HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-646Dear Mr James:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470.
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF coUNgEL
5 December,-3,,• x.992
Thomas Arthur James, Jr. 92 -646
James & Mihalik -
29 East Main Street
Bloomsburg, PA 17815 -1898
Re:, Public.: Official /Employee, Columbia County
Conservation District, Private , or Business,
Engineer.
This responds to your letter of October 9, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions._ Mr. Barry
Travelpiece, as an employee of the Columbia ,County Conservation
District, with regard to performing private consulting work as a
licensed professional engineer.
Facts: As the Solicitor for Columbia County, Pennsylvania, you
'request an advisory on behalf of Mr. Barry Travelpiece, an employee
of the Columbia County Conservation District.
Mr. Travelpiece recently received his professional engineering
license and wishes to perform consulting work. You have submitted
a copy of a letter dated August 17, 1992, from Mr. Travelpiece to
Richard Fetterman, Chairman of the Columbia County Conservation
District, in which Mr. Travelpiece asked for a determination as .to
any conflicts which could arise from his proposed consulting Work
after hours and on weekends. The various situgtions.ppsed by Mr.
Travelpiece are as follows:
1. Mr. Travelpiece is asked to do consulting words on ; a project in
another county for a landowner or oonsu1taaln,.m10 has not done
work in Columbia County. _ J
T 2,
Mr. Travelpiece is asked to do consulting wo on a project in
another county for a landowner or consultant who has not done
work in Columbia County but who later brings work from
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 199
Page 2
Columbia County to him to review.
3. Mr. Travelpiece does consulting work for a project in another
county at the request of a surveyor or developer who routinely
does work in Columbia County.
4. Mr. Travelpiece is asked to comment on stormwater plans for a
project in Columbia. County which he has aady reviewed on
District time for erosion and sediment control.
5. Mr. Travelpiece is asked to do consulting work for the
stormwater portion of a project in Columbia Co.nty which he
would probably review as an E &S plan.
6. Mr. Travelpiece is asked by a consultant tO do deg .gn work in
another county at the same time that he is reviewing one of
the consultant's plans for the District.
7. Mr. Travelpiece is asked to design or approve} a non E &S
related design for a project in Columbia County. Such
requests could include the approval of a concrete mixing
design, the design of a retaining wall, or design of a
sanitary system.
8. Mr. Travelpiece is asked to design an E &S plan fir a site in
Columbia County which will probably be reviewed by the
Columbia County Conservation District.
You have submitted a copy of the aforesaid letter ate Well as a copy
of a two -page document styled Mr. Travelpiece's "job description"
as an employee of the Columbia County Conservation biStrict, which
documents are incorporated herein by reference. The "job
description" appears to have been written by Mr. Travelpiece and
does not give his job title, but is characterized by Mr.
Travelpiece as a list of those of his daily duties which he feels
could create a possible conflict of interest with outside
activities /employment. The list is as follows:
E &S
1. Reviewing erosion and sediment control plans prepared and
submitted by others to determine if they meet the regi irettei f s
of 25 Pa. Code ff102.1 kt, seq., the erosion contr*I
regulations of the Department of Environmental Resource*.
Such reviews include reviewing the sequencing of operations,
proposed controls, engineering calculations, and design
assumptions used for the plans. Often these reviews include
comments on related stormwater concerns and /or 061fflbent"s an the
improper application of hydrology and hydraulics formally
this is accomplished by recommending that the township
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 3
engineer review specific areas of concern and determine the
appropriateness of the calculations.
2. According to policies set up by the board, conducting
inspections of earthmoving activities to assure that
accelerated pollution to the waters of the Commonwealth is
being controlled. These inspectionsirequire analysis of the
control measures installed, review of the proposed measures
recommended in the plans, and; where necessary, requiring of
revised plans to meet the requirements of the regulations.
3. Responsibility for conducting training sessions for
consultants and the general public to advise them of the
requirements of the regulations and providing training on the
latest techniques and procedures available to obtain the
necessary controls.
4. Responsibility for obtaining "voluntary" compliance with the
above regulations when possible, but when necessary, assisting
the state in documenting the problems on the site and
assisting the state in taking whatever legal action is
necessary to gain compliance with the regulations.
5. Responsibility for the submission of various quarterly reports
and other reports as required for the program.
6. As erosion specialist for the District, making recommendations
to local municipalities or consultants as to the best way to
resolve an erosion or stormwater problem. This type of advice
is limited to pointing out general philosophies and general
techniques that others might use to prepare detailed plans for
the project.
Chesapeake Bay
7. Responsibility for the solicitation of and initial screening
of applicants for the state funded financial assistance
program. This includes explaining the program to potential
applicants and helping them complete the application.
Conducting an on -site evaluation of the farm to determine the
severity of the problems on the farm. This information is
used by the Bay Subcdtmittee of the District to set priority
for funding in the program.
8. After the applications have been prioritized, working with the
highest ranked farmers to prepare a nutrient management plan
which identifies all known pollution problems on the farm and
recommends, oways tc�,::correct, - problems. From this
information, an agreement is entered into between the
landowner and the Conservation District in which the landowner
Thomas Arthur Jams, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 4
agrees to correct the identified problems by specific time
frames and the District agrees to provide technical and
financial aid as specified in the agreement.
9. Responsibility for assuring that the practices are designed
and installed on a timely basis. This means preparing the
designs, or in some cases, having the SCS engineers prepare
the plans and coordinating the contracting and installation of
the project as well as completing the paperwork required to
process the cost -Share patent for the landowner:
10. Working with non-Bay participants by preparing a nutrient
management plan as requested and /or reviewing plan* prepared
by others. If the nutrient fttaiiagement law, as recommended by
the Mouse of Representatives were to pass, there would be
additional responsibility for reviewing the plans as required
by the legislation.
