HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-534 MilitoGeorge E. Conroy
Richard A. Milito
2509 Wilson Street
Natrona Heights, PA 15065
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 30, 1994
94 -534
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee Township Commissioners,
Lawsuit Against Board of Commissioners; Contributions by
Citizens to Legal Defense Fund; Use of Funds for Attorneys'
Fees.
Dear Mr. Conroy and Mr. Milito:
This responds to your letter of February 10, 1994 in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
presents any prohibition or restrictions upon two Township
Commissioners from using funds contributed by citizens to pay
attorneys' fees incurred as a result of litigation instituted
against the other Commissioners.
Facts: You were elected to four year terms as Harrison Township
Commissioners in January, 1992. In December, 1993, a majority of
the Board of Commissioners voted to remove you from your positions
as Commissioners and appointed replacements. You subsequently
filed a mandamus action against the Board of Commissioners seeking
reinstatement to your positions. On January. 3, 1994, Allegheny
County Court of Common Pleas ruled in your favor and issued an
order directing you to be reinstated. This decision was not
appealed.
In the course of this litigation, you incurred legal fees in
the amount of $2,300.00. Individuals who support you as
Commissioners have created a legal defense fund to receive
contributions to help pay the legal costs. You believe that such
contributions are similar to political contributions and should be
permitted. To date, funds are being contributed; however, no
disbursement has yet been made.
Conroy, George E.; t" lito,.E d rd;:b , ::&
March 30, 1994
Page 2
Accordingly, you request an advisory -from the State Ethics
Commission as to whether under the Ethics_Law, it is permissible to
use these funds for the legal expenses you have incurred.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10)
and 7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. SS407(10), (11), advisories
are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not
engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it
speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the
bUZden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §S407(10), (11). An
advisory only affdrds a defense to the extent the requestor has
tiut1tfully all of the material facts.
As Commissioners for Harrison Township, you are public
officials as that term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in • `conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest " does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
Conroy, George E.; WIlto
March 30, 1994
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided : by - law, the exercise' of
which is . necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular-public-office or position of public
employment.
"Gift." Anything which is received
without consideration of 'equal or greater
value. "Gift" shall not include a political
contribution otherwise reported as required by
law or a commercially reasonable loan made in
the ordinary course of business.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c)'of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary :value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value ` 'based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action; 4r judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as` follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j)_ Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of
Pennsylvania or by any law, rule, regulation,
order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public' official or
public employee who in. the discharge of his
official duties would be required to vote on a
;matter gist • vould...result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior
to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest, as a
public .record in a written memorandum filed
'with the person responsible for recording the
minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number. of members of the
body required to abstain from voting under the
provisions of this section mikes the majority
or other legally required vote' o€ approtal
unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are Made as
otherwise provided herein. In the ease.,of a
three- member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member .. as : abatai.ned
Conroy, George E.; Mil-ito, ni 5L . ,
March 30, 1994
Page 4
from voting `. as a result of a , conflict of
interest, and the remaining two Members of the
governing- body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to
vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is
made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public
official /employee to .abstain and to publicly disclose the
abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a
majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from c onfli ct
ft
under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are
followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
Section 5. Statement of Financial Interests
(a) The statement of financial interests
filed pursuant to this act shall be on a form
prescribed by the commission. All information
requested on the statement shall be provided
to the best of the knowledge, information: and
belief of .the person required to file and
shall be signed under oath or equivalent
affirmation.
(b) The statement shall include the
following information for the prior calendar
year with regard to the person required to
file the statement.
(6) The name and address of
the source and the amount of any
gift or gifts valued in the
aggregate of $200 or more and the
circumstances of each gift. This
paragraph shall not apply to a gift
or gifts received from a spouse,
parent, parent by marriage, sibling,
child, grandchild, other family
member or f ri,end when the
circumstances make it clear that the
motivation for the action aio a
personal or family
However, for the purposes of this
Como , George E.; M4 .itb, Thie a . ,. 4.r :-.g34 -
March 30, 1994
Page 5
4 47 Subsection, the term "friend" shall
: not include a registered .:lobbyist or
an employee of a registered
lobbyist. This - paragraph shall; not
be applied retroactively.
65. P.S. §405(a),(b)(6).
•
In applying the .Ethics Law to this case, it is clear that the
receipt of any money'from the defense fund would constitute a gift
under the Ethics ;Law. The Ethics Law does not preclude the receipt
of a gift by a public official. See Cooper, Opinion 92 -009,
Wolfcrancr, Opinion 89 -028 and Gialiotti, Opinion 89 -020. Since the
receipt of the funds would be a -gift, as public officials, you
could lie required to list the gifts on your Statements of Financial
Interests.
As to whether you,•as public officials, would have a conflict
if you would have official involvement with the, donors to the fund,
the Commission held in Wolfcrancr, supra, that a contribution to a
candidate for office, in and of itself, without any additional
facts would not create a per se conflict if the individual were
elected to that office. 'However, there have been various cases
before this Commission,- where it was held =that the Ethics Law was
violated based upon particular facts where public officials have
accepted gifts from individuals and subsequently acted upon matters
which the donors had pending before the governunental body. See,
Volpe, Order 579 -R; Smith, Order 578 .R; Feller, Order 576-R. If at
some point the contributors would have contracts or other matters
pending before your governmental body, you, at that time, should
seek additional advice from this Commission as t� whether a
conflict would exist under such circumstances.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed
herein is the applicability of the Township Code.
Conclusion: As Commissioners for Harrison Township; you are public
officials subject to the provisions - af F:thibs Law:
Disbursements from a defense .fund constitute gifts to you which
mist be reported on the. Statements of Financial Interests. The
payment of expense's from a fund established by p rivate donations or
solicitations from individuals does not create a conflict of
interest per se. However, _if a 'donor would sub`segtently have a
matter before the Township, further advice should be requested from
this Commission. Lastly, the propriety of the prose coilduct has
only been addressed under the - Ethics -Law-,.
Conroy, George E.
March 30, 1994
Page 6
° :1*
; Milito "R7 i i' tr ' 1 , 94 -534
Pursuant to 'Section 7(11), this Advice is 'a Co complete
n defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
evidence of good faith disclosed truthfully
e has criminal
proceeding, . providing the qu
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance
on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
"such.
.Finally, if y t
ou-disagree with is Advice or if you have any reason to challenge same, you may a ppeal the Advice to the full , , .
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
An y Such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within fifteen (15) days of the date of this
a
Adtiice ursuartt to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The may be received
P
at the Cal mission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
*QWee, tir by FA transmission (717- 787 - 0806).
ncerely,
Vincent . Dopko
ehief Counsel