HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-608Dear Mr. Fridirici:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O.. _BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 24, - 1992
Mr. C. Theodore Fridirici 92 -608
820 South York Road
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Re: Former Public. Employee; Section 3(g); Environmental Planner
II; PennDOT; Consulting Work on Pennsylvania Turnpike
Commission Projects.
This responds to your undated letters received May 26, 1992,
and June 22, 1992, in which you requested advice from the State
Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of an Environmental
Planner II following termination of service with the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation, specifically with
regard to prospective consulting work on Pennsylvania Turnpike
Commission projects.
Facts: As an Environmental Planner II for the newly formed Bureau
of Environment for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation (PennDOT), you request an advisory from this
Commission regarding Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. You
specifically ask whether you would be precluded for a one year
period following termination from PennDOT from working for a
consultant on Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission projects.
You have submitted a copy of your job description, job
classification specification and an organizational chart which
documents are incorporated herein by reference. You state that
your job description adequately the majority of your job
duties, although couched in terms of the duties of a Water
Pollution Biologist I (your prior position for which you had been
initially hired). You note that you also do extensive agency
coordination on project development.
Discussion: As an Environmental Planner II for the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT" , you would
be considered a "public employee" within the definition of that
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&t.it 24i 1142
Page 2
term as set forth in the Public Official. and Employee Ethics Law
and the Regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code
X1.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description, which
when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the
power exists to take or recommend official action of a non-
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting, administering or monitoring grants, leasing,
regulating, auditing or other activities where the economic impact
is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you have been associated while working with PennDOT must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed_ or to which the public
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you have . been
associated upon termination of public service would be PennDOT in
its entirety, including but not limited to the Bureau. of
Environment. The above is based upon the language of the Ethics
Mr. C. Theodore Pridirici
June 24, 1992
Page 3
Law, the legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No 15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this
Commission. Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found
that a former Division Director of the Department of Public Welfare
(DPW) was not merely restricted to the particular Division as was
contended but was in fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the
one year representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion
90- 009 -R, it was determined that a former legislative assistant to
a state senator was not merely restricted to that particular
senator but to the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
- Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with PennDOT, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and
restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to the Bureau of
Environment.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been, associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official/
employee had influence or control but extended to the entire
governmental body with which the public official /employee was
associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the legislative
debate relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly-clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency- or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate_ the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. §1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
have been associated is PennDOT in its entirety, including but not
limited to the Bureau of Environment.
However, in response to your specific inquiry, the
governmental body with which you have been .associated would not
include the < Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission. '.:Therefore, the
restrictions of Section 3(g) would not restrict your conduct before
the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics. Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
Mr. C. Theodore Fridirici
June 24, 1992
Page 4
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics. Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
Mr. C. Theodore FridiAici
June 24, 1992
Page 5
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by, the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shay, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in • the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to PennDOT. However, you may not be identified on documents
submitted to PennDOT. You may also counsel any person regarding
that person's appearance before PennDOT. Once again, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to PennDOT. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not "prohibit or preclude
the making of general informational inquiries of PennDOT to secure
information which is available to the general public. This must
not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3.(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the .Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code of
Conduct.
Conclusion: As an Enviro unentgl Planner II for the Commonwealth of
Mr. C. Theodore Fridirici
June 24, 1992
Page 6
Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you are to
be considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law.
Upon termination of service with PennDOT, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics
Law. The former governmental body would be PennDOT in its
entirety, including but not limited to the Bureau of Environment.
The former governmental body would not include the Pennsylvania
Turnpike Commission. The restrictions as to representation
outlined above must be followed. The propriety of the proposed
,conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or crimifial
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
1 ,C:tcutfr,
Vincent J. DopXo
Chief Counsel