HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-593John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
Shorall and Shorall
15th Floor, Frick Building
Pittsburgh, PA 15219
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
PO. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 1, 1992
92 -593
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Assistant City-Solicitor,
Partner in Law Firm Acting as Underwriters' Counsel.
Dear Mr. Shorall:
This responds to your letter of April 28, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an assistant city
solicitor who is a partner in a law firm that is acting as
underwriters' counsel in a financing being undertaken by a
municipal authority in that same municipality and by the county
where the municipality is located.
Facts: As an Assistant City Solicitor for the City of Pittsburgh
( "City "), you seek an advisory from the State Ethics Commission.
You state that the law firm of Shorall and Shorall, of which you
are a partner, is being retained to act as Underwriters' Counsel
representing PNC Securities Corp and Mellon Bank Public Finance, as
Underwriters (the "Underwriters ") in a financing being undertaken
by the Public Auditorium Authority of Pittsburgh and Allegheny
County as Issuer (the "Issuer "). You seek an advisory addressing
the issue of whether any conflict of interest is presented by
virtue of your simultaneous service as trial counsel for the City
contemporaneously with your firm acting as Underwriters' Counsel in
a transaction being undertaken by the Issuer. You note that you do
not believe that any such conflict exists.
You have submitted the following factual circumstances, set
forth herein verbatim:
The Issuer -was incorporated on February 3,
1954 pursuant to the Public Auditorium
Authorities Law, Act of July 29, 1953, P.L.
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 2
1034, as amended (the "Auditorium Law "), as a
joint authority organized by the City of
Pittsburgh (the "City ") and the County of
Allegheny (the "County ") for the purpose of
benefiting the public by, among other things,
increasing its educational, cultural,
physical, civic, social and moral welfare.
The Issuer is authorized under the Auditorium
Law to authorize, construct, improve, maintain
and operate public auditoriums and exhibit
halls, to borrow money, to issue bonds
therefor, and to secure the . payment of such
bonds; to enter into contracts, leases and
licenses with, and to accept grants from,
private sources, the federal government, the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (the
"Commonwealth "), its agencies or any political
subdivisions thereof, and to collect rentals,
admissions and license fees for the use of it s
projects.
The Issuer is represented by its counsel,
Eckert Seamans Cherin & Mellott of Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania. Bond Counsel in the transaction
is Klett, Lieber, Ronney & Schorling of
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
The Issuer's Board consists of five members,
two of whom are appointed by the Mayor of the
City, two by the County Commissioners and one
by the Mayor and the Commissioners jointly.
The Board members serve without compensation
for terms of , five years, the term of one
member expiring each year.
The Bonds will be secured by an assignment and
pledge to the Trustee of all payments made to
the Issuer by the City and the County pursuant
to a Supporting Agreement. Under the
Supporting Agreement, the City and the County
will each unconditionally agree to pay one-
half of the principal and interest on the
Bonds as the same shall become due and
.payable. The Bonds will be special limited
obligations of the Issuer payable solely from
the amount held by the Trustee under the
Indenture providing for the issuance of the
Bonds and from the receipt's of the Issuer
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 3
pursuant to the Supporting Agreement. The
Issuer has no taxing power. The obligations
of the City and the County under the
Supporting. Agreement will constitute general
obligations of the City and the County. The
full faith, credit and taxing power of the
City and the County will 'be pledged for the
payment of the obligations of the City and the
County under the Supporting Agreement. The
City and the County will undertake all
necessary action to have the amounts of such
payment included in their respective debt
limits under the Local Government Unit Debt
Act of the_Commonwealth, Act of July 12, 1973,
P.L. 791, as reenacted and amended, and both
the City and the County will receive approval
ftom the Pennsylvania Department of Community
Affairs for the incurrence of the debt in
accordance with the provisions of the Local
Government Unit Debt Act.
The proceeds of the Bonds will be used to pay
the costs of (i) the acquisition of certain
property for expansion of the David L.
Lawrence Convention . Center; (ii) the
acquisition of certain property to be leased
to the Historical Society of Western
Pennsylvania for renovations and for the
operation of . a_ museum; (iii) the acquisition
of certain property to be leased to the
Pittsburgh Trust for Cultural Resources for
the construction and operation of a theater;
and (iv) payment of certain costs of issuance
relating to the Bonds
Shorall letter of April 28, 1992, at 1 -2.
You note that the facts which you have presented are parallel
to those addressed in an advisory which your office previously
requested, specifically Advice 86-585. You seek confirmation of
your understanding of the applicable law as set forth in the prior
Advice, and setting forth a finding that no prohibition exists to
the undertaking by your office of the professional engagement
described above.
Discussion: As an Assistant City Solicitor for the City of
Pittsburgh, you are -a public employee as that term is defined under
the Ethics Law, , and hence you are subject to the prov.3.sions..,gf ,that
law. c „
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 4
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official-or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects .. to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of 'office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse,
child, brother or sister.
"Business with which he is associated.
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
" interest. ". Any financial
interest in a legal entity engaged in business
for pr1?. whioh `comprises more than, 5% of. the
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 5
equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in
indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the `law not to imply that there has
been or will any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete responseto the question presented.