11. Responsibility for the submission of quarterly reports to the
state tracking the progress of the program.
On behalf of Mr. Travelpiece, you request a written advisory
as to whether Mr. Travelpiece, as an employee of the Columbia
County Conservation District, may perform consulting work as a
professional engineer as outlined above.
Discussions Based upon a review of Mr. Travelpiece's partial
description of his job duties as an employee of the Columbia County
Conservation District, Mr. Travelpiece is a public employee as that
term is defined under the Ethics'Law, and hence he is subject to
the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section_ _3 . Restricted _.Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The foiibwinq terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Sec Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." i?se
by a public official or public employee Of the
authority of his office or einploymeiit or any
confi dential information received through hid
holding public Office or entp loyittent for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 5
e D
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a memberof his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
'employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any - business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or wi,1,.1 be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be ,, employed. Any puff 4c official or
puI11c employee, who in t4e d,iseharge of his
official duties, would be; required to vote on
a matter that %old resu,l.t in .a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 6
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein. .
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to .abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the' person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee is prohibited
from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position
for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
It is noted that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does not
prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities or employment; however, the public official /employee may
not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own
private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A public official /employee
must exercise caution so that his private business activities do
not conflict' with his public duties,.' Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Thus, a public official /employee could not perform private business
using governmental facilities or personnel. In particular, the
governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research
materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a
means, in whole or part, to carry out private business activities.
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 7
In addition, the public official/employee could not during
government working hours,' solicit or promote such business
activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly
prohibit the use of confidential information received by holding
public office /employment for such a prohibited private pecuniary
benefit. _
In the event that the private employer /business or a private
client has a matter pending before Mr. Travelpiece's governmental
body or if Mr. Travelpiece as part of such official duties must
participate, review or pass upon that matter, a conflict would
exist. Miller, Opinion 89 -024. In those instances, it will be
necessary that Mr. Travelpiece be removed from that process, and
that he fully comply with the disclosure requirements of Section
3(j) as set forth above.
In summary, the Ethics Law would restrict the following:
1. The use of authority of office to obtain any business in
a private capacity;
2. utilization of confidential information gained through
public position;
3. participating in discussions, reviews, or recommendations
on matters which relate to.,the business /private employer which may
come before the governmental body and in such cases publicly
announcing the relationship or advising the supervisor as well,as
filing a written memorandum as per the requirements of Section 3;j j )
of the Ethics Law. Brooks, Opinion 89 -023.
In Ferrero, Order No. 720, the Commission held that a township
engineer violated of Section 3(a) of former Act 170 of 1978 in
reviewing or approving plans for persons who employed him or with
whom he had a business relationship. In denying a request for
reconsideration, the Commission characterized Ferrero's
representation of both sides -- the municipality and client -- as
"the most culpable aspect" of his actions. Ferrero, Order No. 720 -
R.
The specific scenarios posed by Mr. Travelpiece shall now be
addressed, in light of the above restrictions.
The first scenario would not present a conflict of interest
under Section 3(a), because that scenario is solely a private
business transaction without any link to the public employment.
Under the second scenario, Mr., Travelpiece would have a
conflict of int as : a _public_ employee in reviewing work
submitted by the consultant for whom Mr..Travelpiece performed
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 8
private work in another county. The consultant would be Mr.
Travelpiece's private client, and therefore the conflict would
arise under the reasoning of the Miller Opinion, supra, as well as
Ferrero, supra.
Under the third scenario, Section 3(a) would not preclude the
performance of the private consulting-work. However, once the
surveyor or developer would become a private business client of Mr.
Travelpiece, Mr. Travelpiece would thereafter have a conflict of
interest in his public employment capacity as to matters submitted
by the surveyor or developer.
Under the fourth scenario, it would appear that a conflict
would arise for Mr. Travelpiece were he to perform private
consulting work on stormwater plans for a project in Columbia
County which he had already reviewed on district time for erosion
and sediment control. This conclusion is based upon the submitted
facts which would indicate that Mr. Travelpiece would be using the
authority of his public position and possibly confidential
information for a private pecuniary benefit in that he would be
using information which he acquired as a public employee on public
time for a private pecuniary benefit in his private consulting
work.
Under the fifth scenario, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would
not preclude Mr. Travelpiece from performing private consulting
work in Columbia County, but should the project come before him in
his capacity as a public employee, he would have a' conflict of
interest.
Under the sixth scenario, a conflict of interest would arise
were Mr. Travelpiece to review, in his public capacity, the plans
of a consultant for which he was doing design work in another
county in his private capacity. Again, this conclusion is based
upon the Commission's decision in Miller, supra.
Under the seventh scenario, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
would not preclude Mr. Travelpiece from performing private
consulting work in Columbia County. However, should the project
come before him in his public capacity, a conflict of interest
would arise.
Under the eighth scenario, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
would not preclude Mr. Travelpiece from performing private
consulting work in Columbia County. However, should the project
come before him in his public capacity, a conflict of interest
would arise.
This Advice is conditioned upon the assumption that there
would no be "understandings" which would transgress Sections 3(b)
Thomas Arthur James, Jr.
December 3, 1992
Page 9
and /or 3(c) of the Ethics Law.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve 4n
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the County Code.
Conclusion: As an employee of the Columbia County Conservation
District, Mr. Travelpiece is a public employee subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would
not prohibit Mr. Travelpiece from performing private consulting
work as a licensed professional engineer, subject to the
restrictions, conditions, and limitations set forth above. Lastly,
the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requester has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this ,Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
cerely,
E)'cl(
Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel.