HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-605Ms. Amy J. Leader
160 Sharon Drive
York, PA 17403
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Director of Office of
Federal and State Relations; Legislative Liaison 3; Department
of Public Welfare.
Dear Ms. Leader:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1 610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 18, 1992
92 -605
This responds to your letter of May 22, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of the Director of the
Office of Federal and State Relations following termination of
service with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Public
Welfare.
Facts: As the Director of the Office of Federal and State
Relations for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Public Welfare (DPW), you request an advisory from this Commission
regarding your dutues under the Ethics Law. You describe your job
duties as being responsible for monitoring legislation affecting
DPW in the Commonwealth Legislature and Congress; working with the
State House and Senate members and staff on departmental bills and
inquiries; working with the Governor's Legislative Secretary and
the Governor's Washington Office; and assisting the Secretary of
Public Welfare on legislative matters. Your position reports
directly to the Secretary of Public Welfare.
You have accepted a position as State Government Relations
Manager with Hershey Foods Corporation within its Governmental
Relations Office. In that position you will be responsible for
working with the legislatures in all fifty states, when
appropriate, on issues pertinent to the corporation. You do not
anticipate having direct contact with DPW but state that you may
want to maintain relations with persons in other state agencies and
members of the Governor's staff.
You specifically inquire as "to whether your prospective
Ms. Amy d' . Leader -
June 18, 1992
Page 2
position of employment with Iiershey Foods Corporation would result
in a violation of state statute. Pr the regulations of this
Commission. You inquire as to what activities, if any, you must
refrain from performing to avoid being in violation of the law.
A copy of your job description, job classification
been and organizational chart have een obtained from DPW,
all of which documents are incorporated herein by reference. It is
noted that in your present position with DPW, you are classified as
a Legislative Liaison 3.
Discussion: As the Director of the Office of Federal and State
Relations for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Public Welfare (DPW), you are to be considered a "public employee"
within the definition of that term as set forth in the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law and the Regulations of this
Commission, 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code 51.1. This conclusion is
based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an objective
basis t indicates clearly that the power exists to take or recommend
official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting, administering or
monitoring grants, leasing, regulating, auditing or other
activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on
the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you have been associated while working with DPW must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows
1.2V-on Definitions,
Ms. Amy J. Leader
June 18, 1992
Page 3
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public .
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you would be
associated upon termination of public service would be DPW in its
entirety, including but not limited to the Office of Federal and
State Relations.' The above is based upon the language of the
Ethics Law, the legislative intent (Legislative Journal of House,
1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291) and the prior precedent of this
Commission. Thus, in Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006, the Commission found
that a former Division Director of the Department of Public Welfare
(DPW) was not merely restricted to the particular Division as was
contended but was in fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the
one year representation restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion
90- 009 -R, it was determined that a former legislative assistant to
a state senator was not merely restricted to that particular
senator but to the entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with DPW, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict
representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis DPW.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public
official /employee had influence or control but extended to the
entire governmental body with which the public official /employee
was associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the
legislative debate relative to the amendatory language for the
above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit,.." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law .must be construed to ascertain
Ms. Amy J. Leader
June 18, 1992
Page 4
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. 51901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
have been associated is DPW in its entirety, including but not
limited to the Office of Federal and State Relations.
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one's ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
conflicts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is that during the term of a person's public
employment he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector, that individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
Xs. Amy J. Leader
June 18, 1992
Page 5
renegotiations in general or as to contracts
2. Attempts to influence;
3. Submission of or contract proposals which are signed
by or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shav, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to DPW. However, you may not be identified on documents submitted
to DPW. You may also counsel any person regarding that person's
appearance before DPW. Once again, however, the activity in this
respect should not be revealed to DPW. Of course, any ban under
the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude the making of general
informational inquiries of DPW to secure information which is
available to the .general public. This must not be done in an
effort to indirectly influence the former governmental body or to
otherwise make known to that body the representation of, or work
for the new employer.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby. Reference -is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgressien
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
Ms. Amy J. Leader
June 18, 1992
Page 6
- addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code cf - conduct other
than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code of
Conduct.
Conclusion: As the Director of the Office of Federal and State
Relations for the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Public Welfare (DPW), classified as a Legislative Liaison 3, you
are to be considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics
Law. Upon termination of service with DPW, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 1(g) of the Ethics
Law. The former governmental body is DPW in its entirety,
including 'but not limited to the Office of Federal and State
Relations. The restrictions as to representation outlined above
must be followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ehics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
tiled for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by. the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
Sincerely, ()
- Vincent . Dopko
Chief Counsel