HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-624STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 9, 1992
Jonathan P. Foster, Esquire 92 -624
Foster & Hartley
320 South Main Street
P.O. Box 278
Athens, PA 18810
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough, Joint Building
Code Enforcement Program, Building Code and Zoning Code
Enforcement Officer, Private Employment or Business, Real
Estate Agent, Building Contractor.
Dear Mr. Foster:
This responds to your letters of June 25, 1992, and July 24,
1992, in which you requested advice from the State Ethics
Commission.
Issue: Whether the. Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a Building Code and
Zoning Code Enforcement Officer, serving two boroughs in a Joint
Building Code Enforcement Program, who also works as a part -time
red g estate sales person or as a part -time building contractor in
the same area.
Facts: You request an advisory on behalf of applicants for the
position of Building Cod@ 4nd Zoning Code Enforcement Officer, who,
if selected, wpuld be s @ruing Athens Borough and Sayre Borough
through a Joint Building Code Enforcement Program.
You have enclosed a copy of the job description that the
respectjue Borough Councils propose to utilize in the selection of
an in4lxidual for the po§ tion, which job description is
incorppr @d herein by refer @npe.
On of these applicaRtg also works as a p rt -time real estate
sales person irk th `� S@ �the4s area. The ot iidividu41 b
cons}dered for is osl ioz� works as °a part -time A bui4 .ng
contractor in the same y
ant Sayre- Athe>ls area.
You request an advisory from this Commission as to 11141Wier
Jonathan P. Foster, Esquire
September 9,1992
Page 2
there is a conflict of interest As to - these applicants. In the
event there is not a conflict, you request that the advisory
provide guidance to the Bordughs and Applicants, should they be
employed, of their responsibilities to aVdid conflicts and properly
disclose conflicte..
piscussion: It is initially noted that your request for an
advisory is general in nature, and therefore -this Advice responding
to your request must also be general.
AL Building Code and .Zoning Code Enforcement Officer for the
Joint Building Code Enfo'rcement Program for Athens Borough and
Sayre Borough would be a "public employee" as that term ig 4efined
under the Ethics Law, and hence would be subject to ths provisions
of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. p.estricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
Constitutes aconflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of intlrest." Us, by . _ y • •
a p014 official or public 91 of the
R4th9riliii of his offiae.0remel4WIdni or any
conflaential information r9cePrOg through his
holdi4 public office or employment for the
private pec4niary benef# of himsolf, a member
OF his ilarTa4ate family oz 4.1111#12104# with
which he or a m4mber of hi g iffpgaiate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "coliflict . of
intereites not -include an action having a
d*'10 economic impact or hici affeets
the same dgee a class c9nfaV of g14.
genereI 'public or a sa:q1ass coma of an -1
%i indutxy occupation or other group which
inclu4eS the public officiel or public
' 19Y@Pf 0140:710F of his imme$44tf family or
usineff 1144 h er a M40 of 41q
immediate family is asgociated.
"14.9rItY pf office or emp/oyment.." The
Actual PorMr Pr9v140 by law, 44-4/34r4Ise of
which is necessary to the performance of
Jonathan P. Foster, Esquire
September 9, 1992
Page 3
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular ..
lar public office Or` position of public
_ employment
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial
' interest in a legal entity engaged in business
for profit which comprises more than 5% of the
equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3 -(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics- Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official'action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would . be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3 . :4estri.cted activities.
(j). Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise ` addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, . regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
'public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
'a 'matter that would result in a conflict of abo
interest shall'abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly-announce and ' PC
disclose 'the nature of his interest as a
;public' record: in a written memorandum filed
wit 1 - the person responsible for recording the
minuteo of the meeting at which the vote is
takeh, provided that . whenever a governing'body.
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting' under the
provisions of this section makes the majority. ••-
Jonathan P. Foster, Esquire
September 9, 1992
Page 4
or other legally required vote of approval_
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three-member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
- interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who hat abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official/employee to abstain and' to publicly °disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above- provisions of. the Ethic i Law to the
circumstances which you have submitted pursuant to §ection 3 (a) of
the Ethics Law, a public -official/public employee is -prohibited
from using the authority of public office/employment or
confidential information received by hojding such a public position
for the private pecuniary benefit of the public of ficial/public
employee himself , any member of his immediate family, or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate famify is associated.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official/
public employee is required to abstain from any participation of
any nature whatsoever, and to fully - satisfy the disclosure
requirements of Section 3(j) as it foithaliOr. -
In this case, the first candidate who LA a part-time real
estate sales person is clearly associated with a real estate firm.