Section3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
.¢(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee, who in the discharge of his
official duties, would be required to vote on
a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three- member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member . has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is .r'
made as otherwise provided herein.
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 6
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official/employee to abstain and - to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
Having set forth the above provisions of the Ethics Law, a
brief analysis is helpful before applying them directly to the
circumstances which you have submitted. Pursuant to Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee is prohibited
from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position
for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
It is noted that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does not
prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities or employment; however, the public official /employee may
not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own
private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A public official /employee
must exercise caution so that his private business activities do
not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Thus, a public official /employee could not perform private business
using governmental facilities or personnel. In particular, the
governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research
materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a
means, in whole or part, to carry out private business activities.
In addition, the public official /employee could not during
government working hours, solicit or promote such business
activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly
prohibit the use of confidential information received by holding
public office / employment for such a prohibited private pecuniary
benefit.
In the event that the private employer`or business has a
matter pending before the .governmental body -or if the public
official /public employee as part of such official duties must
participate, review or pass upon that matter, a conflict would
exist. Miller, Opinion 89 -024. In those instances, it will be
necessary that the public officialfpublic employee be removed from
that process.
In such cases as noted above, Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law
would require not only that the public official /public employee
abstain from participation but also file a written memorandum to
that effect -with . 4e. person recording the minutes or his
supervisor.
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 7
In summary, the Ethics Law would restrict the following:
1. The use of authority of office to obtain any business in
a private capacity;
2. utilization of confidential information gained through
public position;
3.,, participating in discussions, reviews, or recommendations
on matters which relate to the - business /private employer which may
come before the governmental body and in such cases publicly
announcing the relationship or advising the supervisor as well as
filing a written memorandum as per the requirements of Section 3(j)
of the Ethics Law. Brooks, Opinion 89 -023.
Turning to the factual circumstances which you have submitted,
it is clear that pursuant to Section 3(a) you may riot use the
authority of your public position or any confidential information
obtained through holding your public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of yourself, any member of your immediate family,
or any business with which you or a member of immediate family
is associated, which would include but not be limited to your law
firm. In the instant situation, it is clear that you would have a
conflict of interest in your capacity as a public employee as to
the "Supporting Agreement" to which the City will be a party, as to
which you would be required to abstain from any participation of
any nature whatsoever and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of
Section 3(j).
Otherwise the facts do not suggest a conflict of interest for
you under the Ethics Law. The City of Pittsburgh is a separate and
distinct entity from the Public Auditorium Authority of Pittsburgh
and Allegheny County. Authorities that have been created under the
Pennsylvania Municipality Authorities Act are deemed to be separate
and distinct from the municipality under which they were created
and, in effect, are considered to be entities of the Commonwealth
of, Pennsylvania. Commonwealth v. Erie Metropolitan Transit
Authority, 444 Pa. 345, 281 A.2d 822 (1971). In light of this, the
Public Auditorium Authority of Pittsburgh is not, represented by the
office of the Pittsburgh City Solicitor but is rather represented
by its own solicitor. Similarly, Allegheny County would be
represented by its own solicitor. It is assumed for the purposes
of this Advice therefore, that the City Solicitor's Officer
performs no functions in relation to the Public Auditorium
Authority of Pittsburgh and /or Allegheny County, and, consequently,
has no responsibilities in relation thereto. Thus, although you
would not be able to use your position as an Assistant City
Solicitor to advance the interests of yourself or your lava firm in
relation to this particular project, insofar as you perform no
duties or responsibilities in your public position in relation to
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 8
the Public Auditorium Authority of Pittsburgh and /or Allegheny
County, there would appear to be no per se prohibition precluding
your appointment as Underwriters' Counsel. gni, Richards, Order
No.. 376.
It is conceivable that other circumstances may arise which
would cause a conflict of interest to develop for you. For
example, if there would be litigation in relation to this situation
and for some reason, the Pittsburgh Office of City Solicitor were
to. be involved, Section 3(a) could, in some instances, be
iapl,cated., _ Should such circumstances arise, it is recommended
\ that';further ; advice be sought from this Commission.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the respective municipal code or
Home Rule Charter, or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: As an Assistant City Solicitor for the City of
Pittsburgh, you are a public employee subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Law. Section'3(a) of the Ethics Law would not preclude
you from outside employment /business activity subject to the
restrictions and qualifications as noted above. In the event that
the employer /business has matters pending before your governmental
body, then you could not participate in that matter and the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as
outlined above must be satisfied. Under the facts which you have
submitted, the Ethics Law presents no per se prohibition upon your
service as a part -time Assistant City Solicitor while at the same
time you are a member of a law firm which has been appointed as
Underwriters' Counsel in a financing being undertaken by the Public
Auditorium Authority of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County. In your
capacity as a public employee, you would have a conflict of
interest as to the related Supporting Agreement to which the City
of Pittsburgh will be a party, as to which you must abstain from
any participation of any nature whatsoever and must satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j). Should additional
circumstances arise, such as, for example, the involvement of the
Office of City Solicitor in litigation in relation to this
situation, it is recommended that the further advice of this
Commission be sought. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense .
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
John G. Shorall, II, Esquire
June 1, 1992
Page 9
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
Will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission Will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
ig
.
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel