HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-644Ms. Mary Ellen McMillen
3765 Silverwood Drive
York, PA 17402
Dear Ms. McMillen:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
PO. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG. PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 13, 1992
92 -644
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Executive Director;
Executive Assistant III; Senate Urban Affairs and Housing
Committee.
This responds to your letter of October 9, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of an Executive Director
classified as an Executive Assistant III, following termination of
service with the Senate Urban Affairs and Housing Committee.
Facts: You state that on September 30, 1992, you terminated
employment with Senator James C. Greenwood as the Executive
Director of the Senate Urban Affairs and Housing Committee. On
October 1, 1992, you became an employee of S.R. Wojdak &
Associates, where you will act as a health care consultant. Based
upon the above, you seek an advisory as to the limitations of
Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law with regard to future contact with
the Senate �f Pennsylvania.
You state your understanding that the statute prohibits a
departing employee from representing a person before the
governmental body with which the employee had been associated for
a period of one year. You seek further clarification of these
restrictions with particular regard to meetings, phone calls,
written correspondence, and the like, and whether the contacts
might be initiated by you or by the Senate Urban Affairs and
Housing Committee.
You request an expedited response as you have already
undertaken your new duties.
A copy of 'yotit job description has been obtained from the
Ns Mary Ellen McMillen
November 13, 1992
Pate 2
Senate Urban Affairs and Housing Committe, . which document is
incorporated herein by reference.
Discussion: As the Executive Director for the Senate Urban Affairs
and Housing Committee, you would be considered a "public employee"
within the definition of that tern as set forth in the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law' and the Regulations of this
Commission. 65 P.S. S402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1. This conclusion is
based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an objective
basis, indicates clearly that the powef exists to take or recommend
official action of a .non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting, administering or
monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing or other
activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on
the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became
a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the Ethics Act
provides that:
Section._ 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official, or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you were associated while working with the Senate tirbai
Affairs and Housing Committee must be identified. Then, the scope
of the prohibitions associated with the concept and terth of
"representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official br
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Eth }es Lair as follows:
Section 2... Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee ‘is or has been
associated." The governmental body Within
State government or a political subdi`iaion
by' which the public official or employee is ter
has been einpldfied Of to vihieh the public
official Or employed is or has been- appoi1ited
or eledtea and subdivid iona and offices within
Ms. Mary Ellen McMillen
November 13, 1992
Page 3
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you were
associated upon termination of public service would,be,the Senate
of Pennsylvania, in its entirety. The above is based :upon the
language of the Ethics Law, the legislative intent (Legislative
Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior
precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006,
the Commission found that a former Division Director of the
Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely restricted to the
particular Division as was contended but was in fact restricted to
all of DPW regarding the one year representation restriction.
Similarly in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was determined that a
former legislative assistant to a state senator was not merely
restricted to that particular senator but to the entire Senate as
his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after- termination of service
with the Senate Urban Affairs and Housing Committee, Section 3(g)
of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict representation of
persons or new employers vis-a-vis the Senate of Pennsylvania, in
its entirety.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official /
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental .body with which the public official /employee wag
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. 51901 it is clear that the governmental body with which you
have been associated is the Senate of Pennsylvania, in its
entirety.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
Ms. Mary Ellen McMillen
November 13, 1992
Page 4
agencies pr entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in w"hicha person may engage, following
departure ; from their governmental;; body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts ' of - interest law is ptimarily concerned with financial
conf LEcts and violations of the public trust The intent of the
law generally is that during the terih of a person's public
employment he must_act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector., that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself br . a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to one year restriction against such
epresentation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person any activity which includes,
but is not limited ., to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
gthics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, Club or other
organization or group of persons.
The Commission., in Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the tein "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
_1. Personal appearauoes before the former governmental body
or . including, but not limited_ to negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. SubmisSiqi o .,bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
Ms. Mary Ellen McMillen
November 13, 1992
Page 5
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The form of contact is not dispositive. Representation by
you, whether in the form of meetings, phone calls, and /or written
correspondence, would be prohibited under Section 3(g). These
restrictions likewise would apply ' Without regard to which party
would initiate such a contact.-
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted -to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shav, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former gdvernmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to the Senate of Pennsylvania. However, you may not be identified
on documents submitted to the Senate of Pennsylvania. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the
Senate CI Pennsylvania. Once again, however, the activity in this
respect Should not be revealed to the Senate of Pennsylvania. Of
course, any'ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude
the making of general informational inquiries of the Senate of
Pennsylvania to secure information which is available to the
general public. This must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known
to that body the representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(C) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the 'vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a Complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
Ms. Mary Ellen McMillen
NoveMber 13, 1992
Page 6
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As the Executive Director of the Senate Urban Affairs
and Housing Committee, you would be considered a "public employee"
as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with the
Senate Urban Affairs and Housing Committee, you became a "former
public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The
former governmental body is the Senate of Pennsylvania, in its
entirety. The restrictions as to representation outlined above
must be followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
, evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the Material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
s
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
revieat this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Cottimission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
/ 4 16 f 4.
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel