HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-592 SchleicherGloria M. Schleicher
494 Northlawn Drive
Lancaster, PA 17603
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 21, 2002
02 -592
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Marketing Manager (A03);
Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission.
Dear Ms. Schleicher:
This responds to your letter of July 18, 2002, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., presents any restrictions upon employment of a Marketing
Manager (A03) following termination of service with the Pennsylvania Historical &
Museum Commission.
Facts: As of July 31, 2002, you are terminating employment as a Marketing
Manager (A03) for the Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission ( "PHMC "). You
have submitted a copy of your job description, which is incorporated herein by
reference.
Per your job description, you have worked under the direction of the PHMC
Executive Director and the Governor's Director of Communication, and in conjunction
with the PHMC Press Secretary, to coordinate overall image, marketing materials,
publications and special events in Pennsylvania. Your specific duties with PHMC have
included, inter alia, the following: helping to design the annual marketing plan;
developing - historic sites and museums marketing plan; working with Historic Site
Administrators and other site personnel to develop and implement local and regional
promotional and marketing opportunities; managing the sites matching grant program;
serving as the PHMC's primary agency representative at travel /tourism industry
meetings; working in conjunction with the Division of Publications and Sales, reviewing
and approving all marketing literature, publications to convey the agency's image,
resources, and programs; serving as the PHMC's project leader on the State's
Advertising /Marketing Campaign; working with the Press Secretary in the management
of special events throughout the Commonwealth; and providing oversight and direction
for all PHMC public relations, outreach and marketing, under the supervision of the
Executive Director, Governor's Office of Communications, and in conjunction with the
Press Secretary.
Schleicher 02 -592
August 21, 2002
Page 2
As of August 1, 2002, you will be employed by the Pennsylvania Tourism and
Lodging Association as Executive Director of the Pennsylvania Association of
Convention & Visitor Bureaus. You state that you intend to register as a lobbyist
representing both of the aforesaid associations. You seek guidance from the State
Ethics Commission regarding the post - employment restrictions of the Ethics Act that
would apply to you in your new position.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As Marketing Manager (AO3) for the PHMC, you would be considered a "public
employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This conclusion is based
upon the job c( which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly
that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature
with respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; planning;
inspecting; administering or monitoring grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other
activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would be a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
Schleicher 02 -592
August 21, 2002
Page 3
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official) public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of public service. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
Schleicher 02 -592
August 21, 2002
Page 4
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be considered to have been
associated upon termination of public service would be the PHMC in its entirety.
Therefore, for the first year after termination of service with the PHMC, Section 1103(g)
of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before thie
PHMC.
As noted above, the term "representation" is broadly defined to prohibit acting on
behalf of any person in activity, including, but not limited to, lobbying Therefore,
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from lobbying the PHMC for one
year following termination of service with the PHMC.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As Marketing Manager (A03) for the Pennsylvania Historical &
Museum Commission ("PHMC"), you would be considered a "public employee" as
defined in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act ), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et seq. Upon termination of service with the PHMC, you would be a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former governmental body
would be the PHMC in its entirety.
The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. The
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Schleicher 02 -592
August 21, 2002
Page 5
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787 -0806. Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel