HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-592STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 =1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 1, 1992
Mr. Brian P. Walsh 92 -592
Deputy Secretary for Administration
Department of Commerce
238 Main Capitol Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120
Re: Commissioner, Governor's Advisory Commission on African
American Affairs; Commissioner, Port of Pittsburgh Commission;
Public Official; FIS
Dear Mr. Walsh:
This responds to your letter of April 22, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Commissioners serving on two newly formulated
Commissions, the Governor's Advisory Commission on African American
Affairs and the Port of Pittsburgh Commission, are to be considered
within the definition of "public official" as set forth in the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Law, and therefore subject to
the provisions of the Ethics Law including but not limited to the
requirement to file Statements of Financial Interests.
Facts:` As Deputy Secretary for Administration for the Department
of Commerce, you request an advisory from the State Ethics
Commission regarding the status of Commissioners serving on two
newly formulated Commissions which have come under the auspices of
the Department of Commerce. You specifically ask whether the
Members of these Commissions are public officials under the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law.
The first Commission is the Governor's Advisory Commission on
African American Affairs. You note that this Council was
established by the Governor through Executive Order 1991 -7, a copy
of which Executive Order has been submitted and is incorporated
herein by reference.
The second new organizational entity is the Port of Pittsburgh
Commission. You note that this Commission was formulated through
legislation, specifically Senate Bill No. 1711 (Session pf 1990,
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 2
Printer's: No. 2630) a copy .of which has been submitted and is
incorporated herein by reference.
You ask that the documentation and enabling legislation
governing these Commissions be reviewed for a determination as to
how the requirements of the Ethics Law apply to their Members.
Discussion: It is necessary to analyze the duties, functions and
responsibilities of the Commissioners serving on the above two
newly formulated Commissions in order to determine whether they are
within the definition of "public official" as set forth in the
Ethics Law and the Regulations of the Commission. Philips v. State
Ethics Commission, 79 Pa. Commw. Ct. 491, 470 A. 2d 659 (1984).
As for the first Commission, the Governor's Advisory
Commission on African American Affairs was established as the
Commonwealth's advocate agency for its African American citizens.
The functions of the Commission include:
1 . Advising the . Governor on policies, procedures,
legislation, and regulations which affect the African
American community and which will enable the Commonwealth
to be responsive to its needs;
2. To develop', review and recommend to the Governor policies
to prevent and eradicate racial discrimination in the
areas of health and human services, housing, education,
employment, business formation and development, public
accommodations, - and in contracting . practices and,
procedures;
To provide appropriate assistance and advice to the
Pennsylvania Minority Business Development Authority as
may be necessary;
4. To serve as a liaison to federal, ,state, and local
agencies to ensure that programs affecting African
Americans are effectively utilized ..and .that benefits
accrue equitably to members of the African American
community;
To serve as a resource for community groups on African
American issues, programs, sources of funding, and
compliance requirements within state government for the
benefit and advancement of African Americans;
To assist local African American community groups in
developing strategies and programs which will expand and
enhance the social, cultural, and economic status of the
African American community;
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 3
7. To work with the Bureau of Affirmative Action /Contract
Compliance to strengthen the enforcement of the
Commonwealth's anti - discriminatory hiring, retention, and
promotion policies;
To work with the Governor's Office to promote legislation
which ensures the equitable treatment of all citizens of
the Commonwealth; and
9. To promote the cultural arts in their various forms
within the African American community through coordinated
efforts and advocacy.
Executive Order 1991 -7 at 1 -2.
As for the second Commission, pursuant to Senate Bill No.
1711, the Port of Pittsburgh Commission shall create the Pittsburgh
Regional Intermodal Freight Corporation, as a public non- profit
corporation to promote intermodal freight opportunities,
operations, and facilities, and qualified under Section 501(c)(3)
of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 Senate Bill No 1711 at 52.
The numerous purposes of the Commission include but are not limited
to: encouraging public and private capital investment along the
rivers for .fostering the creation of industrial facilities and
industrial parks and promoting the establishment of a "foreign trade
zone within the port district; promoting adequate facilities for
the handling, storage, care and shipment of freight and passengers
to, from and through the port with the purpose of increasing
commerce and commercial interests; promoting the development of
recreational facilities in the port district; promoting the rivers
as highways of commerce to increase freight and passenger commerce;
sponsoring, supporting and advising the Intermodal Corporation;
accepting gifts, grants, and donations on behalf of said
corporation; and disbursing funds for its lawful activities.
