HomeMy WebLinkAbout92-585Mr. Boyd M. Reeder
P.O. Box 44
Green Park, PA 17031
Dear Mr. Reeder:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 18, 1992
92 -585
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Surveyor Technician
Supervisor; PennDOT.
This responds to your letter of April 15, 1992, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Surveyor Technician
Supervisor following termination of service with the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation.
Facts: As a Surveyor Technician Supervisor in charge of a survey
corps in District 8 -0 (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation ( "PennDOT ")), you state that you will be retiring
from said position on April 24, 1992, and plan to seek employment
as a surveyor for a consulting firm. You state that as a Surveyor
Technician Supervisor you did not have any authority to make policy
or award contracts. You are seeking work as a member of a surveyor
corps in private industry where you state that you will not be
involved in policy making or contract negotiations. You
specifically request a ruling for a waiver on the one year
restriction placed on retirees.
A copy of your job description for your position as a Surveyor
Technician Supervisor has been obtained from PennDOT, which job
description is incorporated herein by reference. An organizational
chart had also been requested from PennDOT, but per a memorandum
dated April 22, 1992, from Mr. David R. Guy, Personnel Manager of
PennDOT Engineering District 8 -0, which memorandum is incorporated
herein by reference, the Commission has been informed that there is
no formal organizational chart for your position. However, the
memo states that you report to the District Chief of Surveys who in
turn reports to the Design Services Engineer. Design Services
reports through the Assistant District Engineer for Design to the
District Engineer. Furthermore, Mr. Guy has indicated that the
Mr. Boyd M. Reeder
May 18, 1992
Page 2
position which you held with PennDOT was chief of party for a field
survey corps in which capacity you supervised three to five survey
personnel in determining 'property limits, project stake -outs,
establishing deed descriptions, and similar duties.
Discussion: As a Surveyor Technician Supervisor for PennDOT, you
would be considered a "public employee" within the definition of
that term as set forth in the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Law and the Regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa.
Code S1.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description,
which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that
the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting, administering or monitoring grants, leasing,
regulating, auditing or other activities where the economic impact
is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person. It
is specifically noted that you worked independently in the field
during normal survey operations while supervising others.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became
a "former public employee "subject to Section 3(g) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law. Section 3(g) of the Ethics Act
provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has
been associated for one year after he leaves
that body.
Initially, to answer your request the governmental body with
which you have been associated while working with PennDOT must be
identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated with
the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
The term "governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated" is defined under the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
Official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within
State government or a political subdivision
by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public
Mr. Boyd M. Reeder
May 18, 1992
Page 3
official or employee is or has been appointed
or elected and subdivisions and offices within
that governmental body.
In applying the above definition to the instant matter, we
must conclude that the governmental body with which you have been
associated upon termination of public service would be PennDOT in
its entirety, including but not limited to District 8 -0. The above
is based upon the language of the Ethics Law, the legislative
intent (Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290,
291) and the prior precedent of this Commission. Thus, in Sirolli,
Opinion 90-006, the Commission found that a former Division
Director of the Department of Public Welfare (DPW) was not merely
restricted to the particular Division as was contended but was in
fact restricted to all of DPW regarding the one year representation
restriction. Similarly in Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R, it was
determined that a former legislative assistant to a state senator
was not merely restricted to that particular senator but to the
entire Senate as his former governmental body.
Therefore, within the first year after termination of service
with PennDOT, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and
restrict representation of persons or new employers vis -a -vis
PennDOT.
It is noted that Act 9 of 1989 . significantly broadened the
definition of the term "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated." It was the
specific intent of the General , Assembly to define the above term so
that it was not merely limited to the area where a public
official /employee had influence or control but extended to the
entire governmental body with which the public official /employee
was associated. The foregoing intent is reflected in the
legislative debate relative to the amendatory language for the
above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that
when we are prohibiting for 1 year that
revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing
not only with a particular subdivision of an
agency or a local government but the entire
unit..." Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
Therefore, since the Ethics Law must be construed to ascertain
and effectuate the intent of the General Assembly under 1 Pa.
C.S.A. S1901, it is clear that the governmental body with which you
have been associated is PennDOT in its entirety, including but not
limited to District 8 -0
Mr. Boyd M. Reeder
May 18, 1992
Page 4
Turning now to the scope of the restrictions under Section
3(g), the Ethics Law does not affect one'e ability to appear before
agencies or entities other than with respect to the former
governmental body. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the
type of employment in which a person may engage, following
departure from their governmental body. It is noted, however, that
the conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial
Iconf licts and violations of the public trust. The intent of the
law generally is ..that during the term of a person's public
employment . he must act consistently with the public trust and upon
departure from the public sector,: that .individual should not be
allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
iofficials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer,
.treatment or benefits that may be obtainable only because of his
Association with his former governmental body.
In respect to the one year restriction against such
"representation," the Ethics Law defines "Represent" as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any
other person in any activity which includes,
but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying
and submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of a former
public official or public employee.
In addition, the term "Person" is defined as follows under the
Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association,
firm, partnership, committee, club or other
organization or group of persons.
The Commission, in Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, has also
interpreted the term "representation" as used in Section 3(g) of
the Ethics Law to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the former governmental body
or bodies, including, but not limited to, negotiations or
renegotiations in general or as to contracts;
2. Attempts to influence; -
Submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed
Mr. Boyd M. Reeder
May 18, 1992
Page 5
or contain the name of the former public official /employee;
4. Participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person;
5. Lobbying, thht is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the former governmental body in relation
to legislation, regulations, etc.
The Commission has also held that listing one's name as the
person who will provide technical assistance on such proposal,
document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by ths• former
governmental body constitutes an attempt to influence the former
governmental body. In Shay, Opinion 91 -012, the Commission held
that Section 3(g) would prohibit the inclusion of the name of a
former public official /public employee on invoices submitted by his
new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertained to a contract which existed prior to termination
of public service. Therefore, within the first year after
termination of service, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above.
You may assist in the preparation of any documents presented
to PennDOT. However, you may not be identified on documents
submitted to PennDOT. You may also counsel any person regarding
that person's appearance before PennDOT. Once again,, however, the
activity in this respect should not be revealed to PennDOT. Of
course, any ban under the Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude
the making of general informational inquiries of PennDOT to secure
information which is available to the general public. This must
not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Although Section 3(g) would not preclude accepting the
proposed private employment as a surveyor for a consulting firm,
your conduct during the one year period of applicability-of Section
3(g) must conform to the restrictions set forth above. This
Commission does not have the authority to grant waivers from the
statutory requirements of Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer toga public official /employee
and no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, offidial
action, or judgement of the public official /employee would be
influenced thereby...Reference,is made these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a.complete response to the question
presented.
Mr. Boyd M. Reeder
May 18, 1992
Page 6
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other
statute, code ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other
than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not
addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code of
Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Surveyor Technician Supervisor for the
.Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation
( "PennDOT ") , you would be considered a "public employee" as defined
in the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with PennDOT, you
became a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the
Ethics Law. The former governmental body is PennDOT in its
entirety, including but not limited to District 8 -0. The
restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the
Ethics Law also requires that a Statement of Financial Interests be
filed for the year following termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be
issued. Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at
the Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent`. Dopko
Chief Counsel