The second candidate who is a part-time hullding contractor is
clearly associated with that business, evenif he is a sole
proprietor. Pursuant to Section 3(a), thee individials could
therefore not use the authority of the public position of Building
Code and Zoning Code Enforcement -Officer, or confidential
information received by holding that cosition, or the private
pecuniary benefit of themselves or the respective 'businesses with
which they are associated. Conflicts of interest would,also'arime
as to matters involving business clients. *Wet, 00.44on No 69-
024. -• ,
Furthermore, the successful candidate may not use the
authority of the public position as Building Code and Zoning Code
Enforcement Officer or confidential information received by holding
that position to obtain listings in his private capacity as a real
estate agent, See, Stevens, Advice 88-539; Rennig, Advice 81-520;
Jonathan P. Foster, Esquire
September 9, 1992
Page 5
Rudnitskv, Advice 8I -525, or to obtain private work as a
contractor. It is „also clear that the successful' candidate may not
participate in any matter in his public capacity that involves
particular property for which he .has acted as real estate agent or
contractor. Furthermore, the Section 3 prrohibitions apply not
only-to those paxticu .ar clients and to those particular properties
for which the individual has already acted as a real estate agent
or contractor, but would also include any property or . prospective
client with whom the individual would foreseeably be involved in
the future.. Thus, if the successful candidate knows or has a
reasonable expectation at the time that he is called upon to act in
an official capacity on a matter that he maybe asked to do private
work on behalf of a person or entity involved, or with regard to a
Particular parcel of property involved, this individual should
refrain from any official participation such matter and satisfy
the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j).
Some obvious examples where the above restrictions of Section
3(a) would apply would include situations where the Building Code
and Zoning Code Enforcement Officer would be called upon to perform
his duties as to former, present or prospective private clients or
with regard to particular parcels of property with . which the
Officer had been involved or would reasonably be expected to become
involved in a priv capacity.
Sections 3(b) and 3(c) noted above could clearly come into
play if, for example, the Building Code and Zoning Code Enforcement
Officer were to participate in a matter involving a party Ar
piece of property and approve, in his public capacity, matters
involving that property and shortly thereafter obtain „Rr vate work
involving the property, such as the listing to mar t or . a
construction contract: In this respect, if the .ndl a 10.1 d
have already acted in a matter that involves a pAti cular' ! q4 of
property, it might be the better practice to - foie*Q Wti' dtdte
employment in relation to that property. This advisor', 'being
general in nature, does not relate to any' specific factual
circumstances as none have been provided in relation to your
request.
Given that your` request for an advisory was general in nature,
and therefore necessitated a general response, it is.recomtnended
that should” particular circumstances arise in. the future where � a
conflict nay , exist for the successful candidate who filis . this
position, further advice be sought from this Coimnission.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
Jonathan P. Foster, Esquire
September 9s, 19.9 2
•age 6
herein. is the applicability of the Borough Code or the Pennsylvania
Municipalities Planning Code.
Cq;1ue4444: A Building Cede. and Zoning Code Enforcement Officer
Agr the Joint Building Code forAement Program of Athens Borough
aid Sstyre Bar"Qugh woul4 be a , public ,employee sub jsgt to the
grow cis of the Ethics Law. Pursuant to Section 3(a,) of the
Mice l a E rild4 g Qode and Zoning Code, Enforcement Officer
also suing as a part-A3 a real estate "sales person or as a part -.
time building contractor: in the same area max not use the authority
of his publao position PX, cOP information obtained by
holding that position for the private pecuniary a f it Of himself,
any business with which he iss asspeiated including but not limited
to the real estate firm Qr contracting business.s or business
clients % The authority of this Public position and /or confidential
information may not, be used to ebtain private work, fdr example as
a real estate agent or as a contractor. The Building Code and
Zoning Code Enforcement Officer may not participate in any matter
coming before him that relates to a particular parcel of property
for whioh he is or may reasonably expect to be the listing agent or
contractor, nor may he participate in relation to a particular
ildividual who has employed or may reasonably be e*pected to efftiq
his private services. In each instance of a F.onf ri.ct inters r
as set forth above,, the Building Code and Zoning Code Eh f oroemt
Officer would be required to-abstain from any participation of any
nature whatsoever and to fully satisfy the disclosuret,tequirementS
of Section 3(j) as set forth above Las the propriety of the
proposed gonduct has only been addressed ungier the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this A -6@ i S s. `domplete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated la the co#mission , and
evidence of good faith conduct in :any 04er. civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor had .disclosed .truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advi,e4ee Oven.
This letter is a- public: record and will be made available as
such,
ri.nal. y, if you disagree with this 4d er if. you have any
reason to challenge same, yeu m4y reguest that the f411 Commission
review this Advi.e'e , A peraeaa1 appearance Were the commission
will be scheduled end a fgrm41 Opinion fr@m the gemmission will be
issued, Any Pugh appeal must be "in iting af}d must be receiued at
the Commission within 15 day@ of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 53-12-
nciere1y,
Vin , 000ko
Chief eot}nsel