Senate Bill No. 1711 at S4. The powers and duties of the
Commission include but are not limited to the following:
1. The power`to contract and be contracted with and to sue
and be sued;
2. The power to improve navigable and nonnavigable areas as
regulated by federal or state statute;
3. To enter into with other ports;
4. To enter into agreements with any public utility
operating any transportation fatuity wholly or partially
within:,. the port area for the joint or exclusive use of
propei' ° ty, the establishment of routes over :rights- of=wayi
or the establishment of joint rates;
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 4
5. The power to acquire, lease and /or transfer property, or
any interest therein, necessary or desirable for carrying
out the purposes of the Commission and Corporation;
6. To establish for the purpose of planning, coordinating,
acquiring, holding, constructing, improving, maintaining
and operating, owning and leasing, port facilities and
equipment and recreational and commercial properties of
significance to the port district as determined by the
Commission when no such private operator exists in the
port district and when such an operation would not
compete with private corporations;
7. To enter into contracts for the use of any Commission or
Corporation facility and to fix the amount to be paid
therefor;
8. To borrow money, make and issue negotiable notes, bonds,
and other evidences of indebtedness or obligations, and
to secure the payment of same;
,9. To encumber revenues or receipts of the Commission and
Corporation as security for their obligations;
10. To accept gifts, grants, loans or contributions. from
federal, state, or local government or other public or
private agencies, individuals, partnerships or
corporations;
11. To generate revenue to compensate for =all or part of
their administrative planning, promotional and other
expenses;
12. To disburse funds for their lawful activities and fix
salaries and wages of employees;
13. To represent the port district before all-federal, state
and local agencies;
14. To deal effectively with regulatory issues and
restrictions detrimental to the port, and to promote new
regulations and restrictions beneficial to the port; and
15. To initiate or support international trade and to utilize
the advantages associated with foreign trade zone 33.
,igg, Senate Bill No. 1711 at S5(6).
Exclusions to the powers of the Commission specifically state
that the Commission shall not have the power to pledge the credit
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 5
or taxing power of the Commonwealth or any political subdivision,
and that no obligations of the Commission or Corporation shall be
deemed to be obligations of the Commonwealth or any of its
political subdivisions. Furthermore, the Commonwealth or any
political subdivision shall not - be liable for the payment of
principal or interest on obligations of the Commission or
Corporation. Senate Bill No. 1711 at 55(B).
The. `.question to be answered is whether the duties of the
Commissioners serving the above two newly formulated Commissions
are - encompassed. =within the term ' "public official" as defined in the
Ethics Law and Regulations the Commission.
"Public official" Any person elected by the
public or elected or appointed by a
, governmental body, or an appointed official in
the Executive, Legislative or Judicial Branch
of the State or any political subdivision
thereof, provided that it shall not include
members_ of boards that have no
authority to expend public funds other than
reimbursement for personal expense, or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or
any political subdivision thereof.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly
define the term "public official" as above and also set forth that
the term includes any individual:
Section 1.1 Definitions
Public, officials: - --
_ An elected or appointed official in the
executive, legislative or judicial branch of
the government of the Commonwealth or its
political subdivisions. The terms does not
include a member of an advisory board who has
no authority to spend public funds other than
reimbursement for personal expenses or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or a
political subdivision thereof.
(i) The following criteria_ will be used
to determine if the exception in this
paragraph is applicable:
(A) The body will be deemed to have the
power to expend public funds if the body may
commit funds or may otherwise make payment of .
monies, enter into contracts, invest funds
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 6
51 Pa. Code 51.1.
held in reserves, make loans or grants, borrow
money, issue bonds, employ staff, purchase,
lease, . acquire or sell real or `personal
property without the consent or approval of
the governing body and the effect of the power'
to expend public funds has a greater than de
minimis effect on the interest of a person.
(B) The body will be deemed to have the
authority to otherwise exercise the power of
the State or apolitical subdivision if one of
the following exists:
(I) The body makes binding decisions or :_
orders . adjudicating substantive issues which
are appealable to a body or person other than
the governing authority.
(II) The body exercises a basic power of
government and performs essential governmental
(III) The governing authority is bound by
statute or ordinance to accept . and enforce the
rulings of the body.
(IV) The body may compel the governing
authority to act in accordance with the body's
decisions or restrain the governing authority
from acting contrary to the body's decisions.
(V) The body makes independent decisions
which are effective without approval of the
governing authority.
(VI) The body may adopt, amend and repeal
resolutions, rules, regulations, or
ordinances.
(VII) The body has the power of eminent
domain, or condemnation.
