HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-621 SawtelleBarry W. Sawtelle, Esquire
Kozloff, Diener, Payne & Fegley
2640 Westview Drive
P.O. Box 6286
Wyomissing, PA 19610
Dear Mr. Sawtelle:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 5, 1994
94 -621
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Private Employment or
Business, Contractual Relationship Between Public Official's
Business and Company Submitting Bid to the Township,
Supervisor, Second Class Township.
This responds to your letter of September 16, 1994, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a Second Class Township supervisor is prohibited or
restricted by the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law from
working with, being employed by or associated with a
business /person in a private capacity which may submit a bid to the
township.
Facts: You represent James Mandolos; a duly elected Supervisor of
a Second Class Township, Bern Township, Berks County. Mandolos
maintains a place of business with a designated address and
telephone number. Bern Township is contemplating new construction
and an upgrade of its sewage treatment facilities with concomitant
anticipated borrowing in excess of two million dollars. The Bern
Township Board of Supervisors presently has considered securing the
necessary financing through a single investment banking firm
operating out of Philadelphia. Mandolos has suggested that
consideration be given to soliciting bids for the financing from a
variety of sources in order to secure the best available terms for
the Township. In particular, Mandolos has suggested that the
solicitation include Meridian Bank which maintains a significant
presence in the Berks County financial and business communities.
Mandolos is the principal shareholder, director and president
of Bright Signs, Inc., a Pennsylvania corporation which maintains
and erects electrified and other types of signs for business and
Sawtelle, Barry W., Esquire, 94 -621
October 5, 1994
Page 2
other institutions. Meridian Bank is one of Bright Signs, Inc.'s
customers with a contract for the maintenance of all Meridian Bank
Signs in Berko County. In 1993, the business provided to Bright
Signs, Inc. as per the Meridian Bank contract constituted
approximately 10% of the gross revenue of Bright Signs, Inc. A
conflict has been alleged as to Mandolos' advocacy of a
solicitation for bids for the sewage treatment financing that would
include but not be limited to Meridian Bank. The basis for the
conflict charge is in part Mandolos' association with Bright Signs,
Inc. and the business relationship between that corporation and
Meridian Bank. In light of the foregoing, Mandolos has requested
an advisory from the Commission as to these circumstances.
Specifically, under the above facts, Mandolos seeks advice as to
whether his advocacy of a solicitation for bids from a broad range
of financial institutions doing business in Berko County would
constitute a violation of the Ethics Law. Second, in the event
that the solicitation for bids is undertaken by the Township and
Meridian Bank would be the most favorable bidder for financing,
Mandolos inquires as to whether there would be any violation of the
Ethics Law if Mandolos were to vote in favor of accepting the bid
of Meridian Bank.
Discussion: As a Supervisor for Bern Township, Mandolos is a
public official as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and
hence he is subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Sggtj.on 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. $ef }pitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a. business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minims economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
Sawtelle, Barry W., Esquire, 94 -621
October 5, 1994
Page 3
general public or a subclass consisting of an .
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or
public employee who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a patter
Sawtelle, Barry W., Esquire, 94 -621
October 5, 1994
Page 4
before it because the number of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by fining a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the
instant matter, it is noted that Section 3 (a) of the Ethics Law
does not prohibit public officials /employees from outside business
activities or employment, however, the public official /employee may
not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own
private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is
associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -011. A public official /employee
must exercise caution so that his private business activities do
not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013.
Thus, a public official /employee could not perform private business
using governmental facilities or personnel. In particular, the
governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research
materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a
means, in whole or part, to carry out private business activities.
In addition, the public official /employee could not during
government working hours, solicit or promote such business
activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly
prohibit the use of confidential information received by holding
public office/ employment for such a prohibited private pecuniary
benefit.
Having set forth the above the general principles, the
specific inquires which you have posed will now be addressed under
the Ethics Law. As to whether the solicitation of bids from a
broad range of financial institutions doing business in Berks
County would constitute_ a violation of the Ethics Law, you are
advised that any past action cannot be addressed in an advice
format in that an advisory opinion can only address future
Sawtelle, Barry W., Esquire, 94 -621
October 5, 1994
Page 5
prospective conduct. However, if the question posed relaty to
future conduct as to solicitation from a broad range of
institutions, you are advised that such action would not constitute
a conflict by Mandolos in that under the submitted facts, there
would not be any use of authority of office to obtain a private
pecuniary benefit for Mandolos, a member of his immediate family or
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated. As to the second question posed, it is noted that the
question clearly relates to future /prospective conduct, which may
be addressed under the Ethics Law. In the event that there is a
solicitation of bids and Meridian is the most favorable bidder, you
are advised that Mandolos would have a conflict so that he could
not vote or participate as to the award to Meridian Bank and must
observe the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics
Act noted above.
In Miller, Opinion 89 -024, the Commission held that a public
official had a conflict as to any matters involving the business
with which he was associated, clients of that business as well as
plans or projects of the business in which the public official was
involved. Similarly, in Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010, the
Commission held that a Township Supervisor who was an attorney had
a conflict as to any of his firm's clients that had matters pending
before the Township even though the legal representation was on
other /non - Township matters. In the instant matter, it is clear
that Mandolos' business has Meridian as a client and there is an
ongoing business relationship between Bright Signs, Inc. and
Meridian Bank. Therefore, based upon the above prior precedent of
the Commission, Mandolos would have a conflict as to Meridian Bank,
could not vote or participate on matters pertaining to Meridian
Bank (as well as Bright Signs, Inc.) and must observe the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law as noted
above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: As Supervisor for Bern Township, Mandolos is a public
offi subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Act would not prohibit future conduct of Mandolos
from advocating for the solicitation of bids from a broad range of
financial institutions doing business in Berks County. However,
Section 3(aYQf tie Ethics Law would prohibit the participation or
vote - by landplos as to the award of a bid to a company that has an
ongoing coi relationship with a business with which
Mandolos is associated. The disclosure requirements of Section
Sawtelle, Barry W., Esquire, 94 -621
October 5, 1994
Page 6
3(j) of the. Ethics Law as outlined above must be satisfied.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has, only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the, Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have
any reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the
full Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission
will be scheduled d sled and a formal Opinion will be issued toy the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actuallv
re at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of thec,1ate
of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 513.2(h). The appeal May
be received at the Commission by hand delivery, Waited States
mail, delivery-service, or by FA% transmission (717- 787 -0800.
Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within fifteen
(15) days may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
T 'ncerely,
incent J. ¶ropko
Chief Counsel