HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-564Robert F. Musser, Esquire
Musser and Jewell
121 East King Street
Lancaster, PA 17602
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE - BUILDING
R0.80)(11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108-1 •
TELEPHONE(717)765-1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 18., 1993
93 -564
Re: - Conflict, Public Employee, Township Sewage Enforcement
Officer, Part -Time Employee, Township Supervisors, Vo
Township Paid Group Life Insurance,, Cash Surrender Value,
Payment of Proceeds to Sewage Enforcement Officer.
Dear Mr. Musser:
- This responds to- your letters of April 29,-1993, and May 6,
1993, in which you requested advice from the .State Ethics
Commission
Issue: Whether the Public Official,: and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon second class township
supervisors from paying or a part -time sewage enforcement officer
from receivin4 - accumulated cash surrender value of a life
insurance policy, purchased by the township for township employees.
Facts: As Solicitor for a second class Township, you request an
advisory from the State Ethics Commission. The Sewage Enforcement
Officer is employed part -time by the Township in question and also
is employed on a part -time basis by fourteen other municipalities.
He has served as the Sewage Enforcement Officer in the Township
which you represent -since 1966.
In 1972, the Township purchased a group life insurance policy
which covered several Township employees including the Sewage
Enforcement Officer. The Township owned the policy and paid all
premiums. The policy accumulated cash surrender value. Earlier
this year, the Township surrendered the policy and received a check
from the insurance company payable to the Township in the amount of
approximately $18,800.00. The Supervisors would like to pay,this
money to the Sewage Enforcement Officer.
You believe that the . purchase of this policy in 1972 did not
Robert F. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 1993
Page 2
violate any provision of the Township, Code, although you feel that
subsequent enactments- may be applicable. You state that 53 P.S.
S65713(D) prevents elected officials and non - employee township
officials from partic ipating in life insurance contracts paid for
by the township, however, that Section does not expressly apply to
employees of the township, and it was not in effect at the time
this particular life insurance contract was entered into. You
refer to a clause in that Section which excludes from the
prohibition contracts entered into between 1959 and 1985.
You further refer- to 53 P.S. §65515 which provides that in the
case of supervisor employees, no policy of group life insurance
shall contain any provision for the accrual or deferral of a cash
surrender value, loan value or other non - forfeitable benefit. You
believe that this provision would not apply to the policy in this
case because this Section applies only to supervisor employees and
their dependents, not to sewage enforcement officers.
Additionally, you state that it does not appear to you that this
provision was in effect at the time this insurance contract was
entered into.
You have found no clear statement in the Township Code
prohibiting the distribution of the cash surrender value to the
Sewage Enforcement Officer. However, you request an advisory as to
whether the distribution of the cash surrender value to the Sewage
Enforcement Officer would be a violation of the Ethics Law.
Discussion: In your letter of May 6, 1993, you state that both the
Sewage Enforcement officer and the Township Board of Supervisors
have authorized you to seek the advice of the State Ethics
Commission regarding this matter. Accordingly, this Advice will
address this question from both perspectives.
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and
7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. S §407(10), (11), advisories are
issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the requestor
has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts which
the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to
facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden of the
requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts relevant
to the inquiry. 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11). An advisory only affords
a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all
of the material facts.
A Sewage Enforcement Officer for a second class Township is ?
public employee as that term is .defined under the Ethics Law.
Further, Supervisors for a second class township are public
officials as that term is defined under the Ethics Law. Hence, all
are subject to the prow slons of that law.
Robert F. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 1993
Page 3
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest. Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de ininimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class- consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or, other' group which
includes the public official -or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate_family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power - provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and :retpoisibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part' that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary 'value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
pubiic official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Robert F. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 1993
Page 4
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Sedti.on ..3 . _. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, Mould be required to vote on
A matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
diddlose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In . the case of a
three-member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority Is unattainable due to the abstention(a) from 'conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disc - losure requirements noted above ,are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91-523-S.
In reviewing the question posed, this Advice is limited to
whether a Supervisor may vote to give and whether the Sewage
Robert F. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 1993
Page 5
Enforcement Officer may receive the 'funds obtained by the Township
as a result of surrendering the group life insurance policy
covering Township employees, including the Sewage Enforcement
Officer, under the State Ethics Law. Although this Commission does
not have express statutory .jurisdiction to interpret the Second
Class Township Code, it is: necessary to review 53 P.E. SS65515,
65516 and 65713 to the extent that they impact upon the Ethics Law
regarding the issue of whether any individuals would be using the
authority of office to obtain private pecuniary benefits for
themselves
The Second Class Township Code provides as follows:
(1) Supervisors and their dependents
shall be eligible for inclusion in group life,
health, hospitalization, medical service and
accident insurance plans paid in whole or in
part by the township. No policy of group life
insurance shall contain any provision for the
•accrual or deferral of a cash surrender value,
loan value or any other nonforfeitable
benefit, in addition to or beyond the face
amount of insurance, that shall inure to the
benefit of the supervisor, any beneficiary or
any other individual having an insurable
interest in the life of a supervisor. .