(VIII) The enabling legislation of the
body indicates that the body is established
for exercising public powers of the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
The questions which you must be reviewed under
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 7
these provisions of the statute and the. regulations of the
Commission in light of the duties and responsibilities of the
Commissioners serving on the above two newly formulated Commissions
as described above. The inquiry necessarily focuses on the
position itself and not on the individual incumbent in the
position, the variable functions of the position, or the manner in
which a particular individual occupying a position may carry out
those functions. See Philips v. State Ethics Commission, 79 Pa.
Cmwlth. 491, 470 A. 2d 659 (1984); Mummau v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp.
402 (E.D. Pa. 1982).
Also, in reviewing your questions, the Commonwealth Court in
its ruling in Phillips, supra, at page 661, directs the Commission
to construe ' of the Ethics Act broadly, rather than
narrowly, and conversely, directs that exclusions from the Ethics
Act should be narrowly construed. Based upon this directive and
reviewing the definition of "public official" in the statute and
the regulations and opinions of this Commission, in light of the
duties and responsibilities of the Commissioners serving on the
above Commissions, it must be concluded that Commissioners on the
Governor's Advisory Commission on African American Affairs are not
within the definition of "public official" as set forth in the
Ethics Law, but Commissioners serving on the Port of Pittsburgh
Commission are within the definition of "public official" as set
forth in the Ethics Law. The above conclusions are based upon the
objective review of Executive Order 1991 -7 and Senate Bill No.
1711.
A review of Executive Order 1991 -7, pertaining to the
Governor's Advisory Commission on African American Affairs, reveals
that the Commission is an advisory body which has no authority to .
spend public funds (other than perhaps reimbursing personal
expenses) or to otherwise exercise the power of the state or a
political subdivision thereof. However, it is noted that some
language within the Executive Order is ambiguous, and therefore
this Advice is conditioned upon the assumption that in performing
its duties Such as working with or serving as a liaison to other
agencies and in assisting and serving as a resource for community
groups, the Commission would not be expending public funds other
than reimbursing personal expenses and would not be otherwise
exercising the power of the state or a political subdivision
thereof. Based upon the above assumption, because Commissioners
serving on the Governor's Advisory Commission on African American
Affairs would not fall within the classification of the term
"public official," they would not be subject to the financial
reporting and disclosure requirements of the Ethics Law. Indeed
the only provisions of the Ethics Law which would apply to such
Commissioners would be Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
which apply to everyone regardless of status as -a public
official /public employee. For informational purposes, you are
Arian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 8
advised that those provisions provide in part that no person shall
offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and
no public official /employee shall solicit or accept any thing of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby.
On the other hand, in considering the powers and duties of
Members of the Port of Pittsburgh Commission, the necessary
conclusion is that these Commissioners are within the definition of
"public official" and are therefore subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Law including but not limited to the financial reporting
and disclosure requirements. The Port of Pittsburgh Commission
exercises basic powers of government and performs_gessential
governmental functions and in so doing makes independent decisions
which are effective without approval of any other governmental
body. The substantial powers of the Commission affect
transportation, and specifically permit the Commission to improve
navigable and non - navigable areas as regulated by federal or state
statute; to establish port facilities and equipment; to initiate or
support international trade; to promote regulations and
restrictions beneficial to the port; to issue bonds and other
evidences of indebtedness; and to generate revenue to compensate
for all or part of the administrative planning, promotional and
other expenses. These specific examples, as well as other powers
and duties of the Commission, clearly establish that the duties and
responsibilities of Commissioners serving on the Port of Pittsburgh
Commission bring them within the definition of "public official" as
set forth in the Ethics Law. Accordingly, Commissioners serving on
the Port of Pittsburgh Commission are subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Law, including but not limited to the requirement that
each Commissioner file a Statement of Financial Interests for each
year in which the Commissioner holds the aforesaid position and for
the year following termination of this service.
Conclusion: A Commissioner serving on the Governor's Advisory
Commission on African American Affairs is not to be considered a
"public official" as defined in the Ethics Law. Accordingly,
Commissioners serving on the Governor's Advisory Commission on
African American Affairs would not be subject to the reporting and
disclosure requirements of the Ethics Law and need not file a
Statement of Financial Interests. Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the
Ethics Law are applicable to everyone. A Commissioner serving on
the Port of Pittsburgh Commission is to be considered a "public
official" as defined in the Ethics Law. Accordingly, Commissioners
serving on the Port of Pittsburgh Commission would be subject to
the provisions of Ethics Law, including but not limited to the
requirement to file a Statement of Financial Interests for each
year in which the aforesaid position is held and for the year
following termination of this service. Lastly, the propriety of
Brian P. Walsh
June 1, 1992
Page 9
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is.a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a. public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be_ scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
aph .
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel