HomeMy WebLinkAbout00-563 BrewerSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1-800- 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 7, 2000
Ned J. Nakles, Jr., Esquire
Nakles and Nakles
Lincoln Professional Building
1714 Lincoln Avenue 00 563
Latrobe, PA 15650 -3097
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Member; School Board; Director; Event;
Coordinator; Compensation; Business with which Associated; Organization.
Dear Mr. Nakles:
This responds to your letter of March 14, 2000 by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. §1101 el seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a school board
director as to serving as the compensated coordinator for an organization that brings
speakers to the school to speak to students on various topics.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Greater Latrobe School District (District), you request
an advisory on behalf of Robert Brewer (Brewer), a Member of the Greater Latrobe
School Board.
As part of its mission statement, the District has a goal to be actively involved
in community services and affairs. The District is a member of a group known as the
Human Services Task Force (Task Force). The Task Force, which is comprised of local
businesses and community leaders along with representatives from a number of local
community charitable foundations, seeks to develop community outreach and in- school
programs.
The Task Force is currently attempting to coordinate a special project known as
the 2001 Summit (Summit) which is slated to be a one -time event, but may become
an annual event depending upon its success. The purpose of Summit is to bring
motivational speakers on various topics to meet with and speak to various groups of
students. The Summit's funding will be provided by two local charitable foundations:
the McFeely- Rogers Foundation and Latrobe Foundation. The District will not be
contributing any funds to the project, but will be a Task Force Member involved in the
planning of Summit. Time and energy will be spent by representatives of the District,
including its administrators, on this event.
Brewer has been suggested to serve in the position of Special Project
Coordinator for the Summit event. His responsibilities would include the coordination
FAX: (717) 787 -0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e -mail: ethics @state.pa.us
Nakles 00 -563
April 7, 2000
Page 2
of groups and activities. Brewer would only be retained for the 2001 Summit.
although there is a possibility that he would be retained for future events. The
estimated income for the position of Special Project Coordinator will be no more than
$2,000. However, it is possible that if future Summits are held, Brewer may be
retained as coordinator although he will never receive a regular salary. The District will
pay no monies to Brewer or Summit.
You ask whether there are any ethical considerations which would "militate"
against Brewer serving as the Coordinator for Summit. You also ask whether Brewer
should abstain from any Board action relating to Summit if he is able to act as the
Coordinator.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1 107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the
requestor based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the
advisory based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission
does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as
to facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §51107(10), (11).
An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed
all of the material facts.
Second, since the Ethics Act only regulates the conduct of public officials, it is
beyond our scope of inquiry to opine as to whether Brewer chooses to work in a
private capacity as the Special Project Coordinator for Summit.
As a Member for Greater Latrobe School Board, Brewer is a public official as
that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence Brewer is subject to the provisions
of that Act.
Section 1 103(a) of the. Ethics Act provides:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. The term does not
include an action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the public official
Nakles 00-563
April 7, 2000
Page 3
or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the
following procedure shall be employed. Any public official
or public employee who in the discharge of his official
duties would be required to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and,
prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be
unable to take any action on a matter before it because the
number of members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote
if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three- member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote
to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise
provided herein.
Nakles, 00 -563
April 7, 2000
Page 4
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with - the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter,
pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or
a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Factually, if Brewer is an employee of Summit, it would be a "business" with
which Brewer, as an employee, is associated. First, the definition of the term
"business" as set forth in the Ethics Act is very broad. Novak, Opinion No. 91 -009.
Summit would at least be an "organization" within that definition. Second, the fact
that Summit might be a non - profit organization would not disqualify it as a "business."
The word "or" toward the end of the definition of "business" is disjunctive, and the
repeated use of the word "any" precludes any interpretation that the final phrase "legal
entity organized for profit" modifies the preceding forms of entities in the list. See,
Soltis- Sparano, Order No. 1045 at 31 (Citing, Confidential Opinion, No. 89 -007;
McConahy, Opinion No. 96 -006). Since Summit is a "business" as that term is
defined in the Ethics Act, it would be a business with which Brewer is associated in
his capacity as the Special Project Coordinator, provided he is an employee of Summit.
As noted above, the Ethics Act would not prohibit Brewer from working and
receiving compensation as the Special Project Coordinator of Summit.
Assuming that Brewer would be an employee of Summit, it would be a business
with which Brewer is associated. Brewer would then have a conflict, could not
participate and must observe the disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act as to
matters involving Summit that come before the School Board.
If Summit is not a business with which Brewer is associated, he would not have
a conflict under the Ethics Act as to matters involving Summit that would come before
the School Board.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Public School Code.
Conclusion: As a Member for Greater Latrobe School Board, Brewer is a public
official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 et sue. Since Summit is a "business' under the Ethics Act,
it would be a business with which Brewer is associated in his capacity as the Special
Project Coordinator, provided he is an employee of Summit. Assuming that Brewer
would be an employee of Summit, Brewer would have a conflict, could not participate
and must observe the disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act as to matters involving
Summit that come before the School Board. If Summit is not a business with which
Brewer is associated, he would not have a conflict under the Ethics Act as to matters
involving Summit that would come before the School Board.
Nakles 00 -563
April 7, 2000
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h 1. The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (777- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel