HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-613Mr. Thomas R. Simchak
327 Beadling Road
Pittsburgh, PA 15228
Dear Mr. Simchak:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 15, 1992
92 -613
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Rehabilitation
Supervisor; Redevelopment Authority of Allegheny County.
This responds to your letter of June 9, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Rehabilitation
Supervisor following termination of service with the Redevelopment
Authority of Allegheny County.
Facts: Noting a prior telephone conversation with Commission
staff, you request an advisory from the State Ethics Commission
based upon the following facts.
You were previously employed by the Redevelopment Authority of
Allegheny County ( "Redevelopment Authority ") in the position of
Rehabilitation Supervisor. In July, 1990, an application for
funding was made by the Redevelopment Authority on behalf of
Housing Opportunities, Inc. to secure funding from the Pennsylvania
Department of Community Affairs (DCA), with the proceeds to be used
in conjunction with a program providing assistance to homeowners in
foreclosure proceedings. The application for funding was approved
by DCA, and a contract was executed in September, 1991 between the
Redevelopment Authority and Housing Opportunities, Inc. for the
purposes of carrying out the program. Your role in this.process
was acting as the coordinator of the application process as well as
the contact person at the Redevelopment Authority to whom
representatives from Housing Opportunities, Inc. would submit
applications for funding. The approval of applications submitted
to the Redevelopment Authority was made by -its Executive Director.
You .recently accepted a position with Housing- Opportunitiets,
Inc., as ,vice. President in charge of operations. The
aforementioned contract is in-place between the Redevelopment
Mr. Thomas :R R. Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 2
Authority and Mousing Opportunities, Inc., and Housing
Opportunities, Inc. will continue to submit applications to the
Redevelopment Authority pursuant to the contract Given these
circumstances and in order to avoid an "appearance" of a conflict
of interest, you request an advisory to outline the restrictions of
the Ethics Law upon you in your new position with Housing
Opportunities, Inc.
Copies of your job description and organizational chart for
your former position with the Redevelopment Authority have been
obtained from the Redevelopment Authority and are incorporated
herein by reference. It is noted that the accompanying cover
letter of Mr. Richard P. Drnevich, Director of the Redevelopment
Authority, indicates that you resigned your position with the
Redevelopment Authority with your last day being May 15, 1992.
Discussion: It is initially noted that to the extent your request
involves past conduct, such is beyond the scope of an advisory and
may not be addressed. A reading of Sections 7(10) and (11) of the
Ethics Act makes it clear that an opinion /advice may be given only
as to prospective (future) conduct. If the activity in question
has already occurred, the Commission may not issue an
opinion /advice but any person shay then submit a signed and sworn
complaint which will be investigated by the Commission if there are
allegations of Ethics Law violations by a person who is subject to
the Ethics Law.
In this case, any questions as to conflict of interest would
inherently be past conduct and may not be addressed. By
definition, conflicts of interest under the Ethics Law arise for
public officials /public employees. Since you no longer are
employed in a public capacity, any conflicts of interest which may
have arisen for you would necessarily involve past conduct.
Therefore, this advisory shall discuss Sections 3(a), (b) and
(c) of the Ethics Law for informational purposes. Section 3(g)
will then be addressed because it would restrict your future
conduct.
Having set forth the above parameters for this. Advisory, in
your former position as a Rehabilitation Supervisor for the
Redevelopment Authority of Allegheny County ( "Redevelopment
Authority "), you would be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of - that term as set forth in the Public Official and
Employee Ethics. Law and the Regulations of this Commission. 65
P.S. S402; 51-Pa- Code Si .1. This conclusion is based upon:the job
description, which when reviewed on an chlec ive✓ bas .s, indicat s
clearly that the power exists to take: or, recommend action,
of a non - ministerial- natuFe, with respect, to.. contracting,
procurement, PleT214,q1 inspecting, adminis?tering or monitoring
Mr. Thomas R. Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 3
grants, leasing, regulating;, auditing or other activities where the
economic ,impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of
another person..
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or. "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
: particular public office or position of public
employment.
Pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official/
public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office /employment or confidential information received by holding
such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the
public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. Pursuant to Section 3(a), a public
'official /public employee could not use the authority of_his public
position or confidential information received by holding that
Z4, Thomas R. Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 4
position to advance a prospective private employment opportunity.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete informational response to the question presented.
Turning to the applicability of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law
to your prospective conduct, upon termination of public service,
you became a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you have been associated while working with the Redevelopment
Authority must be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions
associated with the concept and term of "representation" must be
reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you have been
Mr. Thomas R. Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 5
associated upon termination of public service would be the
Redevelopment Authority of Allegheny County in its entirety. The
above is based upon the language of the "Ethics Law, the legislative
intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15, at 290,
291) and the precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli,
Opinion 90 -005, the Commission found that a former Division
Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely
restricted to the particular Division as was contended but was in
fact . restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year representation
restriction. Similarly in:- Sharp Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was
determined that a former legislative assistant to a state senator
was not merely restricted to that particular senator but to the
entire Senate as his former governmental body. -
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with the Redevelopment Authority, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law
would apply and restrict representation of persons or new employers
vis -a -vis the Redevelopment Authority.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee . is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving-door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
'agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. 51901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
have been associated is the Redevelopment Authority of Allegheny
County in its entirety.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure front their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest lave is primarily concerned with financial
Mr. Thomas R. Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 6
conflicts and violations of the publics trust,. The intent. of the
law generally is that during the terns[ of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association wltk- the public . sector,
officials or employees to Secure for himself or a new emp1cger,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body-
In respect to the one year restriction aga such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
The' Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics. Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
.2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any natters before the former
" governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or empioyer before the former governmental body in relation
Mr. Thomas R. Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 7
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if .submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shay, Opinion 91 -012,, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to the Redevelopment Authority. However, you may not be identified
on documents submitted to the Redevelopment Authority. You may
also counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before
the Redevelopment Authority. Once again, however, the activity in
this respect should not be revealed to the Redevelopment Authority.
Of course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or
preclude the making of general informational inquiries of the
Redevelopment Authority to secure information which is available to
the general public. This must not be done in an effort to
indirectly influence the former governmental body or to otherwise
make known to that body the representation of, or work for the new
employer.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute., code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than' the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the County Code.
Conclusion: In your former capacity as a Rehabilitation Supervisor
for the Redevelopment Authority of Allegheny County, you would be
considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon
termination of service with the Redevelopment Authority of
Allegheny County, you became a "former public employee" subject to
Section.3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former governmental body is
the Redevelopment Authority of Allegheny County. The restrictions .
as to representation outlined above must be followed. The
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above,, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the yea,r fallowing. termination of service.
Mr. Thomas:- R;, Simchak
July 15, 1992
Page 8
Pursuant to- Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and conaaitted the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received' at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code §2.12.
Sincerely,
4Co A% # .
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel