HomeMy WebLinkAbout93-529 SchillingSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
-309 FINANCE. BUILbING
PQ. SOX 11-470 -
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUN
March-22, . 1993
Raymond R. Schilling 93-529
Box 228, R.D. #2
Ebensburg, PA 1593L
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Senior Civil Engineer
Supervisor, District Environmental Manager, Civil Engineer
III; Bureau of Design; PennDOT.
Dear Mr. Schilling:
This responds to your letter of February 19, 1993, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Senior Civil
Engineer Supervisor with a working title of District Environmental
Manager classified as a Civil Engineer III, following termination
of service with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation.
Facts: You request an advisory from the State Ethics Commission as
to new employment with an entity outside of the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT ").
You state that you are currently employed by PennDOT in
Engineering District 10 -0 as a Senior Civil Engineer Supervisor
with a working title of District Environmental Manager. You have
submitted a copy of your job description, which document is
incorporated herein by reference. The said job description
indicates your classification as a Civil Engineer III.
You state that your position with District 10 -0 does not give
you the power to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, inspecting,
administering or monitoring grants, leasing, regulating auditing
or selection of consultants. You do review documents, contracts
and letters of interest from consultants as a technical expert.
However, due to the fact that you have a family member that works
for a consulting firm, you do not influence consultant selection on
PennDOT contracts.
Raymond K. Sc hilling
March 22, 1993
Page 2
You are contemplating laying PennDOT to work in the private
sector tor a consulting firm as an Assistant Department Head for
Highway Design Services, our duties will include managing
existing contracts dealing with preliminary engineering and final
design. The consulting firm has existing contracts with PennDOT,
other state departments of transportation, and private clients.
You specifically ask what restrictions pertain to negotiating
or renegotiating a contract, preparation of letters of interest or
contract documents, and administration of existing contracts. You
state your understanding that Quinn, Advice 89 --594, concluded that
"the administering of an existing contract as opposed to
negotiating or renegotiating a contract would not be prohibited by
the Ethics Law."
Based upon all of the above, you request an advisory from the
State 'Ethics Commission.
Discussion: As a Senior Civil Engineer Supervisor with a working
title of .District Environmental Manager classified as a Civil
Engineer III for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you are considered a "public employee"
within the definition of that term as set forth in the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this
Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code §1.1. 'This conclusion is
based upon the job description. Despite your claim that you do not
have the power to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, inspecting,
administering or monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing
or selection of consultants, when reviewed on an objective basis,
the job description indicates clearly that you engage in activities
where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on the
interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you are associated while working with PennDOT must be
Raymond K. Schilling
March 22, 1993
Page 3
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The- governmental body within
State government or- a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or-has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying-the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you will have
been associated upon termination of public-service will be PennDOT
in,its entirety, - including but not - limited to Engineering District
10 -0 and the ,Bureau of Design. The above is based upon the
language of the Ethics Law, the legislative intent (eaislative
Journal of House, 1989 'session, No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior
precedent, this Commission. Thus, in Siroli, Opinion 90 -006,
the-Commission found that a former Division Director of the
Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely restricted to the
particular Division as was contended but was in fact restricted to
all of DPW regarding the one..year representation restriction.
_Similarly .in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was determined that a
former legislative assistant to a state senator was not merely
restricted to that particular senator but to the entire Senate as
his former,governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with PennDOT, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and
restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to Engineering
District 10 -0 and the Bureau of Design.
It is noted that Act 9 of. 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or.has,-been associated."_ It was the
specific intent of the - General ;Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
Raymond K. Schilling
March 22, 1993
Page 4
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when, we are prolUbiting for 1' year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate, the intent of the General Assembly under' 1 'Pa.
C.S.A. §1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
are associated is PennDOT in its entirety, including but not
limited to Engineering District 10 -0 and the Bureau of Design.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid br contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.-
Raymond K. Schilling
March 22, 1993
Page 5
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has a,Iso
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to,acting behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body.,. In ,Shay, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to PennDOT. However, you may not be identified on documents
submitted to PennDOT. You may also counsel any person .regarding
that person's appearance before PennDOT. Once again, however, the
activity in this ;respect should not be revealed to PennDOT. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude
the making of general informational inquiries of PennDOT to secure
information which is available to the general public_. _ This must
not be done in an of - fort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Raymond K. Schilling
March 22, 1993
Page 6
As for your specific inquiry regarding . the administration of
existing contracts, and your reference to Quinn, Advice 89 -594, any
reliance upon that Advice would be misplaced. In Shay, Opinion 91-
012, decided by the full Commission, the facts submitted by Shay,
a former PennDOT employee, included an existing contract, yet -the
restrictions of Section 3(g) nevertheless applied.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3("c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a :public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code of
Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Senior Civil Engineer Supervisor with a working
. title of District Environmental Manager classified as a Civil
Engineer III for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you are considered. a "public employee"
as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with
PennDOT, you would become a "former public employee" subject to
Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former governmental body is
PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to Engineering
District 10 -0 and the Bureau of Design. The restrictions as to
representation outlined above must be followed. The propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter a public reCbrd and will be made available as
such.
Raymond K. Schilling
March 22, 1993
Page 7
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full CommissiQn
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code $2.12.
Sincerely,.
rmitei 144
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel