 2
After leaving PennDot, you assumed a position as an
Assistant Professor of Civil Engineering at the Pennsylvania
State University (Penn State). In this new position you may
be asked to prepare responses to a request for proposals
solicited by PennDot. You may write the technical response
to the bid proposal and you may be listed as an individual
who will either be principal investigator or provide techni-
cal assistance only on the project in question. If you are
the principle investigator on a project or designated as
such, the bid proposal would be signed by you. In addition,
the bid proposal would indicate who would serve as principal
investigator, technical assistant, and other staff for the
research project proposed.
The proposals would then be submitted to the Pennsyl-
vania Department of Transportation and a committee would
rank those proposals and award the contracts. After the
proposals were accepted, the person designated as principal
investigator on the proposal would supervise the contract
awarded and may become involved with personnel within the
Department of Transportation on any contract proposal
problem or changes.
III. Applicable Law:
The most pertinent definition which would be applicable
in your circumstance would be the definition of public
employee which is as follows:
"Public employee." Any individual
employed by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision who is
responsible for taking or recom-
mending official action of a non-
ministerial nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring
grants or subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) Inspecting, licensing,
regulating, or auditing_
any person; or
(5) any other activity where the
official action has an
economic impact of a greater
than de minimus nature on the
interests of any person.
Walter P. Kilareski
December 3, 1980
Page 3
Public employee shall not include
individuals who are employed by the
State or any political subdivision
thereof in teaching as distinguished
from administrative duties." 65 P.S. 401.
In addition, the provisions of Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act as follows must be reviewed. This Section
provides that:
IV. Discussion:
"No former official or public
employee shall represent a
person, with or without
compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body
with which he has been
associated for one year after
he leaves that body."
65 P.S. 403 (e) .
There is no dispute or doubt that in your position with
PennDot you were a "public employee." Thus, the questions
outs:.anding revolve around a discussion of what the term
"representing" in relation to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
means in your situation. In this regard the Commission has
had occasion to review the term "representing" within this
Section of the Act on several previous occasions. In
general, the Commission has determined that the prohibition
of Section 3(e) extends to such things as:
1. personal appearance before the governmental body
with which you were associated, including but not
]. to negotiations with that body;
2. attempts to influence that governmental body;
3. participation in any manner in any case over which
you had supervision, direct involvement, or respon-
sibility while employed by the governmental body;
4. lobbying, that is representing the interests of
any person before that governmental body to
influence that body in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, 80 -048 and
Seltzer, 80 -044.
Walter P. Kilareski
December 3, 1980
Page 4
These same Opinions and the other Opinions upon which
they were based indicate that a former public employee may
appear in a third form such as, State or Federal Court, may
make general informational inquiries of the nature made by
the public of their former governmental body, and may
utilize the knowledge and expertise gained in their tenure
as public employees, except as set forth in numbers 1 through
4 above. In addition, with specific reference to the question
of negotiating any contract with your formal governmental
body, the Commission has' stated that a former employee may
administer or manage such a contract awarded to your present
employer (Perin State) by your former employer (PennDot)
provided that you did not attempt to influence the decision
to make such an award. See Cutt, 79 -023.
The problem arising in your case is whether the mere
fact that you may prepare and sign the bid proposal or that
your name appears as an employee who will serve in regard to
that proposal is within the prohibition of an "attempt to
influence" the former governmental body with which you were
associated. It is the Commission's opinion that in accor-
dance with their former decisions you may not prepare, sign
and file such a proposal. You may assist in preparing such
items where another person signs as the preparer or in your
case the principal investigator. The mere fact that your
name may be referred to in the bid proposal as someone who
will work on the project or as someone who will provide
technical assistance constitutes an attempt by you to
influence your former governmental body. It identifies
those individuals as required by the request for proposals,
who will be supplying the services to the governmental body
in question. However, the inclusion of your name on the
proposal will surely influence the former governmental
body's determination as to whether the bid proposal should
be rejected or accepted. It is, per se, an attempt by you
to influence the award of the contract and must be prohibited.
Consequently, we believe that you may participate in
research projects and contracts awarded to the Pennsylvania
State University by the Pennsylvania Department of Transpor-
tation. However, your participation must not include your
direct preparation of or signature of the bid proposals or
your participation and identification -on the project in
question as principal investigator. You may provide techni-
cal assistance on the project and you may assist in prepara-
tion of the proposals or bids, except for the signature of
same. However, your name may not appear on the proposal to
identify you as a person who will provide technical assistance
on the project or who will administer the contract if awarded
to Penn State. If Penn State secures a contract given these
restrictions, you may administer that contract but you may
not negotiate it or make changes to that contract.
Walter P. Kilareski
December 3, 1980
Page 5
The prohibitions outlined above will last for a one -
year period from the date you terminated your employment
with the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation. See
Wagner, 80 -042.
V. Conclusion:
You are a former public employee and your conduct as
such is to be guided by this Opinion. You are prohibited
for the one -year period after you left PennDot from:
1. personally appearing before the governmental body
with which you were associated, PennDot:
2. preparing bid proposals to be submitted to Penn
Dot by your employer (Penn State) where that
preparation includes signing those proposals
and /or participating in the proposed project as
principal investigator or if your name appears on
the proposal as the person to provide technical
assistance or to administer the contract, if
awarded;
3. attempting to influence your formal governmental
body by other means, including lobbying, that is
representing the interests of any person as to
legislation, regulations, etc.;
4. Participating in any manner in any case or contract
over which you had supervision, direct involvement,
or responsibility while employed by PennDot,
except that you may administer but not "negotiate"
any contract if awarded in accordance with the
limitations expressed herein or otherwise.
You are not prohibited from appearing in a third forum,
such as State or Federal Court, making informational inquiries
of the nature made by the general public to PennDot, and
more importantly, utilizing the knowledge and expertise
gained in your tenure as a public employee, except as set
forth above.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this opinion is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any civil
Walter P. Kilareski
December 3, 1980
Page 6
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available
as such.
SSC /rdp
PAUL J.► ITH
Chairman