HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-536 ConfidentialSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE ..BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470 •,
HARRISBURG, •PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
= ADVICE-OF COUNSEL
March 31, 1994
94 -536
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Township Supervisor,
Simultaneous Service, Vice President of Volunteer Fire
Department, Use of Authority of Office or .Confidential
Information, Vote, Allocation of Funds to Fire Department,
Receipt of Payment from Department.
This responds to your letter of February 24, 1994 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethios Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a Township
Commissioner, who is also Vice President of the Township Volunteer
Fire Department, from voting to allocate funds to the fire
department and receive "pay per - call" as a member of the -fire
department.
Facts: You are Solicitor for Township -A. B, the Chairman of the
Board of Supervisors, has requested that you obtain this advisory.
B also is a Member of Township A Volunteer Fire Department and
serves as C.
The volunteers are on a "pay call system" whereby they are
paid a nominal amount for responding to fire calls. They are paid
by the Fire Department, however, the Township prduides payment to
the Fire Department in an amount equal to one -half of : the reported
calls. Thus, the payment is not direct, but is an allocation by
the Township to the Fire Department. The Board of Supervisors does
vote on the allocation to the Fire Department annually. The
Township does not pay individual "volunteers. It makes its
allocation based upon information received from"_ the Fire
Department. The amount received by B in -1993 was $700.00.
Based upon the above, you request an advisory from the State
Ethics Commission as to the - applicability of the Ethos law to the
Confidential Advice, 94 -536 �.
March 31, 1994
Page 2
following questions; _._.
1) May the Supervisor receive funds from the Fire
Department?
2) May the Supervisor vote on an annual allocation to the
Fire Department?
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. 55407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestgr,has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
i4cts:which.the requestor has submitted,.. the Commission does not
Q4gage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
peculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
yrden. the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. S5407(101, (11). An
advisory only .affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
t disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Supervisor for Township A, B is a public official as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence he is subject to
the provisions of that law:
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage - in conduct that
constitutes a conflict-of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest. Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his .
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an .
industry, occupation or other group . which
Confidential Advice,, 94 -536
March 31, 1994
Pace 3
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
'Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law., the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties = and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
"Business." Any corporation,
- partnership, sole proprietorship, firm,
enterprise, franchise, association,
organization; self- employed :individual,
holding company, joint stock company,
receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any business in which the person or a member
of the person's immediate family is a
director, officer, owner, employee or has a
financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide .
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official-Or
public employee 'who in the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the
Confidential Advice, 94 -536
March 31, 1994
Page 4
minutes of the meeting at. the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
wog.d be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members. of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section makes the majority
or ether legally required vote of approval
,attainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as
Otherwise provided herein. In the case of a
thee- member governing body of a. political
subdivision, where one member has abstained
from voting as a result of a. conflict of
interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a .conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the . .person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar Advice 91- 523 -S.
You are further advised that the use of authority of office is
more than the mere mechanics of voting.and encompasses all of the
tasks needed to perform the functions of .a given position. See,
Juliante, Order No. 809. Use of authority of office includes
discussing, conferring with others, lobbying for a particular
result and /or any other use of the authority of office in which the
result would be a private pecuniary benefit to a business with
whi a pu b lic official or a member of his immediate family is
ass
In applying the Ethics Law to this case, the response to your
first inquiry is dependent upon the nature of the Fire Department;
that is, whether the Fire Department is a part of the Township or
a separate and distinct entity apart from the Township.
The Commission has determined if a particular statutory
enactment prohibits an official, from receiving of a particular
benefit, then that official's receipt of such a prohibited benefit,
Confidential Advice, 94 -536
March 31, 1994
Page 5
through the authority of public_bffice, would also be a use of the
authority of-office Contrary to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law. In
this respect, this Commission :has been called upon, on various
occasions, to determine whether a specific pecuniary benefit or
financial gain is prohibited by law. In order to determine whether
a particular pecuniary benefit or gain is strictly prohibited by
law, the provisions of the Second Class Township Code must be
reviewed:
53 F.S. S65513.
b) Except' as provided in section 514, no
supervisor shall at - the same time hold any
other elective or appointive office or
position other than township roadmaster or
secretary- treasurer. . . .
The Second Class Township Code does not appear to contain any
exceptions to the above provision that is applicable in the instant
situation.. Therefore, if the Fire- Department is part of the
Township, taking compensation for fire calls would be contrary to
the provisions of the Second Class Township =Code. Although only
the Pennsylvania General Assembly has the inherent authority to
declare offices incompatible the State Ethics Commission may
review the Ethics Law to determine that a conflict exists based
upon the statutory incompatibility. Johnson, Opinion 86 -004. As
a result of the foregoing, any salary, benefits or gain which you
would receive would be a private pecuniary benefit not authorized
in law in light of the foregoing incompatibility provision.
If the Fire Department is not a part of the township, but is
a separate and distinct entity, then there does not appear to be
any real possibility of a private pecuniary benefit or inherent
conflict arising if B were to serve as Supervisor and as a member
and officer of the Fire Department and receive compensation for
fire calls. Basically, the Ethics Law does not state that it is
inherently incompatible for a public official /employee to as
a Supervisor and as a. member and officer of the Township Volunteer
Fire Department. The main prohibition under the Ethics Law and
Opinions of the Ethics Commission is that ' one may not serve the
interests of two persons, groups, or entities whose interests may
be inherently adverse. Smith Om..n.ion., 89 =010. In the _Situation
outlined above, B would not be serving entities with interests
which are inherently adverse to' each other. This conclusion,
however, is expressly conditioned upon the assumption that Township
A is a separate governmental body from the Fire Department..-
Turning to the question of voting on the &liocation, pursuant
to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, •a 'public •official/public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
Confidential Advice, 94 -536
March 31, 1994
Page 6
such.
1
office /employment or confidential information received by holding
such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the
public official/public. employee himself, any - member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. In this case, the Fire Department
is a business with which he is associated.
Should a situation arise where the use of authority of- .publid
office /employment or confidential information received by holdifc
the above public positions could result in a prohibited private
pecuniary benefit, for example, voting on the Fire Department
allocation, a conflict of interest would arise. In each instance
of a conflict of interest, B would be required to fully-abstain and
to publicly announce and disclose the abstention and the reasons
for same in a written memorandum filed with the appropriate person
(supervisor or secretary who keeps the minutes).
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: As a Supervisor for Township A, B is a public Official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. As a public official,
the Ethics Law would prohibit him from receiving payment from the
Fire Department if the Department is part of the township. If the
Department is a separate and distinct entity, the Ethics Law would
not prohibit him from receiving compensation as a Member of the
Volunteer fire Department. Since the Fire Department is a business
with which he is associated, he may not vote or participate in the
matter regarding the allocation of funds by the Township m t the
he
Department. The disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) must
observed. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requester has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
Confidential Advice, 94 -536
March 31, 1994
Page 7
scheduled and ,a formal Opihion -will be issued by the Commissi'bn.
Any such appeal must be in writing 1d mUst be .a fight
received at the Commission within fifteen 1 days 'Cif the date bf this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa.Code §13.2011. MI appeal ms be received
PP �
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806).
cerely,
Vincent '5 bopko
Chief Counsel