53 P.S. S65515(c)(1).
The Second. Class Township
53 P.S. §65516(e).
The township
supervisors employed
roadmasters, shall --
Code further provides as follows:
supervisors or the
as superintendents or
(e) Employ or hire such persons, as may
be necessary for the general conduct of the
business of the township, and provide for the
organization and supervision of the persons so
employed, and work on the roads themselves
when directed to do so by the board of
supervisors. Records shall be kept, and
reports made and filed, giving the names of
all persons employed, including supervisors,
superintendent or roadmasters, dates on which
work was done, and the. number of hours worked
with compensation paid to each person and the
capacity in which he is employed,
Robert P. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 1993
Page 6
The Second Class Township Code further provides as follows:
D. To make contracts of insurance with"
any insurance company, or nonprofit
hospitalization corporation, or nonprofit
medical service corporation, authorized to
transact business within the Commonwealth,
insuring its township supervisors pursuant to
section 515, and employes, and /or their
dependents, or any class or classes thereof,
under a policy or policies of group insurance
covering life, health, hospitalization,
medical service, or accident insurance, and
may contract with any such company, granting
annuities or pensions; for the pensioning of
such employes, and for such purposes, may
agree to pay part of all of the premiums or
charges for carrying such contracts, and may
appropriate out of its treasury any money
necessary to pay such premiums, or charges, or
portions thereof. The supervisors are hereby
authorized, enabled and permitted to deduct
from_the employe's pay, salary or compensation
such part of the premium, or charge, as is
payable by the employe, and as may be so
authorized by the employe in writing. . . .
53 P.S. S65713(D).
It is clear that on the face of the above provisions that the
Township Supervisors may employ such 'persons, including the
Township Sewage Enforcement Officer, as is necessary for the
general conduct of the business of the Township. Also, the
Township Supervisors, in employing such persons, are permitted to
establish compensation for such persons.
It is further clear on the face of the above provisions that
the Township may make contracts of insurance with any insurance
Company insuring Township Supervisors pursuant to Section 515, and
insuring employees pursuant to Section 713. However, there is no
prohibition against policies containing provisions for accrual or
deferral of a cash surrender value in Section 65713 as there is in
Section 65515.
In considering the above provisions to the;extent that they
impact upon the Ethics Law, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
prohibits the use of authority of public office or public
employment or confidential information received by holding such a
public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
Official or public employee or any member of his immediate family
•Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not prohibit the Township
Robert F. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 1993
Page 7
Supervisors from.. voting t'o award, or the Township Sewage
Enforcement Officer from receiving, the cash surrender value of the
insurance policy..
A postscript is necessary so that this Advice is not
misconstrued. First, as noted above, the Commission's jurisdiction
is limited to interpreting the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Second, this Advice is based upon the express condition that there
are no improper understandings which would transgress Sections 3(b)
and/or 3(c) of the Ethics Law.
•
Third, the public officials and public employees must be
mindful of the Preamble of the Ethics Law:
(a) The legislature Hereby declares that
public office is a public trust and that any
effort to realize personal financial gain
through public office other than compensation
provided by law is a violation of that trust.
In order to strengthen the faith and
confidence of the people of the State in their
government, the Legislature further declares
that the people have a right to be assured
that the financial interests of holders of or
nominees or candidates for public office do
not conflict with the public trust. Because
public confidence in government can best be
Sustained by assuring the people of the
impartiality and honesty of public officials,
this act shall be liberally construed to
promote complete: financial disclosure as .
specified in this act. Furthermore, it is
recognized that clear guidelines are needed in
order to guide public officials and employees
in their actions. Thus, the General Assembly
by this act intends to define as clearly as
possible those areas which represent conflict
with the public trust.
65 P.S. 5401.
Since public office and public employment are matters of
public trust, any effort to realize personal financial gain through
office or employment is considered a violation of that trust. The
Supervisors are reminded that the benefits in question were paid
for by tax revenues from the Township which they :represent.
Therefore, although awarding Township paid insurance benefits to
the Sewage Enforcement Officer would not be prohibited •py the
Ethics Law, the Supervisors should consider whether the better
practice would be to `limit or forgo the payment 'of such benefits.
tobett'F. Musser, Esquire
May 18, 19` -93
Page 8
Finally, in your letter, you state that the group. l e
insurance policy covered several Township employees, (emphY s
added), however, you seek advice on paying the proceeds to the
Sewage Enforcement Officer only This Advice expressly does, pt
address what rights, if any, other Township employees who were
covered by the policy may have to such proceeds.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has Only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute co) 2,,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than_ he
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve 'an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: Township Supervisors and the Sewage Enforcement
Officer for a second class .township are public officials and a
public employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Although Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not prohibit the
Township Supervisors from awarding or the Sewage Enforcement
Officer from receiving the cash surrender value of the group life
insurance policy paid for by the Township, public office/
employment is a public trust and proposed conduct should be
governed accordingly. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any -other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available a
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of,the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51- Pa Code §13.2(h).
cerely,
Vincent 7. Dopko
Chief Counsel